Research on the Effects of the Contents of Radioactive Elements on Granularity and Climate Change： An Example of SZK1 and SZK2 Drill Holes Strata in the Fuzhou Basin

INTRODUCTIONFuzhou basin is a faulted basin developed during the mid-late Quaternary,filled with marine ,terrestrial and alternating marine-terrestrial facies sediments (Lin,1979 ;Lan,et al .,1986 ; Han,etal .,1992 ;Ding,et al .,1992 ; Wang,et al .,2000 ; Wang,et al .,2002) .Inthe basin,concealedfaults are distributed. With the support of a project entitled“Testing exploration of active fault inurban area”of the National Development and ReformCommission,two drill holes (SZK1 and S…     

城市垃圾填埋场粘土基防渗浆材的实验研究

文章研制了一种低渗透系数并对污染物有一定吸附阻滞作用的浆材,即膨润土-粉煤灰-水泥(BFS)浆材,用于垃圾填埋场以防治渗沥液渗漏污染周围地下水和土壤。通过正交试验优选出了以膨润土为主的配方:膨润土22%~25%、粉煤灰20%~23%、水泥15%~18%、纯碱1.2%~1.4%、稀释剂TMH加量0.3%~0.45%。该浆材结实率大于99.6%,固结体28d渗透系数小于0.8×10-7cm/s,无侧限抗压强度小于2.0MPa,渗透系数比一般水泥粘土浆材降低约2个数量级。通过采自长春某垃圾填埋场的渗沥液进行固结体的渗透试验,该浆材的固结体对CODCr、氨氮和磷的吸附阻滞率均达到了82%以上。文章的创新点在于浆材配方的选材不但考虑了降低固结体渗透系数,使其符合规范要求,而且考虑了材料成分对渗沥液中污染物的吸附阻滞作用,同时降低了固结体的抗压强度和脆性,使其有一定的塑性和韧性,以适应填埋场的地基变形。     

废旧放射源的检测方法及其应用

根据地勘行业所用放射源的特点，确定了废旧放射源的种类、活度、表面剂量率和表面污染率等参数的检测方法，并将方法应用于对上百个未知放射源进行检测和档案整理，效果较好。     

中国城市固体废弃物甲烷排放研究

The greenhouse effect of methane (CH4) is only inferior to that of carbon dioxide (CO2). As an important anthropogenic emission source, the calculation of the emission amount of CH4 from waste treatment in landfills plays an important role in compiling greenhouse gases inventory and in estimating the climate change effects caused by increasing of greenhouse gases. Based on the previous work, and according to the sampling and analysis on municipal solid waste (MSW) in typical cities, the degradable organic carbon (DOC) percentile was identified in typical cities in recent years. According to the IPCC greenhouse gases inventory guideline and default method of CH4 emission from MSW landfills, and in light of MSW managing situation in different regions, the amount of CH4 emission was calculated. The results show that the amount of CH4 emission decreases geographically from east to west and it increases temporally from 1994 to 2004 in China.     

Sustainable Management of Electronic Waste (e-Waste)

Electronic waste or e-waste is one of the fastest growing areas of the international waste stream and is increasing at a much higher rate than all other waste streams. Fast growing electronics industries arising from the demands of information and communication technologies around the world coupled with the rapid product obsolescence and lack of end-of-life management options, have all led to the unsustainable management of the waste stream. Computers are manufactured from over 1,000 materials, many of which are toxic, and they contribute significantly to the e-waste stream, which is estimated to be ca. 20 to 50 million tonnes annually. Design for environment cleaner production, extended producer responsibility, standards and labeling, product stewardship, recycling and remanufacturing are some of the practices adopted by various countries around the world to deal with the e-waste stream. An overview of these practices is presented and the manner in which they contribute to the sustainable management of e-waste is discussed.     

高放废物处置库预选场地地学信息库的建立

本文以高放废物处置库预选场地甘肃北山玉门镇地学信息库的建立为例,详细阐述了地理信息系统在高放废物地质处置中的应用,并在此基础上分析了其应用前景,为不同层次的管理、科研人员提供了全新思路;介绍了将地理信息系统技术引入图件和资料管理的优点。     

山西（交城）花岗岩体地质环境与理化特征研究

本论文对交城花岗岩体的地质环境、工程力学和理化特征作了初步研究。认为交城岗花岩体的地质构造稳定、水文地质条件良好,岩性均匀,故选择交城花岗岩作为研究主岩,并对典型核素在填隙物和花岗岩上的吸附性能进行了试验。     

从断代到年龄测定

本文阐述了在地学领域中,对地层的研究需要一个时间概念,早期用“断代”这个方法。年龄测定是从放射性核素的应用开始的,以放射性核素特征为基础,把测年技术归为三类：单一核素的寿命;放射性衰变中的母子体关系,核辐射效应。而任何一种测年方法都有它的适用范围和对样品的要求,要涉及到不同的学科和技术领域。     

超临界萃取技术在生物资源开发和有机废水处理中的应用研究

超临界萃取技术在生物资源开发和有机废水处理中的应用研究＠刘华￥中国科学院地球化学研究所超临界ＣＯ＿２萃取,有机废水处理,珊瑚姜油,辣椒色素超临界萃取技术在生物资源开发和有机废水处理中的应用研究刘华（中国科学院地球化学研究所,贵阳５５０００２）收稿日期：１９...