新疆西准噶尔布龙果尔古油藏的发现及其石油地质意义

本文记述了首次在西准噶尔布龙果尔地区发现的古油藏基本地质情况,探讨古油藏产出的地质层位及时代归属,对古油藏油源问题进行了初步分析,在此基础上提出古油藏成藏预测模式.认为上古生界古油藏所在的和布克河组一段地质时代为晚泥盆世法门期,中生界古油藏产出层位为下侏罗统八道湾组;推断和布克河组古油藏油源可能来自中泥盆统呼吉尔斯特组...     

Efficient conceptual model for simulating the effect of aquifer heterogeneity on natural groundwater discharge to rivers

When linearity can be assumed (linear response of heads to stresses), stream–aquifer flow exchange can be simulated as the drainage of a number of independent linear reservoirs. This conceptual model, which can be mathematically deduced in a univocal way from an eigenvalue solution of the linear groundwater flow problem, facilitates the understanding of the physical phenomenon and the analysis of influencing factors. The number of reservoirs required to simulate stream depletion in some ideal homogeneous cases of stream–aquifer connection was analyzed in detail in a previous investigation using analytical eigenvalue solutions [16]. However, most aquifers are heterogeneous in nature and numerical solutions must be employed to analyze whether they could also be simulated using few reservoirs. This paper presents a stochastic analysis of the influence of heterogeneity on the simulation of natural groundwater discharges in aquifers connected to rivers, as a series of linear reservoirs. A Monte-Carlo approach was employed to perform this study. The results show that, on a monthly time scale, many cases (even heterogeneous aquifers) can be simulated using just a few reservoirs with sufficient accuracy and at minimum computational cost. Therefore, this modeling technique can be useful to efficiently simulate the integrated management of complex water resources systems at the basin scale (with many aquifers, reservoirs, demands, etc.) that need to simultaneously consider surface and groundwater flow and stream–aquifer interaction.     

Study on the S-wave Splitting Characteristics in the Longtan Reservoir Area,Guangxi,China

In this paper,the shear wave splitting features of the Longtan reservoir area are studied by adopting the traditional cross-correlation coefficient method and polarization analysis,using the data recorded by the seismic network founded by a project under the National Science and Technology Pillar Program from April 2009 to April 2010.We found that most of polarization directions at seismic stations are consistent with the direction of the overall regional stress field,but local structures and faults may con...     

The Focal Mechanism and Characteristic of Stress Field in the Zipingpu Area before the M_S8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake

Based on seismic wave records of the Chengdu digital seismic network and Zipingpu reservoir digital seismic network from August 16,2004 to May 12,2008 when the Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake occurred,the parameters of focal mechanisms of 486 earthquakes with magnitude larger than M1.6 in the Zipingpu reservoir area were calculated using amplitude ratio method,meanwhile the temporal-spatial variation characteristics of mechanisms and stress field were analyzed based on these parameters.Results show a low ratio of thrust earthquakes and an increased number of strike-slip earthquakes in the reservoir water area in the period from 2006 to 2008.While in the areas far from the reservoir waterfront,the thrust earthquakes took up a high proportion and the strike-slip ones did not increase.The direction of mean principal compressive stress field was deflected and disturbed differently in each area before the Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake.     

Seismic characterization of reservoirs with multiple fracture sets using velocity and attenuation anisotropy data

Knowledge about the spatial distribution of the fracture density and the azimuthal fracture orientation can greatly help in optimizing production from fractured reservoirs. Frequency-dependent seismic velocity and attenuation anisotropy data contain information about the fractures present in the reservoir. In this study, we use the measurements of velocity and attenuation anisotropy data corresponding to different seismic frequencies and azimuths to infer information about the multiple fracture sets present in the reservoir. We consider a reservoir model with two sets of vertical fractures characterized by unknown azimuthal fracture orientations and fracture densities. Frequency-dependent seismic velocity and attenuation anisotropy data is computed using the effective viscoelastic stiffness tensor and solving the Christoffel equation. A Bayesian inversion method is then applied to measurements of velocity and attenuation anisotropy data corresponding to different seismic frequencies and azimuth to estimate the azimuthal fracture orientations and the fracture densities, as well as their uncertainties. Our numerical examples suggest that velocity anisotropy data alone cannot recover the unknown fracture parameters. However, an improved estimation of the unknown fracture parameters can be obtained by joint inversion of velocity and attenuation anisotropy data.     

三峡库首区非构造型水库地震的烈度衰减

非构造型水库地震具有震级小、震源浅、烈度高的特点,研究其烈度衰减对库区地震地质灾害的预测与防治具有重要的意义。根据三峡库首区近年地震实地科考原始烈度资料,选择椭圆衰减模型并对其进行二元回归分析,得到非构造型水库地震的烈度衰减关系。并与原有构造型水库地震烈度衰减关系进行比较。结果可供库区地震危险性分析与地震小区划使用。     

S波分裂在皖北地震中的研究应用

利用S波分裂方法的基本理论及计算方法,重点研究了皖北地区具有代表性的利辛张村附近周边地区25 km内,自1999年蒙城地震台数字化测震仪器正式记录以来至2010年9月,ML2.0及以上地方震的单台地震波形,利用有关S波分裂方法进行处理,得到该地区不同时段的S波的偏振方向及延迟时间,为皖北地区地震活动性研究及应力活动状态...     

新丰江水库地震序列的分段研究

从新丰江水库地震序列分段、地震序列参数统计、地震序列分段与库水位关系等方面探讨新丰江地区的地震特征.结果表明:①水库地震全序列低b值(≤0.9)时段与大区域地震活动的增强存在一定的相关性,余震活动在一定程度上具有华南地区地震活动“窗口”的作用.②水库地震晚期余震释放阶段55个ML≥3.5级地震分序列研究显示,1975年...     

克孜尔水库跨断层形变年变特征分析

通过对克孜尔水库跨断层形变特征进行分析,结果显示:①垂直形变每年3～4月、10～11月分别为峰、谷值时间;水平形变每年6～7月、1月分别为峰、谷值时间.②垂直变形的峰-谷时间间隔在1997年之前多为5～8个月,1998年后多为1～3个月;谷-峰值时间间隔在1997年前多为4～7个月,1998年后多在8～11个月.水平形...     

2008年三峡水库入库洪水特点与预报效果评价

对2008年三峡水库入库洪水特点进行分析,并针对场次洪水和连续自动预报两种方式进行预报误差统计,两种方式预报结果都表明2008年实时联机水文预报精度达到水文情报预报规范的甲级标准,同时发现未来降雨对三峡水库入库预报精度影响较大,部分场次洪水结合(不结合)未来降雨的预报精度差别很大,且随着预见期增长,预报误差也加大。