车镇北带古近系砂砾岩储层成岩作用特征及其对物性的影响

综合利用岩芯资料、铸体薄片、物性资料及相关分析测试资料,对车镇北带砂砾岩成岩作用特征及其对储层物性的影响进行了研究。研究表明:工区砂砾岩储层成岩作用主要有压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用、灰泥重结晶作用和交代作用;成岩环境经历了中性/弱碱性→酸性→碱性→酸性→碱性的变化,相应的成岩作用序列为:压实作用→长石溶蚀/早期石英加大→碳酸盐胶结/石英溶蚀→长石溶蚀/碳酸盐胶结物溶蚀/晚期石英加大→黄铁矿胶结;区内砂砾岩储集物性较差,储集空间以次生孔缝为主;不同亚相岩相和成岩作用的差异使其储集物性有所不同,扇根主要发育颗粒支撑和杂基支撑砾岩,成岩作用以压实和灰泥重结晶为主,物性较差,发育无效储层;扇中亚相溶蚀作用较为发育,储集物性得到很好地改善,有效储层比例较高;扇缘亚相以胶结作用为主,使物性变差,局部溶蚀作用发育,可成为有效储层。     

马里亚纳海沟南部海域沉积物的工程地质特性及其成因

大洋27航次中,在马里亚纳海沟挑战者深渊南翼斜坡上获得了箱式插管和重力柱状样品,并对这些样品现场进行了含水率、湿密度、微型扭力十字板、微型贯入和无侧限抗压强度试验,获得了深海表层沉积物的物理力学性质参数,具有较高的含水率、较低的密度、较大的孔隙比、较低的抗剪强度和贯入阻力,各项参数随深度增加呈现规律性变化。归航后通过对沉积物的粒度、碎屑矿物、黏土矿物、微体古生物的鉴定,进一步从物质组成、物质来源和沉积环境等方面对此特殊工程地质性质沉积物的成因进行分析。     

The influence of freezing drizzle on wire icing during freezing fog events

Both direct and indirect effects of freezing drizzle on ice accretion were analyzed for ten freezing drizzle events during a comprehensive ice thickness, fog, and precipitation observation campaign carried out during the winter of 2008 and 2009 at Enshi Radar Station (3017'N, 10916'E), Hubei Province, China. The growth rate of ice thickness was 0.85 mm h－1 during the freezing drizzle period, while the rate was only 0.4 mm h－1 without sleet and freezing drizzle. The rain intensity, liquid water content (LWC), and diameter of freezing drizzle stayed at low values. The development of microphysical properties of fog was suppressed in the freezing drizzle period. A threshold diameter (Dc) was proposed to estimate the inuence of freezing drizzle on different size ranges of fog droplets. Fog droplets with a diameter less thanDc would be affected slightly by freezing drizzle, while larger fog droplets would be affected signicantly. Dc had a correlation with the average rain intensity, with a correlation coefficient of 0.78. The relationships among the microphysical properties of fog droplets were all positive when the effect of freezing drizzle was weak, while they became poor positive correlations, or even negative correlations during freezing drizzle period. The direct contribution of freezing drizzle to ice thickness was about 14.5%. Considering both the direct and indirect effects, we suggest that freezing drizzle could act as a catalyst causing serious icing conditions.     

Urban green commons: Insights on urban common property systems

The aim of this paper is to shed new light on urban common property systems. We deal with urban commons in relation to urban green-space management, referring to them as urban green commons. Applying a property-rights analytic perspective, we synthesize information on urban green commons from three case-study regions in Sweden, Germany, and South Africa, and elaborate on their role for biodiversity conservation in urban settings, with a focus on business sites. Cases cover both formally established types of urban green commons and bottom-up emerged community-managed habitats. As our review demonstrates, the right to actively manage urban green space is a key characteristic of urban green commons whether ownership to land is in the private, public, the club realm domain, or constitutes a hybrid of these. We discuss the important linkages among urban common property systems, social–ecological learning, and management of ecosystem services and biodiversity. Several benefits can be associated with urban green commons, such as a reduction of costs for ecosystem management and as designs for reconnecting city-inhabitants to the biosphere. The emergence of urban green commons appears closely linked to dealing with societal crises and for reorganizing cities; hence, they play a key role in transforming cities toward more socially and ecologically benign environments. While a range of political questions circumscribe the feasibility of urban green commons, we discuss their usefulness in management of different types of urban habitats, their political justification and limitation, their potential for improved biodiversity conservation, and conditions for their emergence. We conclude by postulating some general policy advice.     

