围填海适宜性评估方法研究

从海岸的自然条件、海洋生态、开发利用现状,灾害地质、社会经济等因素分析、评价、筛选海岸围填海适宜性的评价因子,以辽宁省为案例,对建立的评价指标体系进行了实证研究,对验证结果进行了分析.据此为围填海的规划、管理探讨有效理论与技术方法.     

海湾围填海适宜性评估与示范研究

基于环境经济学和统计学的基础理论和评估方法,确定了船舶工业用海、港口用海、旅游娱乐用海、其它工业用海等重点用海行业,构建了适用于我国海湾的围填海适宜性评价体系,具体包括海岸、动力、冲淤、生物和水质等5个方面适宜性条件指标;在此基础上,测算确定了我国海湾围填海的区位适宜性参数和资源环境适宜性参数;最后,以海州湾北侧为例进...     

县级土地整治规划编制思路探讨——以诸城市土地整治规划编制为例

诸城市是国土资源部确定的土地整治规划编制6个试点县之一。结合诸城市土地整治规划编制,探讨县级土地整治规划的编制思路。首先准确定位土地整治规划的目标,进行前期研究,总结上轮规划情况,分析土地现状,开展专题研究,然后合理确定规划的目标,因地制宜地进行土地整治分区,最后规范确定土地整治重点项目。     

海孜煤矿煤矸石充填复垦技术研究

以海孜煤矿为例,针对长期开采造成的大面积塌陷区,以及煤矸石利用率低,大量压占土地现象严重等问题,根据因地制宜的原则,对选定的四个项目区进行煤矸石充填复垦工程.工程结束后,将恢复建筑用地30.55hm2,耕地367.44hm2,同时消耗煤矸石3153t,既解决了土地利用紧张的问题,又有利用保护环境,防治环境污染,具有显著...     

两种复垦地土壤理化性质的研究

利用粉煤灰和煤矸石作为充填基质充填沉陷地覆土造地是治理采煤塌陷区的重要方法之一.为研究煤矸石、粉煤灰充填复垦方式对土壤理化性质的影响,本文以淮南上窑粉煤灰场复垦地和新庄孜矿煤矸石充填复垦地为研究对象,分别对粉煤灰复垦地土壤样品、煤矸石复垦地土壤样品和对照地块土壤样品的土壤pH值、土壤含水量、土壤有机质、水解氮、速效磷、有效钾含量、冬小麦产量等指标监测分析.结果表明,复垦土壤pH值大于对照土壤样品,粉煤灰充填复垦土壤呈强碱性,煤矸石充填复垦土壤pH值接近对照土壤;粉煤灰充填复垦地粉煤灰层土壤含水量明显大于对照土壤样品,煤矸石充填复垦地煤矸石层土壤含水量明显低于对照土壤样品;复垦土壤有机质、水解氮、速效磷、有效钾含量、冬小麦产量低于对照土壤样品.粉煤灰充填复垦土壤水解氮含量、有效钾含量低于煤矸石充填复垦土壤,速效磷含量高于煤矸石充填复垦土壤.     

高铁大临设施用地复垦利用辅助系统的设计与实现

本文根据复垦利用流程及复垦业务功能需求,结合组件式GIS集成开发技术,基于VS2008与Arc En-gine平台,采用SQL Server 2005数据库设计并开发了高速铁路大临设施用地复垦利用辅助决策系统。该系统实现了复垦方向优化过程的自动分析、复垦利用参数的动态设定、复垦工程量及投资的自动计算,并在京沪高铁江阴制梁场得到应用,取得了良好的效果。     

矿区土地动态变化时空数据模型设计

在地下开采活动过程中,矿区地表地理实体具有明显的时空变化特征,本文是在分析现有时空数据模型的基础上,针对矿区采动受损地表实体的损害及修复,按照面向对象的思想,将矿区地面实体分为点、线、面三类,分别对各种受损对象设计了复垦区时空数据模型,在此基础上可以进一步构建矿区土地复垦时空数据库。     

Innovative Artificial Agro‐Ecosystems Enhance Soil Carbon Sequestration in Coastal Zones of Southeast China

