渗流场与应力场耦合分析在地质科学中的应用

论述了渗流场与应力场耦合分析的基本原理及其在石油勘探、成矿预测及斜坡稳定性评价中应用的理论基础和技术路线。     

陕西直罗油田长_2油层组储层特征

直罗油田主力产层为三叠系延长组长2油层组，储层以三角洲分支河道砂体为主，岩性主要为长石细砂岩，大量的自生矿物对原生孔隙产生了很大程度的破坏。较强的成岩后生作用使得储层以粒间溶孔及原生粒间余孔为主要储集空间。储层孔隙结构表现为以小孔隙、小喉道为主要特征，非均质性较强。物性分布主要与其在砂体中的分布部位有关。     

利用相关分析划分重力异常

本文从理论上对相关分析法区分重力异常的可行性进行了论述，并从一元线性回归方程着手，对大地水准面上的重力值与相应的地形高程作了相关分析，通过分析，认为在区域性小比例主均衡补偿基本完善的条件下，重力值与高程有极好的线性相关关系；当计算窗口较大时，地下的局部不均匀体，不足以破坏重力值与高程的相头发一，所以，在实际工作中，利用相关分析处理重力资料的叠加场，可以收到较好的效果，且方法简单易行。     

石油重磁资料处理解释系统在微机上的实现

微机技术的发展和石油重磁勘探的需要促使了石油重磁资料微机处理和解释系统的建立。系统由输入、输出辅助子系统、重磁场分离和转换子系统及五个反演解释子系统八部分组成。五个反演解释子系统针对重磁力方法在油气勘探中所能解决的地质问题的类型不同而设计。计算模块的选择注意到方法的有效和适应，地球物理综合解释的需要及平面与剖面、定量正演与反演相结合的重要性。实际应用例子说明系统建立的成功和有效     

模拟退火剩余静校正的一步算法

当地震资料的剩余静校正量大、信噪比低时，利用传统的线性反演方法不能有效地拾取静校正量。本文介绍一种非线性反演方法（一步模拟退火法）来估算炮点和检波点的剩余静校正量。通过对合成地震记录的试算表明，该算法可获得近似于真实的剩余静校正量。     

浅海油气地球化学勘查前景

在我国,浅海油气地球化学勘查还刚刚开始,规模较小,但前景广阔。本文根据我们在东海平湖地区的实践,较系统地介绍了浅海油气地球化学勘查的发展概况、方法技术及初步成果,并简要地讨论了其影响因素及推断解释方面的有关问题。     

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Organic Matter from Petroleum Source Rocks and Its Implications

Organic matter was experimentally extracted by supercritical fluids(CO2 1% isopropanol)from petroleum source rocks of different thermo-maturities at different buried depths in the same stratigraphic unit in the Dongying Basin.The results show that supercritical fluid extraction(SFE)is more effective than Soxhlet extraction(SE),with higher amounts and greater varieties of hydrocarbons and soluble organic matter becoming extractive.The supercritical CO2 extraction is therefore considered more valuable in evaluation of petroleum source rocks and oil resources,particularly those of immature types.     

伊通地堑下第三系原油和生油岩中芳构化五环三萜及其地球化学意义

详细研究了吉林伊通地堑下第三系生油岩和原油中的芳烃生物标志物，包括常规的多环芳烃，以及丰富的来源于高等植物的芳香二萜和芳构化的五环三萜。目前，原油中芳构化五环三萜类生物类生物标志物国内外均尚报道极少。还详细讨论了利用原油中最新发现的芳构化五环三萜在解决本区生物输入，油源对比以及石油成因等方面的重要意义。     

Coal-generated oil in Tuha Basin

The Turpan-Harmi (abbreviated to Tuha below) Basin is a typical basin of coal-generated oil accumulation in China. The Middle-Lower Jurassic coal measures are considered the main source beds. Hence, both desmocollinite and suberinite are considered the contributors for coal-generated oil. Principal geochemical features of the crude oil in the Tuha Basin are rich in alkanes (70%—80%), high pristane/phytane ratio (6—8), abundant heavy carbon isotope (δ¹³C PDB= -26%–-23%) and absolute GP sterane predominance. The hydrocarbon generation process from the coal series is characterized by multistages, early generation and early expulsion.     

Organism relics or kerogens in oils as oil-source rock correlation indicator

Organism relics or kerogens in oils are first obsenred by a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The complexes of kerogens in oils are characterized by the presence of a great variety of microfossils or macerals. These kerogens in oils are mainly the residues of the original organic substances from which oil formed, and minor kerogens from enclosing rocks enter the oils, therefore, the components and types of the kerogens in crude oils can serve as an indirect indicator of oil-source rock correlation. This method was applied to Jurassic oils in the Junggar Basin and the Turpan-Hami Basin, and there are two types of the kerogens in oils: one containing a lot of macerals from terrestrial plants may derive from coals, and the other, characterized by a high content of microscopic algae, fungus spores and Acritarch, may originate from Permian organic matter. In addition, the reflectance of the vitrodetrinites in oils can be used as an indicator of oil-source rock correlation.