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针对辽阳市中华大桥局部结构损伤对其承载力影响的问题,通过现场静力试验和损伤检测,得出了系统的现场数据,将该数据与桥梁破坏前的检测数据进行对比,确定结构的主要损伤为预应力T型主梁连接处的肋梁严重破损。用大型三维有限元软件ANSYS中的生死单元技术模拟破坏肋梁,建立了单跨损伤肋梁有限元数值模型,并将有限元数值分析结果与检测值相对比,验证了有限元模型的准确性。最后,采用钢筋焊接填筑混凝土进行补强,以外加钢板法加固损伤肋梁,并建立加固后的有限元模型,分析验证了该加固方法的有效性。 相似文献
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Current global urbanisation processes are leading to new forms of massive urban constellations. The conceptualisations and classifications of these, however, are often ambiguous, overlap or lag behind in scientific literature. This article examines whether there is a common denominator to define and delimitate–and ultimately map–these new dimensions of cityscapes. In an extensive literature review we analysed and juxtaposed some of the most common concepts such as megacity, megaregion or megalopolis. We observed that many concepts are abstract or unspecific, and for those concepts for which physical parameters exist, the parameters are neither properly defined nor used in standardised ways. While understandably concepts originate from various disciplines, the authors identify a need for more precise definition and use of parameters. We conclude that often, spatial patterns of large urban areas resemble each other considerably but the definitions vary so widely that these differences may surpass any inconsistencies in the spatial delimitation process. In other words, today we have tools such as earth observation data and Geographic Information Systems to parameterise if clear definitions are provided. This appears not to be the case. The limiting factor when delineating large urban areas seems to be a commonly agreed ontology. 相似文献