遥感技术在区域地质调查中的应用研究进展

论述了１∶５万区域地质调查中的图像信息理论及其应用意义；讨论了遥感岩石学、影像地层学、遥感构造分析、环境地质与生态地质遥感地质解译填图的基础理论和方法；论述了影像地质界线的基本信息类型及其信息理解过程；提出了影像地质信息的多级识别方法和空间模糊叠加分析方法；最后探讨了区域地质调查中遥感技术的发展趋势。     

金伯利岩中新发现的两种Zr-Ti、REE-Ti氧化物矿物──上地幔含大阳离子Cr、Ti、Fe氧化物矿物研究之四

在研究沂蒙矿、蒙山矿等地幔矿物时，新发现了两种Zr－Ti、REE－Ti氧化物矿物。Zr－Ti氧化物新相6个样品点的探针成分分析（wt％）：TIO227.756～46.811，ZrO231.724～58.092，TFeo2.75～5．82，CrO31．728～4．765，Nb2O51．353～4．357，Ta2O50．155～2.814，SiO20．894～13．749，主次元素的成分变化幅度均较大，但以氧为4计算的阳离子总数均为2，因此分子式可简写为（Ti，Zr，Si，Fe）2O4或（Ti，Zr）2O4，与人工化合物ZrTiO4相似。REE－Ti氧化物矿物新相的成分也较复杂，主要元素为REE（Ce，Nd，La，Sm，Pr…）及Ti，次要元素有Nb，根据五个样点的探针分析结果，简化的分子式（Ce…）2（Ti…）3O9，与人工化合物Ce2Ti3O8.7类似，属等轴晶系。两个新矿物相均产于蒙山矿中的微裂隙和熔融交代海绵边中，呈斑点状、蠕虫状、微脉状，组成元素复杂，不同颗粒分析点成分有差异，且在同一微脉中成分也有变化，反映了这两种新矿物相是非平衡的交代一结晶产物。从矿物的产出关系和成分的特征来看，它们的形成与地幔流体交代作用有关。     

GPS在1:20万区域重力测量中的应用

介绍了利用GPS开展1：20万石棉幅区域重力测量的情况，对正确掌握GPS的工作方法作了研究，并总结了应用该项技术的成功经验和遗留问题。     

THE LIFE-CYCLE OF MINERAL CONSUMPTION IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND ITS IMPLICATION

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The l:200,000-scale map of the near-surface mineral resources of the Federal Republic of Germany

For those who deal with aspects of regional planning that are affected by the extraction of near-surface mineral resources, a simple map that shows the distribution of these resources accompanied by explanatory notes is essential; a preliminary 1:1 million-scale map was published in 1982. The Geological Surveys of the Federal States of Germany, in conjunction with the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, are compiling a series of maps that will cover the country at a scale of 1:200,000. When completed by the end of the next decade, this set of maps will consist of 57 sheets, each of which will be accompanied by explanatory notes. By the end of 1995, 17 sheets had been published BGR reports on the status of a Federal mineral-resource mapping program.     

Characteristics of Volcanic Rocks in the Shoshonite Province, Eastern China, and Their Metallogenesis

The shoshonite province in eastern China is characterized by extensive distribution (ca. 80000 km2) of Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous (165-100 Ma) shoshonite series with subordinate high-K calc-alkali series. It was formed in a dominantly tensile stress field. In comparison with their analogues in island arcs and active continental margins in other countries, the volcanic rocks in the shoshonite province have their specific characteristics in petrology, mineralogy and geochemistry as well as related mineralization association, which are the comprehensive reflection of the special composition and structure of the mantle and crust of the province and the special Mesozoic regional tectonic setting.     

Genesis and distribution of mineral waters as a consequence of recent lithospheric dynamics: the Rhenish Massif,Central Europe

Three major, interdependent processes control the genesis and distribution of mineral and thermal waters in the Rhenish Massif, Central Europe: (a) Magmatic processes in the upper mantle provide most of the CO₂ to produce bicarbonate waters in shallow aquifers. (b) Extension of the brittle upper crust enables the ascent of sodium chloride waters. (c) Uplift and erosion shape the massif's relief, which determines the extent of flow systems and the distribution of thermal springs. The chemistry of mineral waters further depends on the aquifers' mineral composition. A comprehensive set of hydrological, chemical, tectonic and geophysical data on the Rhenish Massif has been compiled. It was used to classify the mineral waters and to map the spatial distribution of water properties. The composition of cuttings from several representative wells producing different water types shows that the hydrothermal alteration of the aquifer rocks consists mainly of kaolinization of chlorite and dissolution of feldspar. Numerical transport simulations favour two modes of groundwater flow: topography-driven flow and the pressure-driven ascent of basement brines along active faults. Thermal convection is less important.     

内蒙大水清金矿带交代作用及其与金矿化关系

大水清金矿带是华北克拉通中有代表性的改造型绿岩金矿之一。它产于前东武纪绿岩地体中安家营子石英二长岩体内外接触带附近的剪切带中。金矿化交代主要受后阶段张性脆裂控制，而剪切带早阶段韧性剪切作用无明显矿化交代，后者主要为成矿交代提供有益的江游交代构造环，境即成矿交代蚀变作用和剪切带同步的两阶段演化模式。大水清金矿带的交代作用有四个阶段：即用长石化阶段，绿泥石化阶段，黄铁绢英岩化和石英－硫化物阶段以及石英－碳酸盐化阶段。第三阶段由五个亚阶段组成：即黄铁绢英岩化和强硅化－强黄铁矿化，石英－多金属硫化物交代，石英－贫扶矿充填交代和细粒黄铁矿充填交代。其中前四个亚阶段是本区金的主要成矿期．当韧性剪切转化为张性脆裂时产生的骤然扩容和伴随发生的交代体系转变为富硅体系的钾交代和石英－硫化物交代是金矿成矿的关键。本文还研究和探讨了该金矿成矿交代流体的性质及交代的物理化学环境。     

赣西北地区修水县联测图组1：5万区调主要进展与体会

本文重点总结赣西北地区修水县联测图１∶５万区调取得的主要进展与区调方法上的创新。其中，在中元古界双桥山群浅变质岩系中所识别、填绘出的近东西向紧闭同斜倒转褶皱，叠加近南北向开阔圆滑褶皱，在中小型陆相红盆中探索出的运用数理统计与沉积学研究相结合确定冲积扇体，并用扇体与岩性段双重方法予以图面表达以及第四纪研究成果等取得的重要进展。此外，就有关提高区调质量等问题浅谈其体会。     

蚀变带元素地球化学成矿预测法──以金龙山微细浸染型金矿为例

金矿化作用伴围岩蚀变，且多受断裂控制，反映在地球化学上出现某些元素的异常。在已发现一害矿化体并掌握一般控制矿特征的地区，利用已有工程在蚀变带内连续捡块采样，分析有关批示元素，总结有关的地球化学指标，建立地球化学预测模式，对已知矿体及外围异常进行了地球化学评价。