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651.
652.
Rodionov V.P. Dekkers M.J. Khramov A.N. Gurevich E.L. Krijgsman W. Duermeijer C.E. Heslop D. 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2003,47(2):255-274
The Middle Ordovician Volginsky and Kirensky fossil zones were sampled in the Krivaya Luka section (Krivolutsky suite) that outcrops along the Lena river in Siberia. The Volginsky and Kirensky zones are coeval to the Llandeilo in the global geologic time scale. The Krivaya Luka section consists of siltstones, clays, sandstones, and limestones, and displays a remarkably distinct sedimentary cyclicity, especially in its reddish middle part.Stepwise thermal demagnetization yields three NRM components. Component A, isolated in the 100—250°C interval can be either normal or reversed. The normal A-component has a direction close to recent local magnetic field. The reversed A-component directions are scattered around a direction close to that of the lower Triassic Siberian traps. Component B has unblocking temperatures that range from 400 to 500°C and is represented mainly by normal polarity directions. The B-component, isolated from rocks of the middle part of the section is of a normal polarity with D = 176.5°, I = 30.0° and a North pole position at 16.2°S, 111.3°E. The other parts of the section are characterized by intermediate B-directions, which resulted possibly by partially overlapping A- and C-components. The highest temperature dual-polarity component C was isolated in the 550—670°C interval, resulting in the detection of two complete polarity zones and three magnetic reversals. The C-component is characterized by the following mean directions: for the reversed component D = 335.7°, I = 6.9°, and for the normal component D = 188.6°, I = 28.0°, which is very close to the normal polarity directions of the B-component. The corresponding paleomagnetic North pole for reversed polarity rocks is 32.6°S, 137°E, which is typical of Middle Ordovician rocks from Siberia – the mean pole for Llanvirn-Llandeilo is 30°S, 136°E (cf. Smethurst et al., 1998) – whereas for normal polarity rocks the pole position 17.2°S, 99.1°E is markedly different. Nevertheless, we assume that the C-component records the ancient geomagnetic field of Ordovician times, even though it does not pass the reversals test. This could be explained by overlapping NRM unblocking temperature spectra for the B and C components. In this case, the paleomagnetic pole positions should be interpreted with some caution.In addition, the section was logged and sampled in detail for cyclostratigraphic purposes. Spectral analysis in the depth domain using the high-field susceptibility as input parameter showed that the observed cyclicity is most likely orbitally forced. Detected spectral peaks (significant at the 95% confidence level) were close to the expected positions of the periodicities of precession, obliquity and eccentricity for the Ordovician. Consequently, the average sediment accumulation rate is estimated at 3.5 cm/kyr. Extrapolating this sedimentation rate yields a total duration of at least 1 Myr for the Volginsky fossil zone and 1.2 Myr for the entire Krivaya Luka section. 相似文献
653.
654.
Precipitation samples collected at Erdemli, Turkey, during February 1996–June 1997 were analysed to determine iron content and speciation. The purpose of the measurements was to examine the atmospheric abundance of iron and to quantify its solubility in the region. Spectrophotometric analyses of Fe(II) and reducible Fe(III) in precipitation samples, along with measurements of pH, conductivity, filterable iron (Fefilt), particulate aluminium (Alpar) and particulateiron (Fepar) were performed to determine iron solubility, which principally affects its bioavailability. Backward trajectories corresponding to the sampling dates were analysed to determine the sources of atmospheric constituents arriving at the site. Among these, the mineral dust transported from the Great Sahara to the region is considered to be a rich source of iron. The concentration of Fe(II) varied from below detection limit (0.02 M) up to 0.42 M,while the maximum concentration of total reactive Fe (referred as Fe(II) + reducible Fe(III) = Fereac) was found to be 1.0 M in precipitation. A strong correlation was found between particulate Fe and Al fractions, both of crustal origin. No correlation was observed between the soluble and insoluble fractions of iron. The soluble iron fraction, Fe(II) concentration varied independently from the concentrations of reducible Fe(III), Fefilt, Fepar, and from the pH of the precipitation. The Fefilt fraction (size < 0.45 m), measuredby Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, and frequently interpreted to be the soluble iron fraction in the literature, was found to be significantly higher than the corresponding Fereac fraction inprecipitation samples, most likely due to the colloidal iron content of the Fefilt fraction passing through the 0.45 m pore size filter. The volume weighted mean Fefilt concentration of the precipitation samples collected during the episodic `red rain' events was found to be relatively higher. The geometric mean ratios of soluble Fe(II) and of Fereac to Total Fe (Fefilt + Fepar), werefound to be 1.6% and 2.1%, respectively, while the mean ratioof Fefilt to Total Fe was 9.6%. The flux of bioavailable iron (Fereac)fraction in most atmospheric wet deposition events was found to be sufficient for supporting the maximum primary production rates that are typical for the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. 相似文献
655.
前人的研究(主要为实验研究)表明:岩体冷却速率越慢,隐纹长石出溶叶片周期越大。但笔者在研究中发现:如把不同地区的不同岩石按冷却速率的变化梯度排列起来,其隐纹长石出溶叶片周期变化为:熔结凝灰岩中300nm±,熔岩流中150nm±,较窄岩脉中100nm±,较宽岩脉中50nm±,火山颈相次火山岩中12nm±。可见随着冷却速率的变慢,碱性长石出溶叶片周期反而变小,这明显与前人的实验结果相矛盾。该结果可能由两个因素造成:一是以往的实验结果只是对由拐点分解形成的出溶叶片周期的研究,不适用于解释由非均匀成核及均匀成核形 相似文献
656.