Tidal flats, which are important reserved land resources, have a vital role in climate change. To evaluate the contribution of coastal saline soils to carbon sequestration, field tests were performed over a 3 year period at the Dafeng Wanggang Experimental Station in Jiangsu Province, China. Six artificial agro‐ecosystems, including wasteland (WL), freshwater fish culture (FC), Sesbania culture (SC), barley culture (BC), mixed culture of fish and Sesbania (MCFS) and mixed culture of fish and barley (MCFB), were established according to developmental processes of coastal saline soils. At the initial stage of tidal flat reclamation, the soil organic carbon (SOC) increased by 59.4 t ha^?1 in the FC system during 3 years, which was much higher than that of the WL system (40.7 t ha^?1). When the tidal flats evolved into high saline soils, the MCFS system sequestered SOC more effectively than the FC or SC systems with increases of 53.1, 16.9 and 8.3 t ha^?1, respectively. Subsequently, in the low saline soils, the maximum soil carbon sequestration was obtained in the MCFB system (35.8 t ha^?1) followed by the BC (17.5 t ha^?1) and FC (13.5 t ha^?1) systems. Therefore, proper development of tidal flats to farmland and the subsequent establishment of optimised artificial agro‐ecosystems make an important contribution to carbon sequestration and climate changes in coastal areas.     

Dynamic Parameters of Plant Communities Partially Reflect the Soil Quality Improvement in Eco‐Reclamation Area of an Opencast Coal Mine

The influence of soil physicochemical properties and the relationship between the plant community and edaphic factors have been studied through monitoring the community dynamic parameters and analyzing the soil properties from four plant plots at the Pingshuo opencast coal mine eco‐reclamation area. The results are obtained as follows: (1) the law of the quantity variation of total N and available K is affected by the different kinds of plant configuration mode. It is Robinia pseudoacacia + Pinus tabuliformis (SIV) > R. pseudoacacia (SV) > R. pseudoacacia + P. tabuliformis (SI) > R. pseudoacacia + Ulmus pumila + Ailanthus altissima (SIII). The quantity is close to or exceeds the level of the original geomorphology. The average content of available N has the following order: SIV > SI > SIII > SV; the average content of available P SV > SIII > SIV > SI, both are far below the level of the original geomorphology; pH SIV < SIII < SI < SV; bulk density SI < SIV < SV < SIII, moisture content SIV > SIII > SI > SV; in the soil layer of 20–40 cm, except the available P, other physicochemical factors are in accordance with the factors of the surface soil; (2) the population average density, height and diameter at breast height (DBH) have no obvious relevance with the average density of the stumpage; (3) the average density, height, and DBH of R. pseudoacacia are closely related to pH and the content of available N and available P and all the index can be fitted by the equation of linear regression of the edaphic factors mentioned above. The principal component analysis shows that the magnitude of the impacts of three kinds of edaphic factors on the R. pseudoacacia population has the following order: pH > available N > available P. The average density of U. pumila is closely related to the moisture content of the soil. This regression model can be used to direct the cultivation and propagation of R. pseudoacacia and U. pumila population at the mine eco‐reclamation area.     

SPATIAL-TEMPORAL VARIATION OF HEAVY METAL ELEMENTS CONTENT IN COVERING SOIL OF RECLAMATION AREA IN FUSHUN COAL MINE

Grid method is employed for sampling covering soil at the test field, which is reclamation area filled bycoal mining wastes for cropland in the Fushun coal mine, Liaoning Province, the Northeast China. The soil samples aretaken at different locations, including three kinds of covering soil, three different depths of soil layers and four differentcovering ages of covering soil. The spatial-temporal variation of heavy metal element content in reclamation soil is studied. The results indicate that the content of heavy metal elements is decreasing year after year; the determinant reasonwhy the content of heavy metal elements at 60cm depth layer is higher than that at 30em depth layer and surface is fertilizer and manure apphcation; the metal elements mainly come from external environment; there is no metal pollution comingfrom mother material (coal mining wastes) in plough layer of covering soil.