三峡库区云阳-巫山段坡形因素对滑坡发育的贡献率研究

采用G IS技术对三峡库区云阳-巫山段的滑坡坡形进行量化采集,获得5类坡形模型。利用贡献率法,对坡形与滑坡发育、坡形与地层关系的贡献率分析,得出Ⅳ型坡对滑坡发育的贡献率高;Ⅲ型坡、Ⅴ型坡对滑坡发育的贡献率中等;Ⅱ型坡、Ⅰ型坡对滑坡发育的贡献率低。     

任意三角形毛细管中水力传导率与形状因子关系研究

孔隙级网络模型可以用简单几何体来代表真实的孔隙孔喉,以分析流体在这些简单几何体中的流动,具有重要的意义。利用有限元法对任意三角形截面管中的单相和油水两相流动的速度场进行了求解,后由速度场进一步计算出了水力传导率。研究了水力传导率与形状因子之间的关系,结果表明,单相流水力传导率与形状因子近似呈直线关系,而油水两相流时,水力传导率除与形状因子有关外,还随着角落半角和油水接触角的变化而变化。     

试论苏邦煤矿区逆冲断层之成因机制及其控煤作用

苏邦煤矿区F₁₀₆断层的成因机制及控煤作用,不同学者对其认识不一。从该断层的特征结合区域构造背景来分析,印支期的滑覆运动应是其主要成因。其后的早、晚期侧向挤压形成现在所看到的逆掩推覆构造。由于其上盘的含煤地层滑动系统经过多期次构造运动的破坏已失去勘探价值,而其下盘的含煤地层相对保存完整,应为主要勘探对象。同时,根据这一成因机制分析指出了外围及新区的找煤方向。      

福建东南沿海断裂格局分析

福建东南沿海断裂1 多发生于上地壳硅铝层 ,少数达硅镁层。呈直线形展布 ,倾角≥60°。驱动力主要来自碰撞 ,强烈片理化伴随矿物重结晶为其显著标志。主活动期早白垩世晚期 ,同位素年龄 86～ 93 Ma。早白垩世期间库拉板块向亚洲板块俯冲 ,位于东海与台湾海峡之间的闽江口 ,北纬 2 6°附近海岸线自北往南 ,由北北东向北东偏转 ,形成北西、北东、北北东、北西西交切格局 ,它们具有时间上一致性、空间上网络性和成因相关性等特征。早第三纪抬升剥蚀后 ,挽近时期有增无减。     

Random variation of fabric eigenvalues: implications for the use of a‐axis fabric data to differentiate till facies†

Fabric ‘shape’, based on the relative values of three eigenvalues calculated from fabric data, has been used to differentiate sediment facies and infer deformation histories. The eigenvalues are based on samples drawn from parent populations, and as such are subject to statistical variance due to sampling effects. In this paper, the degree of statistical variance in fabric data for two types of subglacial till from Breidamerkurjøkull, Iceland, is investigated using ‘bootstrapping’ techniques, in which empirical ‘confidence regions’ are built up by repeated resampling of the original data. The experiments show that, for each till type, the observed between‐sample variability in the fabrics lies within the boundaries associated with random variations, indicating that the observed range of fabric shapes within each till type is likely to be entirely the product of sampling effects. Differences in fabric shape between till types are generally greater than that associated with random variations, indicating that their fabric shape characteristics, as measured by eigenvalues, are significantly different. Nevertheless, the results suggest that great care should be exercised when using a‐axis fabric data to differentiate sedimentary facies, or to infer subtle differences in physical processes or conditions. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & ­Sons, Ltd.     

Implementation and testing of passive control devices based on shape memory alloys

Two families of passive seismic control devices exploiting the peculiar properties of shape memory alloy (SMA) kernel components have been implemented and tested within the MANSIDE project (Memory Alloys for New Seismic Isolation and Energy Dissipation Devices). They are special braces for framed structures and isolation devices for buildings and bridges. Their most important feature is their extreme versatility, i.e. the possibility to obtain a wide range of cyclic behaviour — from supplemental and fully re‐centring to highly dissipating — by simply varying the number and/or the characteristics of the SMA components. Other remarkable properties are their extraordinary fatigue resistance under large strain cycles and their great durability and reliability in the long run. In this paper, the working mechanisms of the SMA based devices are outlined and the experimental tests carried out to verify the above‐mentioned properties are extensively described. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Reverse tracing of precursors and earthquake precursors in Taiwan

In this paper, we investigate the precursors of large earthquakes in the eastern region of Taiwan by means of the reverse tracing of precursors. We discuss the parameters which are suitable for the seismic chains and intermedi- ate-term patterns in this region and obtain the threshold of the patterns. Applying the linear discriminate method to the intermediate-term patterns of seismic chains, we present an approach for exploring the precursors of large earthquakes. The results show that this method can reduce the false alarm rate for large earthquakes in this region, and the reverse tracing of precursors can be applied to the eastern region of Taiwan.     

川滇菱形块体中部现今构造应力场精确求解

自Global CMT和前人文献中搜索了1973～2015年间的34条中小地震震源机制解并进行分析,根据震级对每个地震震源机制解进行加权处理,采用网格搜索法反演了川滇菱形块体中部区域现今构造应力场。结果表明,川滇菱形块体中部区域整体以走滑断层类型为主,而西部呈现正断层类型;整个区域应力场受到近NW向挤压,NE向拉张,应力形因子为0.1。该区域应力场主张应力轴方向近水平,表明有横向的拉张作用。较低的应力形因子表明几乎处于NW-SE向和垂直向的双轴挤压及NE-SW向拉张的应力状态。这种应力状态来源于2种动力作用:(1)在青藏高原物质东流和华南块体阻挡作用下呈现NW-SE向挤压和NE-SW向拉张的走滑应力状态;(2)印度板块缅甸弧对该地区深部的NEE向低角度俯冲作用导致浅部地壳物质具有NEE-SWW向的拉张分量。这2种动力的共同作用导致该地区既出现走滑型地震,又出现正断型地震。     

怀来地震台线应变测项群井抽水干扰分析

怀来地震台伸缩仪观测曲线年变形态每年出现2次较大幅度的阶跃型上升,且变化幅度大小不同。对该地震台观测山洞周边4 km范围内抽水井的分布、2016-2017年季节性抽水时间、抽水量、群井开抽数量等进行调查,并与伸缩仪观测曲线异常变化进行对比分析,发现在时间及变化幅度上,二者同步性较好,分析认为形变观测的周期性大幅度上升变化应与观测山洞周边群井抽水有关,非地震前兆异常变化;并对抽水引起的形变观测机理进行初步分析,提出干扰消除方法。     

2018年永清MS 4.3地震前易县地震台形变异常分析

2018年2月12日18：31：36河北省廊坊市永清县M_S 4.3地震发生前,易县地震台SS-Y型铟瓦棒伸缩仪和DSQ型水管倾斜仪记录出现不同程度的异常,从异常形态起始及持续时间、异常幅度和发震时刻进行分析,发现二者相对应,认为此次异常应为永清地震震前异常。