全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4394篇 |
免费 | 664篇 |
国内免费 | 1201篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 88篇 |
大气科学 | 250篇 |
地球物理 | 938篇 |
地质学 | 3042篇 |
海洋学 | 718篇 |
天文学 | 669篇 |
综合类 | 183篇 |
自然地理 | 371篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 32篇 |
2023年 | 72篇 |
2022年 | 132篇 |
2021年 | 158篇 |
2020年 | 194篇 |
2019年 | 209篇 |
2018年 | 181篇 |
2017年 | 185篇 |
2016年 | 223篇 |
2015年 | 225篇 |
2014年 | 227篇 |
2013年 | 241篇 |
2012年 | 252篇 |
2011年 | 251篇 |
2010年 | 203篇 |
2009年 | 309篇 |
2008年 | 311篇 |
2007年 | 313篇 |
2006年 | 296篇 |
2005年 | 294篇 |
2004年 | 242篇 |
2003年 | 217篇 |
2002年 | 193篇 |
2001年 | 179篇 |
2000年 | 143篇 |
1999年 | 169篇 |
1998年 | 145篇 |
1997年 | 108篇 |
1996年 | 102篇 |
1995年 | 83篇 |
1994年 | 72篇 |
1993年 | 61篇 |
1992年 | 32篇 |
1991年 | 33篇 |
1990年 | 32篇 |
1989年 | 54篇 |
1988年 | 18篇 |
1987年 | 21篇 |
1986年 | 14篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有6259条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
81.
The added mass of hull section shapes must be known, in order to carry out any studies of ship motions, which may be associated with either seakeeping or manoeuvring. Determination of the added mass in deep water can involve conformal mapping or surface singularity distributions. However, in shallow water the problem of determining the added mass is made more difficult by the proximity of the seabed. In this paper, three approaches to the problem of finding the added mass of semi-circular sections are explored. Although there is no known exact solution to this problem, the relationships given by the three methods are compared and the approximate nature of the solutions is examined. The first method is a series solution, which is taken here to include more terms than are normally given in the existing literature. The other two solutions are considered to be new, and so are given in some mathematical detail. 相似文献
82.
四川汶川大地震的构造分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
2008年5月12日在汶川映秀(北纬31.0°,东经103.4°)发生8级大地震,而后发生万余次余震,其最大震级为6.4级.此次地震属主震-余震型地震.通过构造分析认为.汶川大地震是构造地震,主要受龙门山断裂带的强烈活动控制.它是一种板内地震,其动力来源来自印度板块与欧亚板块的碰撞.而成都平原处于稳定地块中,尽管离震中较近,然受地震的影响有限,是比较安全的. 相似文献
83.
节理岩体卸荷强度特性的试验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
卸荷状态工程岩体的强度特性与传统的加载岩体有本质的区别。目前对于岩石卸荷强度特性的研究比较多见,但对于含节理的岩体在卸荷应力状态下的强度特性,尤其是节理面对其强度的影响研究实属少见。本文通过岩体三轴模拟试验研究了卸荷应力状态下节理岩体的破坏特征,突出考虑了节理面性质对卸荷强度的影响,在此基础上提出了节理岩体卸荷强度准则的一般表达式并进行了对比验证。 相似文献
84.
在选用国产CAD软件时,总结了设计软件影响企业稳定盈利的因素,进行综合分析和对比,制定相应的策略和方法,以积极的态度解决了国产CAD软件的应用问题。 相似文献
85.
Lutz Nasdala Wolfgang Hofmeister Nicholas Norberg James M. Martinson Fernando Corfu Wolfgang Dörr Sandra L. Kamo Allen K. Kennedy Andreas Kronz Peter W. Reiners Dirk Frei Jan Kosler Yusheng Wan Jens Götze Tobias Häger Alfred Kröner John W. Valley 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2008,32(3):247-265
We introduce and propose zircon M257 as a future reference material for the determination of zircon U‐Pb ages by means of secondary ion mass spectrometry. This light brownish, flawless, cut gemstone specimen from Sri Lanka weighed 5.14 g (25.7 carats). Zircon M257 has TIMS‐determined, mean isotopic ratios (2s uncertainties) of 0.09100 ± 0.00003 for 206pb/238U and 0.7392 ± 0.0003 for 207pb/235U. Its 206pb/238U age is 561.3 ± 0.3 Ma (unweighted mean, uncertainty quoted at the 95% confidence level); the U‐Pb system is concordant within uncertainty of decay constants. Zircon M257 contains ~ 840 μg g?1 U (Th/U ~ 0.27). The material exhibits remarkably low heterogeneity, with a virtual absence of any internal textures even in cathodoluminescence images. The uniform, moderate degree of radiation damage (estimated from the expansion of unit‐cell parameters, broadening of Raman spectral parameters and density) corresponds well, within the “Sri Lankan trends”, with actinide concentrations, U‐Pb age, and the calculated alpha fluence of 1.66 × 1018 g?1. This, and a (U+Th)/He age of 419 ± 9 Ma (2s), enables us to exclude any unusual thermal history or heat treatment, which could potentially have affected the retention of radiogenic Pb. The oxygen isotope ratio of this zircon is 13.9%o VSMOW suggesting a metamorphic genesis in a marble or calc‐silicate skarn. 相似文献
86.
