石河子市生命线工程系统的震害预测(1) --电力工程系统

以系统的观点，基于可靠性理论对石河子市电力工程系统进行了震害预测。通过整体分析与局部评估讨论了电力系统的可靠性；提出未来地震发生后系统的潜在灾害率。     

地磁脉动Pc5在2000年7月15～16日磁暴期间的特征

采用IMAGE链22个台站的地磁脉动10 s数据，分析了2000年6月15～16日磁暴期间Pc5地磁脉动的频率、振幅、位相和极化特征：（1）磁暴初相和主相期间Pc5脉动的主频率随纬度的升高而降低，但是恢复相期间主频率随纬度的升高而升高，主相期间Pc5的主频率比初相和恢复相期间的低；（2）Pc5脉动初相期间的振幅有一个主峰在64°N附近，主相期间在66°N附近，恢复相期间在71°N附近；位相在主峰两侧随着纬度变化了大约180°， 从初相到恢复相主峰位置向高纬地区大约移动了7°；（3）Pc5地磁脉动的偏振极化椭圆初相期间在PEL站（6346°N）接近线偏振，主相期间在MAS站（6607°N）接近线偏振，恢复相期间在BJN站（7133°N）接近线偏振，并分别在这几个台站两侧的偏振椭圆的旋转方向反向.     

Comparative Study of Cyclicity of Lithofacies in Lower Gondwana Formations of Talchir Basin, Orissa, India: A Statistical Analysis of Subsurface Logs

Cyclic characters of Karharbari, Barakar and Barren Measures Formations of the Talchir Gondwana basin have been studied in the subsurface logs statistically using first order Markov chain and entropy analyses. Results strongly suggest that the sediments of these formations were deposited by Markovian mechanism and all the three formations represent cyclic sedimentation. The complete cycles of all the three formations are identical and exhibit fining-upward character. Each complete cycle starts with a thin conglomerate or pebbly to coarse-grained sandstone at the base and successively followed by medium- and fine-grained sandstones, interbedded sandstone-shale, shale and terminates with a coal seam at the top. There are, however, minor variations of facies transition in different formations. Entropy analysis also corroborates these findings. The upward sequence of facies states, which is stationary at individual localities, is non-stationary over the entire area. Broad regional variations in the depositional environment, that are not significant at the local scale, may be the plausible explanation. The Karharbari, Barakar and Barren Measures sediments of the Talchir Gondwana basin fit suitably into the concept of fluvial cycles.     

北京西山侏罗纪煤系变质特征与地质灾害的关系

北京西山侏罗纪煤系与京东煤田和相邻省(自治区)的同期煤系存在诸多差异，尤其是在采空区地质灾害类型方面具有明显的特殊性。它既有别于周边地区同期煤系，也有别于同一地区下伏石炭—二叠纪煤系采空区地质灾害链。对于形成这种差异的因素研究，既是基础地质课题，也是工程地质课题。北京西山侏罗纪煤系岩石中新生矿物组合及煤层的高变质特征表明，煤系曾经历了绿片岩相区域变质作用的改造过程。这一改造过程可能起始于晚侏罗世早期，是燕山构造运动中期发生在地下5一l0km的区域变质作用。同期(或同地区)煤系灾害类型的差异起因于变质程度的不同。绿片岩相区域变质作用对岩石的“加工硬化”，是北京西山侏罗纪煤系岩石及煤层强度提高的主要原因，也是各井田采空区地质灾害特殊性的内因。     

硬石膏的高温相变和结构研究

本文研究了煅烧硬石膏的结构及硬石膏的高温相变。发现不同温度煅烧的硬石膏晶体结构及显微形态是相同的,仅存在不同程度的晶格畸变和晶粒尺寸的差异。硬石膏的高温相变是可逆相变,二者的转变温度略有差异。     

Gravity-Accommodated ‘Structural Wedges’ Along Thrust Ramps: A Kinematic Scheme of Gravitational Evolution

