煤中金的研究现状及其展望

煤中金因其可异常聚集而日益受到重视,其潜在的经济价值又为该贵金属来源提供了新的途径.详细分析了前人对煤中金研究的相关文献,就煤中金的丰度、分布、成因及其工业前景进行了较全面的阐述,并重点讨论了煤中金异常聚集的地质机制,认为存在河流或大气降尘带入泥炭沼泽、同沉积过程中有机物质吸附富集和后生成因等3种主要的富集机制,且当煤被灰化后灰分中金会进一步富集,其富集度可以高出原煤的几倍,甚至几十倍,达到工业利用价值.深入揭示金在煤炭加工利用过程中的迁移、聚集的机制,发展煤中金的提取技术是很有必要的、前瞻性的工作,也是进行煤中伴生金地质经济评价的基础.     

煤矸石堆周围土壤重金属污染特征分析--以焦作市中马村矿为例

利用扇形布点法采集了焦作市中马村矿矸石堆周围土壤，对其中的Cr、Pb、Cu、Mn4种重金属含量进行了研究。结果表明：煤矸石的堆放对周围土壤造成不同程度的污染，重金属的含量随离矸石堆距离增大呈减小的趋势，主要受到风向的影响。     

热模拟实验中煤岩及壳质组饱和烃萜类系列化合物地球化学特征

通过对塔里木盆地煤岩与壳质组热模拟实验可溶有机物的色—质分析,煤岩和壳质组三环二萜烷具有低丰度、窄碳数（C19～C26）特征,且三环二萜烷主要来源于煤岩结构中具有三环萜骨架前身物的断裂释放。藿烷C31和C32-αβ22S/22（S+R）随着热模拟温度升高呈增加趋势,表明该地球化学参数是较好的热成熟度指标;αββ藿烷可以用来反映煤岩的热演化程度,且ββ构型向βα构型转化时需要一定能量;煤岩在未熟到成熟热演化过程中,藿烷具有ββ<βα<αβ的热稳定性。壳质组萜烷系列化合物的地球化学参数（以17β（H）三降藿烷、C29βα-藿烷、C31αβ22S/22（S+R））表明壳质组热演化史比煤岩有迟豫效应。      

华北晚古生代煤二次生烃的动力学模式

通过对不同成熟度煤样（０．５３－２．１１％）的动力学研究,展示了华北晚古生代煤动力学参数随成熟度由高而低,从低到高的动态演化规律,提出了煤的二次生烃动力学模式,依据该模式,华北晚古生代煤的二次生烃具有一定的阶段性,不同的演化阶段其二次生烃模式不同,初镒生烃以后,当煤的镜质组反射率为０．７－０．９％时,二次生烃高峰提前;若反射率为０．９－１．３％时,二次生烃高峰滞后,而反射率〉１．３％以后,二次生     

Resources of Kaolinite Rocks in China Coal Measures

The kaolinite rocks are very abundant in China coal mea-sures,most of which are very pure,excellent and in goodquality for industrial use.The geological feature,occurrence,origin and processing techniques are largely different fromthose of the traditional kaolins.The kaolinite rocks in Chinacoal measures are marvelous,but a large-scale kaolinite de-posit is rare in the world.The origin of kaolinite rocks in thecoal measures is under debate for a long time(Liu and Zhang,1 997;Liang,1 995;Boho…     

四川乐威地区晚三叠世含煤地层划分及煤层对比

四川盆地西南晚三叠世含煤地层为四川省重要的含煤地层,在该地区工作的各地勘单位对含煤地层的划分和命名存在较大差异。通过区域资料的分析对比,进行了含煤地层划分和煤层对比初步研究,认为垮洪洞组和小塘子组向东尖灭,须家河组一段由东向西超覆,不同命名的K7与高炭、K3与大白炭、K2与小白炭、K1与下元炭为同一煤层或层位。     

西藏安多土门格拉煤田沉积环境与聚煤规律

通过对土门格拉煤田沉积剖面的系统研究分析、沉积相进行总结,判断煤田的沉积环境,恢复了土门格拉煤田晚三叠世构造一岩相古地理格局。在研究土门格拉煤田控煤因素,特别是控煤沉积环境及控煤构造样式基础上,研究后期地质事件所诱发的主要构造活动对煤层的影响,剖析了该煤田的主要聚煤规律．     

论徐州弧的北界与找煤

传统认为徐州弧止于原丰沛断层南，其北则为东西向构造，经研究后认为，该弧的北界不但通过原丰沛断层，而且延至鲁中一带，通过对徐州弧北界的探讨，为丰沛断层南北的构造推断及找煤提供了新的思路。     

内蒙古东胜地区侏罗系砂岩铀矿体与煤层某些关联性

金属成矿与有机成藏的关联性是成藏成矿动力学研究的重要课题,东胜砂岩铀矿体与煤层或煤层气是何种关联尚不清楚。文中以多年勘探事实为基础,研究表明,东胜铀矿区铀矿体与煤层平面位置重叠或相近,剖面中铀矿体上下均有煤层,铀矿体与煤层垂距2～15m,两者厚度变化相互响应,铀矿体与煤层具有内在关联性。铀储层酸解烃类主要是CH4,与来自煤层的煤层气主成分一致,铀储层中从砂岩铀矿石,到铀矿化砂岩,再到无铀矿化砂岩,酸解烃类含量依次(CH4分别为569.43μL/kg、174.93μL/kg、156.12μL/kg)降低,铀矿化与煤层气内在关联明显。煤层、尤其是由它产生的煤层气是铀储层中铀矿物沉淀和成矿的重要还原剂,煤层及其厚度的变化可以作为本地区砂岩铀矿体勘探的有机质标志。     

Effects of Coal Rank and High Organic Sulfur on the Structure and Optical Properties of Coal-based Graphene Quantum Dots

Coal‐based graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were successfully produced via a one‐step chemical synthesis from six different coal ranks, from which two superhigh organic sulfur (SHOS) coals were selected as natural S‐doped carbon sources for the preparation of S‐doped GQDs. The effects of coal properties on coal‐based GQDs were analyzed by means of high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐Vis) absorption spectroscopy, and fluorescence emission spectra. It was shown that all coal samples can be used to prepare GQDs, which emit blue‐green and blue fluorescence under ultraviolet light. Anthracite‐based GQDs have a hexagonal crystal structure without defects, the largest size, and densely arranged carbon rings in their lamellae; the high‐rank bituminous coal‐based GQDs are relatively reduced in size, with their hexagonal crystal structure being only faintly visible; the low‐rank bituminous coal‐based GQDs are the smallest, with sparse lattice fringes and visible internal defects. As the metamorphism of raw coals increases, the yield decreases and the fluorescence quantum yield (QY) initially increases and then decreases. Additionally, the surface of GQDs that were prepared using high‐rank SHOS coal (high‐rank bituminous coal) preserves rich sulfur content even after strong oxidation, which effectively adjusts the bandgap and improves the fluorescence QY. Thus, high‐rank bituminous coal with SHOS content can be used as a natural S‐doped carbon source to prepare S‐doped GQDs, extending the clean utilization of low‐grade coal.