川中红色砂泥岩岩石力学特性研究

对川中白垩系、侏罗系的泥岩、砂岩、泥质粉砂岩的抗压强度进行统计分析 ,得出红层岩石作为地基时抗压强度的范围值供设计参考 ,对泥岩、砂岩的其他力学性质进行了评价。     

翡翠的矿物组成特征及其质量

通过翡翠的矿物组成研究 ,其主要由辉石族的矿物 (硬玉、绿辉石、霓石、钠铬辉石 )组成 ,还有少量的闪石族矿物、长石族矿物以及绿泥石和铬铁矿、褐铁矿、赤铁矿等组成 ,他们的含量变化直接影响着翡翠的种类。在矿物组成中 ,硬玉呈不同的绿色 ,这些颜色的多少与分布特征直接影响着翡翠的颜色特征和档次。绿辉石、钠铬辉石含量少 ,在翡翠中呈黑绿色 ,它们的存在使翡翠的档次降低。闪石族矿物主要是蓝色的钠铝质闪石 ,翡翠中的飘“蓝花”就是由于它们造成的。长石族矿物主要是钠长石 ,颗粒细小 ,在翡翠中其含量 1.0 %～ 8.0 %。翡翠中主要的矿物形态以粒状为主 ,矿物的颗粒越细 ,翡翠的透明度、质地也越好。建议将翡翠定义为 :“在地质作用过程中主要由钠质或钠钙质辉石组成的达到玉级的集合体。”     

浙江上山遗址剖面记录中更新世以来的环境演变

通过对上山文化遗址的野外勘察、野外采样和室内粒度、磁化率、释光年代(OSL)和AMS14C年代分析,探讨了上山地区地貌演变过程,分析了上山文化形成与发展的环境背景。研究结果表明,中更新世早期,上山地区为河流相砾石层堆积,中更新世晚期173kaBP左右,由于气候和海面变化及其新构造运动的影响,形成了河流的二级阶地。而后阶地上接受风尘堆积,形成了中更新世晚期的网纹红土。晚更新世,粉尘堆积加速,堆积了厚约1m的下蜀黄土。全新世(11.5kaBP-)开始,气候转暖,粉尘堆积速率降低,上山台地上保存有命名为"上山文化"的新石器遗址,其年代为11400￣8600aBP,遗址中发掘出大量陶器和石器工具,并发现有栽培水稻遗存,这是迄今为止长江下游地区发现的最早新石器遗址,是探索该地区农业起源和新石器文化演化具有重要意义的地点。上山台地西侧低地经历了河流相—湖沼相—河流相—湖沼相的地貌过程,并且AMS14C年代表明,西侧水源消亡于距今1000多年,而台地东侧仍有河流流过,表明上山遗址所处地貌位置为靠近河湖水源的河流阶地之上覆有风成黄土的低平台地。     

四川甲基卡两类锂辉石矿体共存机制及其找矿意义

甲基卡已成为我国最大的硬岩型锂资源基地,目前已查明数个超大型锂辉石矿床,其矿床工业类型主要为花岗伟晶岩型,但在近几年对深部锂矿产的勘查中,除了继续发现有花岗伟晶岩型矿体外,还发现一种粒度明显偏细的锂矿石,野外称之为细晶岩,但经室内认真观察表明,它们具有非常典型的花岗结构,锂辉石在其中以自形—半自形晶较均匀分布,含量在5%～22%,长石包括微斜长石和钠长石,结合其他工作确定,这应是在我国首次发现的富锂辉石碱长花岗岩。在含矿脉体中,它和富锂辉石的花岗伟晶岩密切伴生,但形成时间较晚。在一些矿床(段)中,碱长花岗岩型矿石中的锂储量还明显高过花岗伟晶岩型。花岗伟晶岩型和花岗岩型锂辉石矿共伴生,这在国内也是首例,其特殊的成岩成矿作用与三叠纪末松潘-甘孜造山带中构造-岩浆-穹窿体的形成有密切的成因联系,它使含矿花岗伟晶岩和花岗岩仅集中发育于一定的接触变质带中,并相伴生产出。这一发现,不仅丰富了甲基卡地区锂矿石类型,也为花岗伟晶岩和花岗岩成岩成矿作用理论的深入探讨提供了非常好的实验基地。     

云南玉溪抗旱找水定井典型实例分析与感悟

西南大旱百年不遇,山东找水专家组紧急驰援云南抗旱。通过对云南抗旱找水定井实例的分析,总结了高原岩溶水和红层基岩裂隙水的找水勘察工作思路,并联系云南、四川、山东等贫水区找水定井实践,阐述了贫水区找水定井心得与感悟。     