蓝离散星研究现状(Ⅱ):观测特性

不同恒星系统(银河系晕、疏散星团、球状星团、矮星系)中蓝离散星所表现出的观测特性各不相同,这与恒星系统动力学环境及相应的蓝离散星主导形成机制直接相关。因此,分析研究蓝离散星的不同观测特性,也就成为研究蓝离散星形成机制、恒星及双星系统演化以及恒星系统动力学演化的有效方法。     

The relationship between abundances of meiofauna and their suspected microbial food (diatoms and bacteria)

Samples were taken bi-weekly for one year at a sand site and a mud site in the North Inlet Estuary, Georgetown, South Carolina, for meiofauna, their suspected microbial food (bacteria and diatoms), and associated physical factors. Linear regression techniques were used to correlate food abundance and physical factors with the density of meiofaunal taxa. At both sites diatoms positively correlated with meiofauna taxa, but bacteria did not. Physical factors were not correlated with meiofaunal or microbial abundances at the sand site. Whereas, at the mud site meiofauna and diatom abundances were positively correlated with the depth of the redox layer and inversely correlated with temperature. Peaks of meiofaunal abundance did not follow peaks of food abundance. Analysis of copepods at the species level indicated that taxa response was due to the response of the dominant species. Even though some correlations existed, this study suggests that copepod species and meiofauna at the gross taxonomic level do not respond to changes in potential food abundance. Physical factors apparently influence both meiofauna and diatoms in the same fashion. However, bacterial abundance was not positively correlated with any of the factors studied.     

秭归盆地东缘断裂构造觅踪——再论仙女山断裂带北延过长江问题

文章在概略介绍仙女山断裂带所处的大地构造位置、展布特征、组合关系基础上,用详实的材料,逐一分析了荒口—腰店子、腰店子—将军垭、将军垭—卜庄河及尹家湾—黄垭畔、黄垭畔—贾家店长江南北两岸各段的断裂构造形迹特征、力学性质和交切关系。认为仙女山断裂带已北延过长江,并建议对断裂的应力传递方式和可能出现的史前地震进行深入研究。     

通用电子政务平台开发及其在“数字城市”中的应用

本文系统地论述了目前电子政务和"数字城市"的建设要求,提出了开发通用电子政务平台来快速构建各类城市管理部门的电子政务应用系统,形成"数字城市"各专业应用的思路,并介绍经过多年开发和应用的通用电子政务平台NetOffice特点,最后以地房籍管理信息系统为例来阐述了电子政务平台在"数字城市"的重要组成部分———国土资源和房产管理的应用情况。     

Composition and assemblage characteristics of magnetic minerals in layer S<Subscript>5-1</Subscript> of Xifeng and Duanjiapo sections

Relatively strongly magnetic fine components (< 30μm, XS-4J and DS-4J) which are most environmentally sensitive were separated from layer S_5-1 in the Xifeng and Duanjiapo loess sections and analyzed by MPV-3 for their morphometric characteristics and reflectance, SEM-ESD for their element contents and XRD for their mineral phases, respectively. The results showed that minerals in both samples are dominated by detrial Fe-Ti oxides of aeolian origin. In sample XS-4J the reflectance and iron contents of magnetic minerals are usually high. In addition to magnetite (Fe₃O₄), maghemite (γFe₂O₃) and hematite (Fe₂O₃), some Fe-high oxide (72.25 wt%–86.67 wt%), ilmenite (FeTiO₃), and magnetite-ulvöspinel [Fe(FeCr)O₄, Fe (FeNi)O₄] were also detected. In sample DS-4J obvious negative linear correlations were found between Ti and Fe, and the contents of Mn, Si, Al and Ca are usually high and the minerals are dominated by magnetite (maghemite), goethite (FeOOH) and limonite (containing Si and OH). In addition, the signs of corrosion of magnetic minerals and newly crystallized magnetite (maghemite) were recognized. Differences in the composition and assemblage characteristics of magnetite minerals between XS and DS reflect significant differences in source rocks and preserving conditions.     

镇江圌山绍隆禅寺“活地”成因

"活地"是宗教的传奇,而由于以往知识与技术的限制以及宗教圣地的"不可侵犯性","活地"也成了大自然的千年未解之谜。通过现场考察和资料调研,明晰了"活地"所在地区的地质构造特征。采用高频率表面波监测、分析技术,通过现场试验,研究了"活地"附近地表浅层岩土体分布情况。采用图像分析技术,经室内试验研究得出了"活地"及周围地区出露岩石的矿物组成。最终,对于"活地"的成因提出以下看法:1.否定了地下深层生长性岩脉诱发"活地"现象的观点;2.膨胀岩及膨胀土吸水膨胀对"活地"的隆升有一定作用,但这不是"活地"的主要诱因;3.提出"活地"是岩石风化作用及特殊地理环境综合作用结果的观点:风化作用使岩体疏松、体积增大,地面隆起;两侧山体运动对其交界处岩石产生挤压作用,为"活地"的持续隆升提供动力源。