Numerical Calculation of Equivalent Cell Permeability Tensors for General Quadrilateral Control Volumes

A new method for upscaling fine scale permeability fields to general quadrilateral-shaped coarse cells is presented. The procedure, referred to as the conforming scale up method, applies a triangle-based finite element technique, capable of accurately resolving both the coarse cell geometry and the subgrid heterogeneity, to the solution of the local fine scale problem. An appropriate averaging of this solution provides the equivalent permeability tensor for the coarse scale quadrilateral cell. The general level of accuracy of the technique is demonstrated through application to a number of flow problems. The real strength of the conforming scale up method is demonstrated when the method is applied in conjunction with a flow-based gridding technique. In this case, the approach is shown to provide results that are significantly more accurate than those obtained using standard techniques.     

低电阻率油气层物理参数变化机理研究

研究了淡水环境下富含粘土矿物、细颗粒砂岩低电阻率油气层. 分析了粘土的附加导电性,认为粘土质量百分数高且富含伊利石和蒙脱石的地层中,若地层水质量浓度小于15g/L等效NaCl盐溶液时,粘土的附加导电性是造成油气层电阻率低的首要原因. 同时分析了细颗粒、粘土质量百分数不高的储层,高的毛细管压力使束缚水饱和度很高,同样能形成低电阻率油气层. 储层中粘土质量百分数的多少对储层岩石电性特征(I-Sw曲线形态)有重要影响,可用于指导测井资料解释模型的选择.     

Common-Reflection-Surface Stack for Converted Waves

The finite-offset (FO) common-reflection-surface (CRS) stack has been shown to be able to handle not only P-P or S-S but also arbitrarily converted reflections. It can provide different stack sections such as common-offset (CO), common-midpoint (CMP) and common-shot (CS) sections with significantly increased signal-to-noise ratio from the multi-coverage pre-stack seismic data in a data-driven way. It is our purpose in this paper to demonstrate the performance of the FO CRS stack on data involving converted waves in inhomogeneous layered media. In order to do this we apply the FO CRS stack for common-offset to a synthetic seismic data set involving P-P as well as P-S converted primary reflections. We show that the FO CRS stack yields convincing improvement of the image quality in the presence of noisy data and successfully extracts kinematic wavefield attributes useful for further analyses. The extracted emergence angle information is used to achieve a complete separation of the wavefield into its P-P and P-S wave components, given the FO CRS stacked horizontal and vertical component sections.     

克孜尔水库大坝的面波检测

1999年 3月 15日克孜尔地震之后对克孜尔水库坝体出现的裂缝进行了面波勘探。首先介绍了面波勘探法的基本原理 ,然后通过典型剖面检测与资料处理找出异常区、带并进行解释。试验表明面波勘探法适用于克孜尔水库大坝监测     

Modeling of Wide-Angle Seismic Attributes Using the Gaussian Beam Method

In this study, observed seismic attributes from shot gather 11 of the SAREX experiment are used to derive a preliminary velocity and attenuation model for the northern end of the profile in southern Alberta. Shot gather 11 was selected because of its prominent Pn arrivals and good signal to noise ratio. The 2-D Gaussian beam method was used to perform the modeling of the seismic attributes including travel times, peak envelope amplitudes and pulse instantaneous frequencies for selected phases. The preliminary model was obtained from the seismic attributes from shot gather 11 starting from prior tomographic results. The amplitudes and instantaneous frequencies were used to constrain the velocity and attenuation structure, with the amplitudes being more sensitive to the velocity gradients and the instantaneous frequencies more sensitive to the attenuation structure. The resulting velocity model has a velocity discontinuity between the upper and lower crust, and lower velocity gradients in the upper and lower crust compared to earlier studies. The attenuation model has Q _p ^-1 values between 0.011 and 0.004 in the upper crust, 0.0019 in the lower crust and a laterally variable Q _p ^-1 in the upper mantle. The Q _p ^-1 values are similar to those found in Archean terranes from other studies. Although the results from a single gather are non-unique, the initial model derived here provides a self-consistent starting point for a more complete seismic attribute inversion for the velocity and attenuation structure.     

三峡库岸城区滑坡治理与沿江公路建设一体化模式--以重庆万州清泉路滑坡为例

三峡库岸城区滑坡90%属于由第四纪松散土体组成的散体滑坡,滑坡区属于城区重要组成部分,降雨及三峡库水位降落是此类滑坡孕发的动力因素。本文以重庆万州清泉路滑坡为例,基于库岸城区滑坡防治原则,构建了实用的滑坡治理与沿江路建设一体化模式,推导了抗滑桩的内力计算方法;详细分析了一体化模式的结构组成及受力特性。研究成果对于三峡库区城区滑坡的治理与开发利用具有较强的指导借鉴作用。     

贵州地区油气勘探反思

文章简单回顾了贵州40余年油气勘探历史，较客观地评价了贵州地区油气地质条件，提出了符合贵州石油地质条件的油气勘探方针，指出贵州油气勘探要想有所突破应注重研究油气成藏机制，勘探重点应放在浅层气藏成藏领域上。     

平湖油气田凝析油回注油藏对开发效果影响机理研究

凝析油回注油藏是平湖油气田开发过程中为应对海底输油管线而采取的一种工程应急措施。凝析油回注油藏会引起油层内流体渗流特征的变化，并进而影响油井恢复生产后的开发指标。从室内物理模拟实验和油藏数值模拟两方面开展凝析油回注油藏的影响效果分析，并根据研究结果提出合理的回注方式，不仅从机理上为解决海上油气田开发工程中所遇类似突发事件的处理提供了依据，而且在物理模拟实验和油藏数值模拟研究相结合对油藏基础研究方面提供一些重要的结论。     

伊犁盆地石炭系—二叠系含油气性特征

伊犁盆地是在前震旦系基础上发展形成的双层结构盆地，即内裂谷盆地—山间陆相盆地。经多次造陆运动后，盆地内普遍缺失震旦系、下古生界、泥盆系、下三叠统和白垩系。盆地内的生油层主要为海相石炭系阿克沙克组、也列莫顿组，陆相二叠系院山萨依组、塔姆其萨依组。生油中心主要位于伊什基里克山—脱勒斯拜克山以北的湖盆区内。储层主要以二叠系、三叠系和保罗系的碎屑岩为主。伊犁盆地虽然经历了多期构造运动的影响，地质结构更加复杂，沉积中心的不断西移，但仍然在中新生代地层的地表及井下发现大量油气显示，表明该盆地具备生储油能力。该盆地有利与不利因素并存，对盆地的进一步勘探应加强基础研究工作，以避免盲目投入。     

金沙江某水电站库区泥石流地质灾害研究

金沙江是我国水能资源最为丰富的江河之一，但在金沙江上修建水库，泥石流是经常遇到的地质灾害问题。文章在详细调查了库区地层岩性、构造、滑坡的前提下，结合金沙江某水库区泥石流发育与降雨、地层岩性、构造、滑坡及地形地貌的关系深入探讨了库区泥石流的类型、规模、特征及发育阶段。研究表明：(1)本库区泥石流活动历史久远，泥石流地质灾害活跃，在部分泥石流地质灾害衰退的同时，更多的泥石流沟在逐步形成：(2)水库蓄水，减小了泥石流沟的比降，会在一定程度上降低泥石流的活动性及破坏能力；(3)泥石流对水库的影响主要为输送泥沙，造成水库淤积。