Multi-Elemental Analysis of ATHO-G Rhyolitic Glass (MPI-DING Reference Material) by Femtosecond and Nanosecond LA-ICP-MS: Evidence for Significant Heterogeneity of B,V, Zn,Mo, Sn,Sb, Cs,W, Pt and Pb at the Millimetre Scale

This paper reports on the application of variants of LA-ICP-MS – including infrared femtosecond laser ablation (fs-LA) inductively coupled plasma-quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-QMS) and nanosecond laser ablation (ns-LA) coupled with single-collector sector-field (SF-) ICP-MS – to the in situ determination of trace elements in different splits of the reference material (RM) ATHO-G (MPI-DING). Analyses of the materials performed by fs- and ns-LA-ICP-MS demonstrated the efficiency of the techniques with typical accuracy at a level of ≤ ± 20%. One ‘anomalous’ split, however, displayed a significant discrepancy from the reference concentrations for B, V, Zn, Mo, Sn, Sb, Cs, W and Pb. Three- to six-fold enrichment of V, Mo, Cs and Pt relative to the reference contents in this split is likely to have been due to direct contact of the silicate melt with Pt crucible walls and ceramics. Boron, Zn, Sn, Sb, W and Pb depletion relative to the reference concentrations is probably due to siderophile element adsorption by the Pt walls and/or related to the formation of volatile-depleted compositional cords during the preparation process. Our results imply that additional precautions should be taken against volatile/siderophile element heterogeneity in marginal/surface layers (≤ 10 mm) during the preparation of RMs by the fusion technique.     

阿拉善地块北缘朱拉扎嘎毛道晚二叠世火山岩的发现

研究区位于阿拉善地块北部的朱拉扎嘎毛道地区,根据前人研究,该区还未发现火山岩出露。通过对朱拉扎嘎毛道地区的岩石样品野外观察和室内薄片鉴定,确定该区存在球粒流纹岩。该套球粒流纹岩玻璃质含量较高,约75%,玻璃质呈球粒状,有脱玻化现象,其中还包含大量自形程度较高的长石颗粒,可能表明球粒流纹岩在喷发之前捕获有围岩成分。锆石U Pb年龄表明,该套球粒流纹岩的主要喷发时间为晚二叠世。根据LuHf同位素组成,U Pb年龄为240~325 Ma的锆石,εHf(t)全为负值(-39.2~-13.0),且模式年龄远远大于U Pb年龄,表明形成这套球粒流纹岩的岩浆来源于古老地壳再循环。而研究区位于华北板块西部块体的北缘,所以该套球粒流纹岩是由华北板块西部块体北缘的古老地壳物质再循环产生。     

大兴安岭南端红山子盆地流纹岩的成因:元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素制约

红山子晚侏罗世早期火山盆地位于西拉木伦河-长春缝合带以南、康宝-围场-赤峰-开原断裂带以北的辽源地块,其中赋存铀钼矿床的流纹岩为肉红色流纹岩和灰白色流纹岩。为了查明流纹岩的物质来源和形成的构造背景,本文分析了流纹岩的主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成。分析结果显示：流纹岩具有高SiO₂、K₂O和Fe₂O₃/FeO值,低Al₂O₃、CaO和MgO的特征,肉红色流纹岩比灰白色流纹岩的SiO₂含量略低、（K₂O+Na₂O）含量高和Fe₂O₃/FeO值略高;肉红色流纹岩和灰白色流纹岩均有较高的稀土含量,明显富集轻稀土,显著亏损铕;高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Ce、Y、Ga和大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U的含量较高,但大离子亲石元素Ba、Sr的含量低且变化较大,具有A₁型流纹岩、低Sr-Ba流纹岩和板内拉张构造流纹岩的微量元素特征;具有较小的（⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr）_i、较高的ε_Nd（t）、较年轻的T_DM2和较低的（²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb）_i、（²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb）_i、（²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb）_i,指示流纹岩是源于EMⅠ富集地幔的中元古代年轻下地壳部分熔融的产物,并在岩浆过程中经历了结晶分异。肉红色流纹岩和灰白色流纹岩的差异可能与年轻下地壳物质的成分差异有关。     

