陕西略阳玄武岩连续纤维的物化性能

通过热重-差示扫描量热分析法和旋转法对陕西略阳玄武岩原矿的化学成分、熔化过程中析晶的上下限温度、熔化的黏度-温度变化等物理化学性能作了定性的分析与研究。确定出该矿区的玄武岩可以用来制备玄武岩连续纤维,并进一步确定出略阳玄武岩样品析晶的上限温度为1271℃。同时根据样品的黏度-温度变化规律最终得出样品的最佳成形温度为1320～1340℃。利用这些数据可为进一步研究开发和合理利用玄武岩资源提供理论依据。     

液化砂土流动效应的振动台试验研究

采用振动台激励使饱和砂土发生液化,并侧向拖拽埋入砂土中的铝管,模拟液化土体与管体相对运动以分析液化砂土流动的力学效应。引入流体力学理论与方法,推导出以拉力反算表观黏度的表达式以及液化土体作为流体对管壁作用的黏滞剪切力。分析和比较了振时拖动、振后拖动下土体的流体性质及其流动效应的率相关性和孔压相关性,探讨了砂土密实度对土体流动效应的影响。结果表明,土体初始密实度与液化后土体的表观黏度正相关;液化土体的表观黏度以及因流动产生的黏滞剪切力与孔压反相关;液化砂土流动产生的黏滞剪切力具有强烈的率相关性。针对可液化场地中的结构抗震分析,应考虑土-结构率相关相互作用。     

Analytical Model of Roll Vortices in the Convective Boundary Layer

Analytical solutions of convective waves in the convective boundary layer (CBL) were obtained with two-layer linearized atmospheric equations including Rayleigh friction, which represents the turbulent viscosity in the lower CBL. The analytical model shows that the interaction between the convection in the lower layer and gravity waves in the upper layer is one of the causes for the formation of convective bands. The flow and temperature fields obtained by the analytical model present the main characteristics of convective bands found in field observations. We have also investigated the influences of atmospheric conditions on the characteristics of the bands. Results accord with previous knowledge about these phenomena.     

对称扰动与纬向基流的相互作用 II.粘性波包的发展与弥散

该文对对称扰动与纬向基流的相互作用理论进行了深入的研究。这里是该文的第二部分,主要讨论粘性波包的发展与弥散。在对称扰动波包的动力学方程组中引进粘性作用（Ｐｒ＝１）可以发现,粘性耗散及扩散导致了“虚群速度（Ｃｉｇｙ,Ｃｉｇｚ）”的产生,它对波包的发展有着比较重要的影响。此外,各种稳定度参数的时空变化对扰动波包的发展具有重要作用。在一定的条件下,还可以产生波包的不稳定现象。     

Rheological Properties of Fractal Deformation in Multilayer Folds

Abstract: The fractal dimensions of folds are related to layer thickness and viscosity of the multilayer. This paper discusses how the thickness, viscosity, and anisotropic degree affect the rheological deformation of fractal folds in multilayers. The number of layers, their thicknesses, viscosities, and anisotropic degree of multilayers cooperate to affect the rheological deformation of folds, which is not controlled by a single rheological factor. A greater anisotropic degree of multilayers is favorable to develop the more complex and disharmonious fractal folds.     

高温硅酸盐熔体粘度与网络分数维值的相关性研究

对高温硅酸盐熔体粘度的估算一直是国际地学界热点问题之一,本文在研究了高温硅酸盐熔体网络分数维值的基础上,建立了估算熔体粘度的新模式 (简称 FD模式 ) ,阐明了熔体粘度值除了与温度成反比外,还与分子网络介观尺度的自相似比 ri 和分数维值 D相关,即与分子网络 (纳米尺度以上 )中的桥氧数 Ni成正比 (Ni∝ ) , 与单位硅氧四面体中的非桥氧数成反比.经对 4个硅酸盐系列高温熔体的粘度测定证实, FD模式的理论计算值与实测值吻合,且优于现今国际通用的 VTF模式.为探索岩浆迁移演化规律和完善新型低维材料的性能提供了新的理论依据.     

Uniform investigation of hydraulic fracturing propagation regimes in the plane strain model

The hydraulic fracturing propagation regimes in the plane strain model are uniformly investigated using a numerical method based on the finite element method. The regimes range from toughness‐dominated cases to viscosity‐dominated cases, covering zero leak‐off situations and small leak‐off situations. Unlike the asymptotic solutions, the numerical method is independent of the energy dissipation regimes and fluid storage regimes. The numerical method pays no special attention to the fracture tip, and it simulates fracture tip behaviors by increasing the number of functions in a natural and uniform manner. The numerical method is verified by comparing its results with the asymptotic solutions. The effect of the model sizes on the numerical method is discussed along with the robustness of the numerical method. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.