Main models and distribution patterns of gas reservoirs in large-medium gas fields of China

Based on characteristics and trap types of gas reservoirs in large and medium gas fields in China, 4 gas reservoir models have been established:(i) structural trap gas reservoir model I, formed earlier than or simutaneously with generating of gases; (ii) structural trap gas reservoir model II, formed later than generating of gases; (iii) fossil weathered residuum gas reservoir model; and (iV) mud diapir abnormal temperature and pressure gas reservoir model. Distribution patterns of large-medium gas fields are described with the concept of “sealed compartment”. It is concluded that the inner-compartment area, marginal area of the compartment and the areas between two overlapped sealed compartments are the most favourable areas for discovering large-medium gas fields. Project supported by the “85–102” Chinese National Key Science and Technology Project.     

中国侏罗系煤成油若干问题

在阐述了煤成油的概念，总结和评述了煤生油显微组分，生油门限，生油范围和生油高峰等问题后，本文通过吐哈等盆地侏罗系煤生油显微组分组成特征，可溶有机质演化，成熟度和有机质丰度，油源及原油成熟度对比；含煤岩系中煤层和泥岩的厚度及总量和煤及泥岩最高沥青和总烃转化率的对比； 其族组成和煤成原油的族组成特征的对比，提出了中国侏罗系煤成油盆地中泥岩比煤层对煤成油田形成有大的贡献看法。     

Experimental research on reservoir sensitivity to stress and impacts on productivity in Kela 2 Gas Field

Kela 2 Gas Field, with high formation pressure (74.35MPa), high pressure coefficient (2.022) and difficulty of potential test and evaluation, is the largest integrated proved dry gas reservoir in China so far and the principal source for West-East Gas Development Project. In order to correctly evaluate the elastic-plastic deformation of rocks caused by the pressure decline during production, some researches, as the experiment on reservoir sensitivity to stress of gas filed with abnormal high pressure, are made. By testing the rock mechanic properties, porosities and permeabilities at different temperature and pressure of 342 core samples from 5 wells in this area, the variations of petro-physical properties at changing pressure are analyzed, and the applicable inspection relationship is concluded. The average productivity curve with the reservoir sensitivity to stress is plotted on the basis of the research, integrated with the field-wide productivity equation. The knowledge lays a foundation for the gas well productivity evaluation in the field and the gas field development plan, and provides effective techniques and measures for basic research on the development of similar gas fields.     

碳酸盐岩储层缝洞发育带预测:以塔河油田为例

塔河油田碳酸盐岩为古岩溶喀斯特化与受后期构造叠置改造的孔、洞、缝等组成的非均质储层,储层具有规模不同、空间形态不规则、充填性质各异的复杂组合特征以此为对象通过分解地震波场不同特征信号,开发了一系列针对不同储层目标的叠前叠后地震预测技术,不同特征地震预测结果经综合叠置验证分析,实现了残丘体上叠置的孔、洞、缝及古地貌的精细刻画及表征,展示了缝洞空间纵横交错的叠置关系,提高了复杂储层空间展布规律的认识及精确定位。     

鄂尔多斯盆地北部黄土沙漠区隐蔽薄气层预测

长庆油田公司针对黄土沙漠区低孔、低渗、薄气藏的地震目标处理,经过多年的探索与实践,已形成了一套适合该类气藏特点的储层横向预测技术。在榆林、乌审旗、苏里格庙和神木等地区的上古生界天然气勘探、开发阶段取得了显著效果,使长庆油田上古生界天然气储量连续八年保持稳定增长。本文详细剖析了该技术的应用效果及经验。     

黄金带油田非均质储层特征及有利目标预测

为了加深对黄金带复杂断块油田进一步开发，针对该区断层复杂、储层变化大、油水关系复杂等特征，笔者综合运用岩心、分析化验及录井、测井资料，对其沉积特征、储层岩性、物性和非均质性进行详细研究。以JASON软件为平台，对含油砂体进行了追踪和预测，并在有利区提出井位部署，为该区的进一步开发提供了地质依据。     

发现过程模型法对大港陆地探区油气资源的评价

对现有油气资源基本评价方法的原理、优缺点、适应性做了分析总结，重点剖析了在油藏总体分布服从帕莱托分布基础上建立起来的发现过程模型法．同时根据已建立的油气藏总体预测模型，对符合发现过程模型的大港陆地古近系成藏体系进行了油气资源评价。     

成像测井技术在碳酸盐岩水平井中的应用

塔里木盆地北部地区碳酸盐岩油藏储层，非均质性较强，只依靠常规测井判断碳酸盐岩裂缝、溶孔、溶洞很困难．利用地层微电阻率扫描成像(FMI)，对碳酸盐岩水平井储层进行定性分析、定量解释，并能准确识别出碳酸盐岩目的层裂缝的性质、大小、开度、溶蚀孔洞原生孔隙、次生孔隙的发育情况等．同时并利用测试、酸压资料验证了使用成像测井判断裂缝的有效性．     

大连市滨海河谷地下水资源开发利用的可行性

大连市是我国严重缺水地区之一 ,至 2 0 0 5年城市缺水为 110 4 2 .5× 10 4m3 ,占需水量的 17.1% ,其中大连城区 (金州以南地区 )缺水 9890× 10 4m3 ,占缺水量的 89.6 %。开发利用滨海河谷地下水资源 ,建立滨海河谷型地下水库 ,不仅可以治理大连地区严重的海水入侵问题 ,增加水资源量 ,满足当地农业及生活用水 ,同时可弥补城市供水的不足。根据前人工作成果分析及野外实地勘查 ,大连市适于建设河谷型地下水库的滨海河谷有 2 2条 ,建成后的总库容量 10 36 0 2 .9× 10 4m3 ,开采资源量 2 5 76 6 .88× 10 4m3 ,可增加开采资源量 12 5 4 2 .4 5× 10 4m3 。     

水库汛期限制水位控制理论与观念的更新探讨

传统的水库汛限水位的控制,只利用了洪水的统计信息,使水库在汛期要时刻预防设计与校核洪水事件的发生,致使一些水库在汛期不敢蓄水而汛后又无水可蓄,造成洪水资源的浪费。提出水库汛限水位动态控制的新理念及其综合推理模式,适应当前预报技术的发展水平,考虑降雨径流洪水预报与一定时间内的短期降雨预报,排除不可能发生的洪水事件,预报可能发生的洪水,实施水库汛限水位的动态控制。但预报不可避免地存在误差,当小概率预报误差事件发生时,仍可采取弥补措施以确保大坝的防洪安全。