Martin Rosner Michael Wiedenbeck Thomas Ludwig 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2008,32(1):27-38
An analytical artefact is reported here related to differences in instrumental mass fractionation between NIST SRM glasses and natural geological glasses during SIMS boron isotope determinations. The data presented demonstrated an average 3.4‰ difference between the NIST glasses and natural basaltic to rhyolitic glasses mainly in terms of their sputtering-induced fractionation of boron isotopes. As no matrix effect was found among basaltic to rhyolitic glasses, instrumental mass fractionation of most natural glass samples can be corrected by using appropriate glass reference materials. In order to confirm the existence of the compositionally induced variations in boron SIMS instrumental mass bias, the observed offset in SIMS instrumental mass bias has been independently reproduced in two laboratories and the phenomenon has been found to be stable over a period of more than one year. This study highlights the need for a close match between the chemical composition of the reference material and the samples being investigated. 相似文献
87.
Taeko Shinonaga Helmuth Aigner Dilani Klose Peter Spinder Heinz Fröschl David Donohue 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2008,32(1):93-101
The recommended concentrations of 239Pu, 240Pu and 239+240Pu in reference material IAEA‐315 (marine sediment) were estimated by three analytical methods: isotope dilution thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (TIMS), isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) and alpha spectrometry. The determination of 239Pu and 240Pu (239+240Pu by alpha spectrometry) was carried out with samples from randomly selected bottles using each method. Plutonium‐238 was also measured by alpha spectrometry. A plutonium‐242 reference material was used as a spike for the quantitative analysis. The influence of 242Pu in the samples was therefore calculated; however, this contribution was less than the range of uncertainty and did not influence the final results. The obtained data were statistically analysed using variance component analysis and paired comparison. The combined standard uncertainties from “method/measurement”, “bottle” and “sub‐sample” were in the order of 3 to 6%. The main contributions to the uncertainty were from the material heterogeneity and from systematic differences between methods. Based on this study with twenty‐seven analyses using 10–14 g sample mass, concentrations of (38 ± 3) Bq kg?1, (28 ± 3) Bq kg?1 and (66 ± 4) Bq kg?1 are proposed as recommended values for 239Pu, 240Pu and 239+240Pu, respectively, and (9.5 ± 0.4) Bq kg?1 for 238Pu as an information value in reference material IAEA‐315. In mass concentration units, these amount to (16.4 ± 1.2) ng kg?1, (3.3 ± 0.4) ng kg?1 and (0.015 ± 0.003) ng kg?1 for 239Pu, 240Pu and 238Pu, respectively. The certified reference materials NIST 4350B and NIST 4354 were also analysed by TIMS for quality assurance of the method used in this study. 相似文献
88.
Based on the determination of composition of volcanic volatiles and petrologic estimation of the total mass of volatiles erupted,
we showed important advances in the study of the impact of Mesozoic and Cenozoic volcanic activities on paleo-environmental
changes in China. The volcanic activities include western Liaoning and Zhangjiakou Mesozoic intermediate-acidic explosive
eruptions, southern Tibet and Shanwang Cenozoic volcanism, and Mt. Changbai volcanic eruption around one thousand years ago.
The paper predominantly discusses the earth’s surface temperature changes, ozone depletion, acidic rain formation and mass
mortalities of vertebrate induced by the Mesozoic and Cenozoic volcanism in China.
__________
Translated from Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 2007, 26(4): 319–322 [译自: 矿物岩石地球化学通报] 相似文献
89.
In this paper, the data on the paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental changes during the Holocene are presented and a discussion
is made on a 225-cm-long sediment core from Ulungur Lake, located in Northwest China. The chronology is constructed from six
AMS radiocarbon dates on the bulk organic matter. On the basis of the analysis of ostracod assemblages and the shell stable
isotopes, the core is divided into three paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental evolution stages: 9 985–5 250 cal.aB.P. stage
is the wettest phase of the core section. The climate changed from moderate-dry to cool-wet, and then to warm-wet in turn,
and the lake level rose accordingly, showing the characteristic of a high lake level. 5 250–1 255 cal.aB.P. stage was the
driest phase of the core sediment. The climate turned from the early warm-dry to the late warm-wet and the lake level fell
and rose again. Finally, the 1 255 cal.aB.P. stage was the medium stage of the section. The temperature was low and then increased
after the 1920s and the climate was dry. The whole climatic and environmental evolution records of Lake Ulungur were not only
in agreement with the sporopollen record of the same core but also in agreement with the record of environmental changes of
adjacent areas. It responded to regional environmental changes and global abrupt climate events, following the westerly climate
change mode on 100-year-scale, primarily with cold-wet and warmdry characteristics.
__________
Translated from Quaternary Sciences, 2007, 27(3):382–391 [译自:第四纪研究] 相似文献
90.
Paul A. Crowther Orsola De Marco M. J. Barlow P. J. Storey 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1996,238(1):119-123
We present a detailed, quantitative study of the standard [WC10] Wolf-Rayet central star CPD-56o 8032 based on new high resolution AAT UCLES observations and the Hillier (1990) WR standard model. Our analysis of CPD-56o 8032 gives the wind properties (T
*=34500K, lg (L/L
)=3.8, lg (M/M
a–1)=–5.4,v
=225 km s–1) and chemistry (C/He=0.5, O/He=0.1, by number), the latter suggesting an intimate relationship with the Ovi PN central stars and the PG 1159-035 objects. A comparison between the wind properties of CPD-56o 8032 and Sk-66o 40 (WN 10) indicates that low excitation, low wind velocity WR winds are common to both low mass PN central stars (WC sequence) and high mass post-LBV's (WN sequence). 相似文献