Rain-Flow and Reverse Rain-Flow Counting Method for the Compilation of Fatigue Load Spectrum

The rain-flow counting method is widely used to compile the fatigue load spectrum. The second stage counting of the rain-flow method is a troublesome process. In order to overcome this drawback, the rain-flow and reverse rain-flow counting method is proposed in this paper. In this counting method, the rule for counting of the rain-flow method is modified, so that the sequence of load-time need not be adjusted. This is a valid and useful method to count cycles and compile the load spectrum and it can be widely used in ocean engineering.     

反循环钻头引射孔倾角的仿真分析

介绍了引射装置的工作原理及其在反循环取心钻头体上的应用。运用FLUENT流体工程仿真软件对30°、45°、60°3种不同倾角引射孔内部形成的负压进行模拟,得到对应压力分布云图与数值,并根据所得结论制造出带有3种角度的引射装置。实验室试验数据与仿真结果比较,二者基本吻合。这说明运用仿真技术对引射结构进行优化设计是可靠的,并且过程简单,与经验法和试验法相比,其成本低,周期短,结论更准确。     

E1 Nio phenomenon in simple ocean data assimilation data

1 IntroductionIt is well known that interaction between the trop-ical ocean and atmosphere produces the largest inter-annual climate signal, El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO). In past decades many efforts have been madein understanding and predicting ENSO: such as the hy-pothesis of Bjerknes (1969) that ENSO arises as aself-sustained cycle in which SSTA in the Pacific O-cean causes the trade winds to strengthen or slackenand that this in turn drives the ocean circulation changesthat …     

福州地热XG3深井应用气举反循环施工技术

介绍了福州地热XG3深井采用气举反循环施工技术的实践过程和应用效果。     

福州江滨地区超高层建筑灌注桩成孔工艺分析

以福州江滨地区2个有代表性的超高层建筑桩基础工程实例为依据,通过无卡式冲击 正循环,旋挖 气举反循环,回转 泵吸反循环3种成孔工艺之间的比对,提出了在福州市江滨地区超大粒径厚层卵石与花岗岩地层灌注桩施工成孔工艺方面的一些见解,认为回转 泵吸反循环是较为可靠的工艺。     

川西龙门山中段彭州式铜矿区构造体系及与成矿的关系

川西龙门山中段彭州式铜矿形成于岛弧构造环境,其形成经历了晋宁期幔源火山沉积和褶皱变形、印支期-燕山期以来强烈的构造挤压和破坏。根据研究区地层形变的各种构造形迹,将区内构造体系划分为北北西向"多"字型和北东向华夏式两种构造体系。"多"字型构造体系是在晋宁期右行剪切作用下形成北东—北北东向的褶皱带,后经印支期-燕山期以来的左行旋转至北北西而保留至今,表现为黄水河群组成的复式背、向斜褶皱带;华夏式构造体系显示了印支期以来北东—南西方向强大的挤压,表现为前期的叠瓦状断裂和后期的"飞来峰"构造。两种构造体系共同控制着彭州式铜矿床的形成及改造。根据二者的平面展布形态、构造出露特征及其动力学标志,将其划分为包容和交接两种复合关系,即"多"字型构造体系包容于华夏式构造体系中,在研究区南部二者呈反接关系。     

Time-clustering of natural hazards

Natural hazards can be represented as point processes that are characterized by the occurrence times of the events and their intensities. It is crucial to investigate the correlation properties of these processes in order to gain a deep knowledge of the dynamical mechanisms which underlie hazardous phenomena. To this end, suitable methodologies must be developed to perform these correlation analyses on processes, which are described as point-like processes. The concept of time-clustering implies a time-structured organization of these processes, and is in direct opposition to the pure randomness typical of Poissonian processes in which the events are uncorrelated. This article reports several examples of natural hazards within the framework of time-clustering.     

山东平邑石膏矿矿难大口径救援钻孔施工技术

2015年“12.25”平邑矿难钻孔救援是我国首例通过钻孔救生的成功案例。由于地层不断坍塌变形,导致了复杂地层条件的产生,给救援钻孔的施工带来极大困难。针对这一特殊情况,采用空气反循环钻井工艺技术,处理钻孔事故时采用气举反循环工艺技术。总结了大口径钻孔施工经验,对今后施工大口径救援钻孔提出有待改进的问题和建议。     

气举反循环采矿方法单井试验及应用探讨

湖南道县一个矿区,铁锰矿体储量约2200万t。由于复杂的水文地质和工程地质条件,从20世纪70年代发现后,一直没有开采。笔者通过多年大直径工程井的实践经验,查阅国内外资料后,提出了钻井-气举反循环法试开采的方法,并在现场进行了单孔开采试验,获得了比较满意的效果。以该矿体Ⅱ号矿为例,介绍了钻井-气举反循环法采矿的适用条件、工艺过程以及试采情况,并就以后大面积开采提出了若干技术措施。     

El Ni(n)o phenomenon in simple ocean data assimilation data

To study how the air and sea interact with each other during El Nino/La Nina onsets, extended associate pattern analysis (EAPA) is adopted with the simple ocean data assimilation (SODA) data. The results show that as El Nino/La Nina' s parents their behaviors are quite different, there does not exist a relatively independent tropical atmosphere but does exist a relatively independent tropical Pacific Ocean because the air is heated from the bottom surface instead of the top surface and of much stronger baroclinic instability than the sea and has a very large inter-tropical convergence zone covering the most tropical Pacific Ocean. The idea that it is the wester burst and wind convergence, coming from middle latitudes directly that produce the seawater eastward movement and meridional convergence in the upper levels and result in the typical El Nino sea surface temperature warm signal is confirmed again.