经验模态分解法提取地磁脉动

选取磁通门磁力仪数据,利用经验模态分解法提取地磁脉动,并与传统小波分解法提取的地磁脉动方法作对比,分析子午链区域几个地磁台站提取的地磁脉动的纬度效应和经度效应。结果表明,经验模态分解法提取的地磁脉动形态清晰,易于辨识,与小波法相比,不用选择基函数,更适合于分析非稳态信号。     

经验模态分解法在安徽省南部地下流体分析中的应用

首次引进经验模态分解法（EMD）对安徽省南部地下流体进行分析。通过对地下流体数据的分解与重构,发现该方法能提取不同尺度的水位动态,效果较好。通过对震例的总结发现：显著地震前、后安徽省南部地下流体EMD重构结果均出现异常,且存在某些地震前兆敏感点。同时,还对地震前地下流体的变化原因进行了初步分析。     

岩爆、冲击地压的定义、机制、分类及其定量预测模型

引述了若干国际权威学者关于岩爆的机制和定义的论述,在此基础上,依据岩爆发生的不同机制,将岩爆分为断层滑移或者剪切断裂所导致的断裂滑移型和岩石破坏导致的应变型岩爆,并结合事故案例,分析了应变型和滑移型两类岩爆及冲击地压的发生机制和特点。在机制分析的基础上,介绍了岩（煤）柱应变型岩爆和围岩应变型岩爆以及断裂滑移型岩爆定量预测的研究成果,其中,包括作者利用非欧几何模型研究非协调变形影响后对应变型岩爆进行了定量预测和数值模拟的新研究成果。     

珠江三角洲城市空间形态及其演化机制对比

改革开放以来,珠江三角洲地区的经济增长和城市空间形态的演变引人注目。利用RS与GIS技术方法,并结合经济、政治、规划等因素,对比回顾了改革开放30年来珠江三角洲六大城市——广州、深圳、佛山、东莞、中山和珠海城市形态的时空演化。研究发现,1979-2008年间,各主要城市在各自的地理条件和制度实践的基础上,演变出不同的空间形态。广州、深圳和珠海是自上而下的发展管治模式,其城市用地随着产业发展和优化而扩张并调整,但不同的城市发展政策造成了各异的空间形态;佛山、东莞和中山是自下而上的发展管治模式,空间形态总体上较为分散破碎,并在不同地理区位呈现不同程度的空间联系。     

中国地区下垫面特征对强对流天气影响研究进展

下垫面所具有的非均匀性特征会对强对流天气产生很大的影响作用,这种影响主要通过改变边界层热力、动力过程及地气之间的热量输送与水分循环,进而改变大气的温湿结构和垂直运动来实现。该文主要介绍利用陆面模式研究下垫面特征的成果,并且讨论不同类型下垫面,包括自然形成的地表特征、植被覆盖及城市化作用等对强对流天气影响的研究成果,重点分析中国地区,就陆面模式的模拟方法和下垫面变化时所产生的问题进行深入的探讨。     

Interannual Variability of Sea Surface Temperature in the Northern Indian Ocean Associated with ENSO and IOD

The Northern Indian Ocean(NIO) sea surface temperature(SST) warming,associated with the El Ni o/Southern Oscillations(ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD) mode,is investigated using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) monthly data for the period 1979 2010.Statistical analyses are used to identify respective contribution from ENSO and IOD.The results indicate that the first NIO SST warming in September November is associated with an IOD event,while the second NIO SST warming in spring-summer following the mature phase of ENSO is associated with an ENSO event.In the year that IOD co-occurred with ENSO,NIO SST warms twice,rising in the ENSO developing year and decay year.Both shortwave radiation and latent heat flux contribute to the NIO SST variation.The change in shortwave radiation is due to the change in cloudiness.A cloud-SST feedback plays an important role in NIO SST warming.The latent heat flux is related to the change in monsoonal wind.In the first NIO warming,the SST anomaly is mainly due to the change in the latent heat flux.In the second NIO warming,both factors are important.     

