地下开采条件下水资源流失机理与环境影响研究

通过剖析因地下采动造成阜新矿区自然村民井断水现象，对地下开采条件下水资源流失与恶化机理进行了分析研究。结果表明，即使采空区和受影响区处于不同的水文地质单元，因采动对隔水构造的破坏而形成地下水径流通道-空巷和裂隙，从而为水的流失创造了水文地质条件；地下水经过长时间聚集和物化作用发生水质恶化，失去使用价值。废弃关闭矿井水的资源化与利用问题，对水资源缺乏和煤炭资源枯竭、经济转型矿区具有现实的经济与社会意义。应该研究因抽取矿井水而引起的相关环境影响与灾害问题，防止出现二次破坏。     

GIS Predictive Model for Producing Hydrothermal Gold Potential Map Using Weights of Evidence Approach in Gengma Region, Sanjiang District, China

Gengma region, Sanjiang district is known to have some large-scale gold deposits. GIS predictive model for hydroghermal gold potential was carried out in this region using weights of evidence modeling technique. Datasets used include large-scale hydroghermal gold deposit records, geological, geophysical and remote sensing imagery. Based on the geological and mineral characteristics of areas with known gold occurrences in Sanjiang, several geological features were thought to be indicative of areas with potential for the occurrence of hydroghtermal gold deposits. Indicative features were extracted from geoexploration datasets for use as input in the predictive model. The features include host rock lithology, geologic structures, wallrock alteration and associated (volcanic-plutonic) igneous rocks. To determine which of the indicative geological features are important spatial predictors of area with potential for gold deposits, spatial analysis was done through the modeling method. The input maps were buffered and the optimum distance of spatial association for each geological feature was determined by calculating the contrast and studentized contrast. Five feature maps were converted to binary predictor patterns and used as evidential layers for predictive modeling. The binary patterns were integrated in two combinations, each of which consists of four patterns in order to avoid over prediction due to the effect of duplicate features in the two structural evidences. The two produced potential maps define almost similar favorable zones. Areas of intersections between these zones in the two potential maps placed the highest predictive favorable zones in the region.     

网络环境下的极地科学信息资源探索

互联网的极地科学信息资源主要包括极地搜索引擎、组织机构和研究项目、科学研究成果 (各种数据库、电子期刊和网上出版物 )。通过对极地科学网站信息的查询探索 ,揭示网络环境下极地科学信息资源的现状 ,提出建立网络极地信息资源导航的意义及实现途径     

RS GIS与计算机技术在土地资源综合调查中的应用及效果评述

采用RS、GIS和计算机技术3者相结合的方法，对广东省土地资源进行了首次综合调查。结果表明：该方法速度快、费用少、数据准确可靠，成果资料实现了现代化管理模式，调查结果能满足我国社会主义经济建设快速发展的需要。     

Comparison of Two Probability Distributions Used to Model Sizes of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Accumulations: Does the Tail Wag the Assessment?

Undiscovered oil and gas assessments are commonly reported as aggregate estimates of hydrocarbon volumes. Potential commercial value and discovery costs are, however, determined by accumulation size, so engineers, economists, decision makers, and sometimes policy analysts are most interested in projected discovery sizes. The lognormal and Pareto distributions have been used to model exploration target sizes. This note contrasts the outcomes of applying these alternative distributions to the play level assessments of the U.S. Geological Survey's 1995 National Oil and Gas Assessment. Using the same numbers of undiscovered accumulations and the same minimum, medium, and maximum size estimates, substitution of the shifted truncated lognormal distribution for the shifted truncated Pareto distribution reduced assessed undiscovered oil by 16% and gas by 15%. Nearly all of the volume differences resulted because the lognormal had fewer larger fields relative to the Pareto. The lognormal also resulted in a smaller number of small fields relative to the Pareto. For the Permian Basin case study presented here, reserve addition costs were 20% higher with the lognormal size assumption.     

异常评序方法的改进及其应用效果

从元素组合及其含义出发,来确定异常的分类和异常评序中各元素参与计算的方法。其优点是综合考虑到矿化遭剥蚀的程度,使得异常排序更合理。     

西部有色金属矿产资源潜力与矿业发展战略

通过近二十年来我国有色金属矿产资源与矿业生产态势的分析对比，发现我国西部有色金属矿产资源潜力较大，近期可利用资源多，蕴藏较集中，具有较好的资源优势和一定的有色金属工业基础。指出应着重采取资源的优化配置、生产要素的优化配置、技术创新型战略和资源节约型战略，以推动西部矿业发展。     

天然气水合物的资源环境效应

天然气水合物是一种具有巨大潜能的绿色能源 ,全世界储量接近 0 .84× 10 1 8m3。由于天然气水合物具有特殊亚稳定状态的成矿系统 ,,增温或减压会使捕获的气体释放 ,导致海底滑塌和滑坡等地质灾害 ,以及作为“温室气体”对人类生存环境的严峻挑战 ,因而其又具有环境效应。结合挪威的实例论述了天然气水合物的资源和环境双重效应     

水资源系统的点权核及层次结构

将点权核度与点权核的概念引入水资源系统。通过对节点根据功能的大小来赋权,以便从功能和结构两方面出发,对系统内各元素的重要性进行测度,从而找出系统的核心工程。并利用该定义,研究了系统的层次结构的确定方法,给出了建立系统层次结构的算法。