Gu Yansheng Zhuo Ying Zhang Zejun Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2001,12(1)
INTRODUCTIONVermicular red earth is distributed widely in South China,significant for the research into Quaternary environment andglobal change. Huang (1993) discovered the evidence of human activities-popple tools in vermicular red earth of the middle-upper reaches of Hanshui Riverl Zhu et al. (1991 ) statedthat red earth was a good information carrier of global changeafter the research into tropic red earth and environment byweathered mineral and geochemistry. Zhao and Yang (1995)stud… 相似文献
657.
Palaeoproterozoic magnesite: lithological and isotopic evidence for playa/sabkha environments 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Victor A. Melezhik Anthony E. Fallick Pavel V. Medvedev & Vladimir V. Makarikhin 《Sedimentology》2001,48(2):379-397
Magnesite forms a series of 1‐ to 15‐m‐thick beds within the ≈2·0 Ga (Palaeoproterozoic) Tulomozerskaya Formation, NW Fennoscandian Shield, Russia. Drillcore material together with natural exposures reveal that the 680‐m‐thick formation is composed of a stromatolite–dolomite–‘red bed’ sequence formed in a complex combination of shallow‐marine and non‐marine, evaporitic environments. Dolomite‐collapse breccia, stromatolitic and micritic dolostones and sparry allochemical dolostones are the principal rocks hosting the magnesite beds. All dolomite lithologies are marked by δ13C values from +7·1‰ to +11·6‰ (V‐PDB) and δ18O ranging from 17·4‰ to 26·3‰ (V‐SMOW). Magnesite occurs in different forms: finely laminated micritic; stromatolitic magnesite; and structureless micritic, crystalline and coarsely crystalline magnesite. All varieties exhibit anomalously high δ13C values ranging from +9·0‰ to +11·6‰ and δ18O values of 20·0–25·7‰. Laminated and structureless micritic magnesite forms as a secondary phase replacing dolomite during early diagenesis, and replaced dolomite before the major phase of burial. Crystalline and coarsely crystalline magnesite replacing micritic magnesite formed late in the diagenetic/metamorphic history. Magnesite apparently precipitated from sea water‐derived brine, diluted by meteoric fluids. Magnesitization was accomplished under evaporitic conditions (sabkha to playa lake environment) proposed to be similar to the Coorong or Lake Walyungup coastal playa magnesite. Magnesite and host dolostones formed in evaporative and partly restricted environments; consequently, extremely high δ13C values reflect a combined contribution from both global and local carbon reservoirs. A 13C‐rich global carbon reservoir (δ13C at around +5‰) is related to the perturbation of the carbon cycle at 2·0 Ga, whereas the local enhancement in 13C (up to +12‰) is associated with evaporative and restricted environments with high bioproductivity. 相似文献
658.
659.
灵台红粘土—黄土—古土壤序列频率磁化率的古气候意义 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
通过对甘肃灵台晚新生代红粘土-黄土-古土壤序列的磁化率测量和频率磁化率分析,发现红粘土及黄土-古土壤的磁化率和频率磁化率化率存有良好的正相关关系,表明两套沉积在成壤过程中由生物作用或化学作用而形成的超顺磁性矿物含量,对磁化率和频率磁化率增大有重要的贡献。相比化率而言,受影响因素较少的频率磁化率变化,反映了不同气候条件下形成的超顺磁粒级铁磁矿物的相对含量,能更真实、敏感地记录不同时间尺度的古气候波动。灵台红粘土-黄土-古土壤序列的频率磁化等在2.6MaBP前后不同的变率特征,揭示了大冰期来临前后黄土高原的冷暖、干湿反差产生了显著变化,而与此相关的冬、夏季风变迁则表现出不同的组合特征。 相似文献
660.
Liu Xiuming AN Zhisheng Tim Rolph QIANG Xiaoke Paul Hesse Lu Huayu ZHOU Jie CAI Yanjun 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2001,44(7)
The study on magnetic properties of the red clay indicates that the red clay and loess- paleosol sequence have a common magnetic mineralogy, with magnetite, maghemite, hematite (and possibly goethite) contributing to the magnetic behavior. The red clay magnetic susceptibility is also found to have a positive relation with extrafine superparamagnetic grains. This suggests that, like the Quaternary loess-paleosols, an ultrafine ferrimagnetic component produced during pe-dogenesis in the red clay under humid conditions also plays an important role in susceptibility enhancement in the soil units. This is supported by the correlation between Rb/Sr ratio and magnetic susceptibility. This signifies that, like the above loess-paleosol sequence, the magnetic susceptibility of the red clay can be used as a general proxy paleoclimatic indicator, although whether its susceptibility in the red clay is comparable to pedogenesis intensity and requires further investigation. Magnetic susceptibility variation in the red clay thus also provides an eo-lian/pedogenic record of paleoclimatic evolution. Study of the background susceptibility indicates that, on average, the absolute scale of the paleoclimatic shift from red clay development to Quaternary loess deposition is similar to the climatic shift from stage 5 (S1) to stage 2-4 (L1). This may suggest that during the Quaternary there is an evident strengthening of the absolute wind intensity to bring more (about double) coarser and less weathered (non-SP fraction) eolian magnetic input from the source regions to the Loess Plateau than during the Pliocene. The presence of eolian red clay since 7.5 Ma BP in central-northern China implies an important envi-ronmental change from the underlying Cretaceous red sandstone. The red clay development was closely related to global drying and climate cooling since the Cretaceous and closely associated with the abrupt uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau at about that time. This uplift of the plateau intensified the East Asia monsoon system and started red clay deposition. 相似文献