STUDY ON THE MAIN CLIMATE MODES OF SHANDONG PRECIPITATION AND THEIR RELATIONS WITH THE EAST ASIAN WESTERLY JET

Summer precipitation patterns of Shandong Province are relatively independent with regard to the whole eastern China region.To study the rules and causes of precipitation variations,three main climate modes-on the annual,seasonal,and climatic intra-seasonal oscillation(CISO) scales-are extracted using a harmonic analysis method based on daily precipitation of Shandong during 1965-2009 and multi-year averaged pentad precipitation at 722 stations in China during 1971-2000.Among the three precipitation climate modes,the annual mode is closely related to the annual cycle of Earth-Atmosphere thermal system,which is characterized by the periodic dry and wet seasons.The seasonal mode reflects the monsoon effect on precipitation and the main flood season’s contribution to annual precipitation variations.As an important climatic signal,the CISO mode is more evident during summer monsoon.The gradual modulations of the CISO mode,seasonal mode,and annual mode control the annual variation of precipitation.To study the relationship between precipitation climate modes and atmospheric circulations,an East Asian Westerly Jet Index(EAWJI) is defined in this paper.It is revealed that precipitation of Shandong is closely related to EAWJI in all climate modes.A wet or dry phase of each climate mode corresponds to a specific atmospheric circulation pattern.The phase of the annual mode is reverse to that of EAWJI.During the wet phase of the seasonal mode(weak phase of EAWJI),the atmospheric circulation in and around Shandong is characterized by upper-level divergence and low-level convergence.A reversed atmospheric circulation exists for the dry phase(strong phase for EAWJI).In the summer wet phase of CISO mode(strong phase of EAWJI),Shandong is controlled by upper-level divergence and low-level convergence.Again,the dry phase is corresponding to a reversed circulation structure.The methodology employed in this research,i.e.studying the precipitation climatic variations in terms of independent components of different temporal scales,provides a new approach for annual and seasonal precipitation prediction.     

茂兰喀斯特自然保护区聚落空间分布与演变特点

探讨自然保护区聚落空间分布与演变特点,对认识自然保护地区人地关系动态变化具有重要意义。本文采用1963年到2015年的高分辨率影像和地形图数据,研究了茂兰保护区聚落空间分布与动态演变。结果表明:（1）茂兰自然保护区的聚落集中分布在4个实验区,从1963年到2015年,实验区聚落一直呈增加趋势,2005年是聚落集聚程度经历了减弱再到增加过程的拐点;（2）在聚落规模增加的同时,聚落的功能也在发生着变化,形成了以旅游业为主的新型生态旅游型聚落;（3）保护区峰丛洼地中聚落面积与耕地面积二者呈显著的正相关,保护区聚落密度低、聚耕比小是保护区植被得以较完整保存的根本原因。研究结果有助于为查清茂兰自然保护地区人-地关系动态状况、为连片峰丛洼地区的人-地关系优化调控提供参考。      

安徽五河金矿整装勘查的重要发现及其地质意义

为实现覆盖区找矿新突破,通过建立适合郯庐断裂体系的继承性断裂控矿模式和覆盖区综合找矿模式,开展识别覆盖区薄层良导体的方法实验,研究安徽五河金矿整装勘查区的成矿及控矿规律。结果表明: NNE—NE向断裂是五河金矿整装勘查区的主要控矿构造,矿体空间展布与磁异常形态具有较好的对应性。结合覆盖区“一选三定四阶段反复循环”的综合找矿模式及低频磁电勘探法、地-井充电法和正反向电位法等找矿新方法,该区取得了较好的找矿效果。利用磁异常梯级带可寻找郯庐断裂带次级断裂,即控矿断裂,利用上述3种找矿新方法可准确圈定矿体位置,最终在五河金矿整装勘查区新发现了2处金多金属矿产地。以上控矿、综合找矿模式及找矿新方法对郯庐断裂体系及覆盖区找矿具有指导意义。     

顾及共模误差的西南极GPS坐标时间序列噪声分析

使用Bernese 5.2软件双差定位程序处理西南极区域24个GPS基准站9 a的观测资料,获得各站单日解坐标时间序列.利用主分量分析法和独立分析法对其进行空间滤波,对比分析2种方法的滤波效果,然后采用极大似然估计法分析滤波前后各站时间序列的噪声特征,建立最优噪声模型,并分析共模误差对测站速度的影响.结果表明,2种方法...