Fe2O3对13X沸石分子筛合成条件及性能的影响研究

对江苏丰县的富钾页岩进行预处理,得到不同Fe2O3 质量分数的钾长石粉体原料FXY1、FXY2,经中温焙烧得到偏铝硅酸盐前体化合物,水热晶化合成了13X沸石分子筛。采用正交实验法,确定了水热晶化反应的优化工艺条件,原料中Fe2O3 质量分数的不同导致水热晶化反应的工艺参数有所不同。合成的两种沸石的性能与13X沸石分子筛的工业产品相似,吸附量均达到国家化学工业产品标准HG/T 2690 95的要求。对比实验表明,原料中Fe2O3 质量分数的降低可使其在更宽的碱度范围内合成性能更优的13X沸石产品。由低Fe2O3 质量分数的FXY2为原料合成的沸石,其物相纯度、热稳定性、白度、比表面积、吸附性等性质更优。合成沸石均可用于对含重金属离子废水的深度净化处理,由FXY2为原料合成的13X沸石还可用作洗涤助剂。     

福建沙县琅口巨斑状花岗岩风化型钾长石矿床地质特征及成因

沙县琅口钾长石矿是近年来福建省发现的巨斑状中粗粒角闪黑云二长花岗岩风化型钾长石矿床.矿体赋存于巨斑状中粗粒角闪黑云二长花岗岩弱风化带中.通过野外工作,总结钾长石矿床的赋存规律和空间分布,并对矿区地质特征、成矿作用及成因等进行了探讨.     

A Preliminary Study on the Red Beds in the Northern Heyuan Basin, Guangdong Province, China

The red beds of the northern Heyuan Basin （Guangdong Province, China） are more than 4,000 m thick. Based on the lithological characters, in ascending order these beds are divided into the Dafeng Formation, Zhutian Formation, and Zhenshui Formation of the Nanxiong Group, Shanghu Formation and Danxia Formation. The Nanxiong Group with relatively mature coarse clastic rocks attains about 2940 m in thickness. The Dafeng Formation is 837 m thick, consisting of conglomerates and sandy conglomerates; the Zhutian Formation, which is 1.200 m thick, consists of purplish red sandstone with gravels, poorly sorted sandstone, feldspathic quartzose sandstone banded granular conglomerate, siltstone, and sandy mudstone. The Zhutian Formation is rich in calcareous concretions. Heyuannia （Oviraptoridae） and turtle fossils were found in this formation. The Zhenshui Formation deposited to a thickness of 900 m consists of coarse sediments, including granular conglomerate, and gravelly sandstone with well developed cross-beddings; the Shanghu Formation, which is 820 m thick, consists of purplish red granular conglomerate coarse sandstone intercalated with fine si~tstone; the Danxia Formation characterized by the Danxia ~andform is composed of coarse c~astic gravels and sandy gravels. The lower part of the Nanxiong Group whence dinosaur eggs and derived oviraptorosaurs come, belongs to the Late Cretaceous. No fossils are found in the Shanghu Formation or the Danxia Formation, but their stratigraphic order of superposition on the Nanxiong Group clearly shows their younger age.     

一种土壤属性制图的曲面建模方法(英文)

High accuracy surface modeling(HASM) is a method which can be applied to soil property interpolation.In this paper,we present a method of HASM combined geographic information for soil property interpolation(HASM-SP) to improve the accuracy.Based on soil types,land use types and parent rocks,HASM-SP was applied to interpolate soil available P,Li,pH,alkali-hydrolyzable N,total K and Cr in a typical red soil hilly region.To evaluate the performance of HASM-SP,we compared its performance with that of ordinary kriging(OK),ordinary kriging combined geographic information(OK-Geo) and stratified kriging(SK).The results showed that the methods combined with geographic information including HASM-SP and OK-Geo obtained a lower estimation bias.HASM-SP also showed less MAEs and RMSEs when it was compared with the other three methods(OK-Geo,OK and SK).Much more details were presented in the HASM-SP maps for soil properties due to the combination of different types of geographic information which gave abrupt boundary for the spatial varia-tion of soil properties.Therefore,HASM-SP can not only reduce prediction errors but also can be accordant with the distribution of geographic information,which make the spatial simula-tion of soil property more reasonable.HASM-SP has not only enriched the theory of high accuracy surface modeling of soil property,but also provided a scientific method for the ap-plication in resource management and environment planning.     

Magnetic susceptibility of the Xifeng section and its paleoclimate significance

Magnetic susceptibility (MS) is one of the most important indicators of the East- Asia summer monsoon. Presented in this study is a high resolution magnetic susceptibility record from the Xifeng section, which consists of Quaternary loess-paleosol sequence and Pliocene red clay. Variations in magnetic susceptibility are well correlated with the δ18O record in deep-sea sediments and the eolian flux of Greenland. The climatic evolution in the Xifeng section shows that since the Late Tertiary, the driving forc...