In active geodynamic areas, such as the Italian Southern Apennines, the specific structural conditions have a profound effect on both the superficial and deep gravitational evolution of slopes. Chain sectors commonly exhibit structural complexities due to the superimposition, in space and time, of diverse tectonic stress fields. In this paper, attention is focused on particular structural configurations, connected to the tectonic quaternary phases that have affected the Southern Apennines, constituting a peculiar type of lateral spread gravitational deformations – which have not been previously described.The study area is characterized by regional roughly east-verging overthrusts (Holigo–Miocene). Superimposed on these, is a system of transpressive thrust ramps (Quaternary), connected to the activity of strike-slip faults. The latest tectonic phase, still active, has been characterized by an extensional stress field, which has produced differentiated uplifts along normal faults. All these factors have encouraged an intense and widespread processes of erosion, the creation of considerable relief energy and the development of both superficial and deep gravitational phenomena.It has been ascertained that the late extensional phases favoured gravitational reactivations (with normal movements) along those most recent thrust ramps whose attitude was kinematically consistent with the main extension direction of the stress field. Such reactivations were accommodated by antithetic neo-formational structures – these are also characterized by normal kinematics. Overall, such mechanisms lead to the individuation of wedge-shaped rock portions delimited by the normally reactivated thrust ramps, on one side, and by the antithetic structures, on the other.Structural wedges represent a particular type of lateral spread phenomena. On the basis of their orientation with respect to the orography, three typical situations have been defined: (1) wedge perpendicular to the ridge; (2) wedge parallel to the ridge; (3) wedge oblique to the ridge.In this paper three Calabrian case studies, exemplifying the above-mentioned situations, are described. The same framework can be applied to sectors of chain with an analogous structural setting, for a better understanding of the kinematic features of observed gravitational phenomena.     

中国（东亚）地磁台链建设及其观测与国际地磁卫星台网

本文对中国（东亚）地磁台链的漠河,北京十三陵,三亚和南极长城站与中山站地磁台的建设及其观测研究做了较系统的总结,北京地磁中心,南极长城站与中山站地磁台是中国首批实现了数字化的地磁台,为中国地磁台链参加了国际地磁卫星（ＩＮＴＥＲＭＡＧＮＥＴ）奠定了基础,此外,本文对国际地磁卫星台网做了简单介绍。     

基于RNG湍流模型的双向泵站出水流道流动计算

低扬程双向流道泵站是我国独创的泵站型式,为深入了解其流道内流场特性,首次运用基于壁面律的RNG κ-ε的湍流模型对流道进行数值模拟。计算采用交错网格的有限体积法求解三维不可压Navier Stokes方程。提出优化出水流道的目标函数,并依据数值模拟结果,预测出水流道水力损失。根据经验公式计算的水力损失和预测的出水流道水力损失两者较为接近,表明通过采用基于壁面律的RNG湍流模型能较好地预测出水流道的水力性能。考虑壁面律的RNG湍流模型在泵站流道内特性数值模拟和外特性预测研究方面有较好的推广价值。     

钢模台车油缸式行走装置的设计

钢模台车传统的链条式行走装置易发生故障，而且经常耽误生产。利用油缸推动原理设计的油缸式行走装置，经在本溪市三架岭公路隧道的1年使用，证明其能够满足钢模台车行走的要求，未发生一次故障，说明油缸式行走装置是可行的，而且可靠性好。     

Scales and Sales: Changing Social and Spatial Fish Trading Networks in the Siiphandone Fishery, Lao PDR

The Siiphandone wetland in Khong district, Champasak province, Lao PDR, is one of the most important fisheries in the Mekong River basin. The resource, situated along the Laos‐Cambodia border, supports the livelihoods of around 65,000 inhabitants, mainly semi‐subsistence rice farmers or fishers. In January 2000, the provincial authority was given a special dispensation by the Lao government to allow the importation of Cambodian fish through Khong district, for export to Thailand. Previously, in large part due to the government's policy of food self‐sufficiency, the export of Lao fish was illegal. This paper examines how the implementation of this law has influenced existing legal and illegal trade networks from the Siiphandone fishery by comparing the findings of two studies, one conducted before and the other after the change in the law. In doing so, the transition of the fishery from a local, food‐important resource to an increasingly regional, market‐oriented resource is examined. Conclusions are drawn as to the impact this change has had on the livelihoods of fishers and traders involved in the fishery.