卫星光学相机MTF在轨检测方法研究

调制传递函数是反映卫星光学相机成像性能的重要参数,针对调制传递函数多种在轨检测方法,本文在分析了可利用地面景物的基础上,结合目前卫星光学相机分辨率不断提高的现状,着重从原理和方法上介绍了利用不同亮度地块接壤的地面靶标进行检验的刃边法,同时依据实验研究成果,介绍了对原始刃边数据拟合和调制传递函数的频谱增密技术,这些技术对提高调制传递函数获取精度具有重要的作用。     

基于GIS与SDM技术的可视化空间数据分类研究

提出将GIS与可视化空间数据挖掘技术之集成的基本框架。在此基础上,基于VisualC++6.0和Ma-pObject2.0组件技术设计和开发了一个可视化交互空间数据挖掘分类系统,系统采用决策树方法和贝叶斯网络作为数据挖掘方法的基本算法,采用训练与学习相结合实现空间数据的分类。文中用实例数据对系统性能、算法和规则有效性进行了验证。结果表明,该系统是一个适用的、可扩展的可视化交互空间数据挖掘工具,系统能够实现数据挖掘实时动态的交互控制,实现了数据挖掘过程的可视化、挖掘模型的可视化和结果的可视化显示、可视化思考、可视化分析与评价。     

旅游地图功能刍议

旅游地图越来越受到人们的青睐,其功能不断发展并日渐明显,本文对旅游地图的功能进行了阐释和探讨。     

GPS测量在巴郎沟水电站施工控制网中的应用

介绍了巴郎沟水电站GPS施工控制网的布设、基线处理及平差方法,分析了GPS施工控制网精度及基线粗差,实现了在隐蔽地区较高精度GPS施工测量的应用.     

一类小波基函数的构造及其在测量数据处理中的应用探讨

Shannon函数有很好的滤波性能,但向两端衰减速度缓慢;Gauss“窗”函数有很好的控制小波衰减的特性,但其低通滤波效果较差。根据这两个函数各自的优点构造了一类新的小波基函数,分别为满足低通的父小波和带通的一阶、二阶母小波,讨论了它们的正交性、完备性和紧支集性等性质,以GPS资料为例,分析其信号平滑和压缩效应、边缘效应和奇异点检测,得出一些有益的结论,为大地测量数据处理提供一种小波分析方法。     

埃尔米特插值函数在公路平面线形设计中的应用

三次样条函数在公路平面线形设计中有广泛的应用,但由于没有统一的函数表达式且计算量大,因而在应用上不便。埃尔米特插值函数的特点决定其能很好地逼近被插值函数,且计算过程简便。公路平面线形实例设计表明,三次埃尔米特插值函数用于公路平面线形设计中,能够满足路线设计规范(JTJ011-94)的要求,其设计结果与三次样条函数设计结果接近。本研究建立了公路平面线形设计的埃尔米特插值函数方法,可供公路平面线形设计工作参考。     

Angular resolution of terrestrial laser scanners

Knowledge of a laser scanner's spatial resolution is necessary in order to prevent aliasing and estimate the level of detail that can be resolved from a scanned point cloud. Spatial resolution can be decoupled into range and angular components. The latter is the focus of this paper and is governed primarily by sampling interval and laser beamwidth. However, emphasis is often placed on one of these—typically sampling interval—as an indicator of resolution. Since both affect the resolution of a scanned point cloud, consideration of only one factor independent of the other can lead to a misunderstanding of a system's capabilities. This will be demonstrated to be inappropriate except under very specific conditions. A new, more appropriate resolution measure for laser scanners, the effective instantaneous field of view (EIFOV), is proposed. It is derived by modelling the shift variance of the equal angular increment sampling process, laser beamwidth-induced positional uncertainty and observed angle quantisation with ensemble average modulation transfer functions (AMTFs). Several commercially available terrestrial laser scanner systems are modelled and analysed in terms of their angular resolution capabilities using the EIFOV.     

Remotely sensed estimation of forest canopy density: A comparison of the performance of four methods

In recent years, a number of alternative methods have been proposed to predict forest canopy density from remotely sensed data. To date, however, it remains difficult to decide which method to use, since their relative performance has never been evaluated. In this study the performance of: (1) an artificial neural network, (2) a multiple linear regression, (3) the forest canopy density mapper and (4) a maximum likelihood classification method was compared for prediction of forest canopy density using a Landsat ETM+ image. Comparison of confusion matrices revealed that the regression model performed significantly worse than the three other methods. These results were based on a z-test for comparison of weighted kappa statistics, which is an appropriate statistic for analysis of ranked categories. About 89% of the variance of the observed canopy density was explained by the artificial neural networks, which outperformed the other three methods in this respect. Moreover, the artificial neural networks gave an unbiased prediction, while other methods systematically under or over predicted forest canopy density. The choice of biased method could have a high impact on canopy density inventories.     

一种深度图像拟合圆柱的优化方法

圆柱状构件广泛存在于古建筑仿真中,为了提高古建筑深度图像圆柱拟合的精度,针对古建筑仿真3维建模的特点,提出基于高斯图获取圆柱拟合参数初始值,然后利用圆柱距离函数参数化法进行非线性最小二乘拟合的圆柱拟合方法.实验证明,该方法不仅具有较高的精度,而且拟合结果稳定可靠.     

大庆采油一厂GIS数据查询与维护模块的设计与实现

利用VB在GeoStar地理信息系统开发平台上进行二次开发,实现大庆油田采油一厂水泡子地理信息系统的3维数据查询与维护。介绍了系统的模块组成和功能,以及实现各项功能的关键技术。该系统灵活实用、功能较全,通过实际生产应用,反映出在地面水域地理信息数据计算与管理、直观显示等方面具有很好的实用价值。