河北围场御道口盆地流纹岩锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义

对河北省围场县御道口盆地流纹岩进行SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年,结果表明,盆地内流纹岩的锆石206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值为155.2±2.0Ma,属于晚侏罗世早期岩浆活动的产物,与辽源地块新民组和燕山陆內造山带髫髻山组的地质时代一致。流纹岩分为灰白色流纹岩和肉红色流纹岩2种,均具有较高的SiO2、K2O、Al2O3含量和低的CaO、MgO含量,属高钾钙碱性系列,肉红色流纹岩的K2O/Na2O和Fe2O3/FeO值略高于灰白色流纹岩。流纹岩的稀土元素总量较高,轻、重稀土元素分馏明显,负Eu异常明显,具右倾轻稀土元素富集型稀土元素配分曲线特征;富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U、Ga、Y和高场强元素Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta,亏损大离子亲石元素Ba、Sr,具有A2型花岗岩和低Sr-Ba流纹岩的微量元素特征,具有较高的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i值(0.708606~0.711171)、较低的εNd(t)值(-9.78~-7.11)、相对年轻的TDM2(1520~1737Ma)和较低的(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)t、(~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb)t、(~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb)t值,在εNd(t)-(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i图解上投影点位于下地壳和亏损地幔之间,在(~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb)t-(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)t和(~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb)t-(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)t图解上投影点位于下地壳和地幔之间,指示流纹岩可能是DMM型(亏损型)地幔岩浆、EMⅠ富集地幔岩浆和少量古老下地壳物质混合形成的年轻下地壳部分熔融的产物。御道口盆地流纹岩的锶-钕-铅同位素特征与内蒙古基底隆起带的长英质火山-侵入岩基本一致,也与燕山陆內造山带的长英质火山-侵入岩相似,但不同于辽源地块的长英质火山-侵入岩。     

安徽省贵池铺庄金矿地质特征

铺庄金矿是近几年在铜陵－贵池成矿带中发现具有较大找矿前景的独立斑岩型金矿床。硅化、绢云母化、绿泥石化流纹斑岩型金矿是本矿的主要金矿类型。文中着重介绍铺庄金矿的地质背景、矿化特征、矿石类型，并对其成因作初步探讨。     

Dévitrification et altération supergène d'une rhyolite (bassin du Paraná, Brésil) : mécanismes et bilans géochimiques

The weathering of a rhyolitic lava flow of the Paraná Basin (Brazil) developed, on few centimeters only, simplified petrographic features. The initial meteoric fluid pass-way is marked by celadonite-to-nontronite transformation. The second step is the complete dissolution of plagioclases, and the last one is the massive precipitation of halloysite. The geochemical mass balances according to the alteration features demonstrate the progressive leaching of major and trace elements fractionated by plagioclases, glass and opaques, and the sorption of Cu>As>Sb in the halloysite matrix. To cite this article: M. Bernard et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).     

大兴安岭新林区中生代流纹岩年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义

大兴安岭北段新林区满克头鄂博组火山岩主要由流纹岩、英安岩及其凝灰岩组成,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为154.5±0.68 Ma,时代为晚侏罗世.白音高老组火山岩主要由流纹岩及其凝灰岩组成,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为121.12±0.5 Ma,时代为早白垩世.满克头鄂博组火山岩属于高钾钙碱性系列-钾玄质系列.稀土元素配分模式图呈右倾型,轻重稀土分馏明显,具有中等的Eu负异常.微量元素显示相对富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb、Ba、Sr和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti、P等.白音高老组火山岩属于高钾钙碱性系列.稀土元素配分模式图呈右倾型,轻重稀土分馏明显,明显Eu负异常.微量元素显示相对富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb和轻稀土元素,Ba、Sr明显亏损,高场强元素Nb、Ta,Ti强烈亏损.结合地球化学特征和前人研究资料,认为新林区满克头鄂博组火山岩来源于下地壳玄武质岩浆的结晶分异作用,与蒙古-鄂霍次克洋闭合造山后的伸展环境有关.白音高老组火山岩源于下地壳斜长角闪岩的非理想熔融,与太平洋板块俯冲影响的伸展作用有关.     

冀西北宣化晚三叠世中期流纹斑岩的发现及其地质意义

冀西北宣化东部地区ZY1井揭露在中元古界下马岭组页岩中,夹有4层流纹斑岩（浅成侵入）,本文测得其LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年龄为226.5±1.9 Ma,表明其侵入阶段为晚三叠世中期。本区流纹斑岩不含碱性铁镁矿物,应不属于碱性岩。本区发现的晚三叠世中期流纹斑岩,丰富了华北克拉通北缘中晚三叠世构造体制由碰撞后/造山后伸展向板内伸展转变过程中较少的非碱性岩类及其测年数据,对华北地块印支期活动历史的分析研究具有重要理论意义,对寻找矿产资源具有现实意义。     

赣东北中元古界铁沙街组石英角斑岩和流纹岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素及地球化学特征

本文首次测得江西弋阳中元古界铁沙街组石英角斑岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为1154±5 Ma。测定发现铁沙街组石英角斑岩和流纹岩高SiO_2(73.53%~81.11%),低CaO(0.06%~0.11%)、Na_2O(0.05%~2.77%),K_2O为2.16%~6.43%和Al_2O_3为11.06%~13.96%;在Zr/TiO_2—Nh/Y微量元素分类图解上绝大多数样品落于碱性流纹岩区域;在SiO_2—FeO/MgO图解中绝大多数样品位于钙碱性岩石系列区域;稀土总量(ΣREE)为182.48×10~(-6)~818.82×10~(-6),轻稀土较富集,铕明显负异常(δEu=0.20~O.45);在原始地幔标准化图解中,表现出亏损大离子亲石元素(Ba、Sr、Ti、P)和富集高场强元素(Nb、Ta、La、Ce、Zr、Hf、Sm)。铁沙街组石英角斑岩和流纹岩的锆石的ε_(Hf)(t)值分别为-6.1~5.3和-2.3~4.8,两阶段Hf模式年龄分别为1653~2380 Ma和1675~2132 Ma。锆石Hf同位素特征显示铁沙街组石英角斑岩、流纹岩的成因主要为岩石圈拆沉,深部地幔物质上涌,并由此造成的古元古代晚期下地壳物质的部分熔融。综上认为,铁沙街组石英角斑岩和流纹岩形成于中元古界后造山阶段的板内环境,可能与华夏陆块板内裂谷减薄开裂阶段的地幔物质上涌有关。     

Liquidus Equilibria in the System K2O-Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2-F2O-1-H2O to 100 MPa: I. Silicate-Fluoride Liquid Immiscibility in Anhydrous Systems

Liquidus relations in the four-component system Na₂O–Al₂O₃–SiO₂–F₂O_–1were studied at 0· 1 and 100 MPa to define the locationof fluoride–silicate liquid immiscibility and outlinedifferentiation paths of fluorine-bearing silicic magmas. Thefluoride–silicate liquid immiscibility spans the silica–albite–cryoliteand silica–topaz–cryolite ternaries and the haplogranite-cryolitebinary at greater than 960°C and 0· 1–100 MPa.With increasing Al₂O₃ in the system and increasing aluminum/alkalication ratio, the two-liquid gap contracts and migrates fromthe silica liquidus to the cryolite liquidus. The gap does notextend to subaluminous and peraluminous melt compositions. Forall alkali feldspar–quartz-bearing systems, the miscibilitygap remains located on the cryolite liquidus and is thus inaccessibleto differentiating granitic and rhyolitic melts. In peralkalinesystems, the magmatic differentiation is terminated at the albite–quartz–cryoliteeutectic at 770°C, 100 MPa, 5 wt % F and cation Al/Na =0· 75. The addition of topaz, however, significantlylowers melting temperatures and allows strong fluorine enrichmentin subaluminous compositions. At 100 MPa, the binary topaz–cryoliteeutectic is located at 770°C, 39 wt % F, cation Al/Na 0·95, and the ternary quartz–topaz–cryolite eutecticis found at 740°C, 32 wt % F, 30 wt % SiO₂ and cation Al/Na 0· 95. Such location of both eutectics enables fractionationpaths of subaluminous quartz-saturated systems to produce fluorine-rich,SiO₂-depleted and nepheline-normative residual liquids. KEY WORDS: silicate melt; granite; rhyolite; fluorine; liquid immiscibility