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11.
盐藻叶绿素荧光非光化学猝灭产生的条件和主要组分的检测 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
实验用盐藻取自天津溏沽轻工业部制盐研究所,应用叶绿素我技术检测盐藻悬浮液在暗适或稳态光合作用下的荧光产量(光化学荧光猝灭qP和非光化学荧光猝灭qN的进程)和在稳态后黑暗期间荧光产量的恢复(qN的暗豫动力学)。通过改变透导光强、脉冲频率和脉冲强度,寻找适当的条件以区分光诱导期间的qP、qN和随后黑暗期间qN的快(q^f)、中(q^m)、幔(q^s)三个组分。结果表明,qN的快相(q^f)仅在相对高的 相似文献
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The dissolved organic carbon pool (DOC) is among the largest reservoir of reduced carbon on our planet. The demonstration that DOC polymers remain in assembly/dispersion equilibrium forming microscopic hydrogels has a broad range of critical implications. Previous studies estimate that 10% of DOC could be assembled as gels, yielding values of 7 × 1016 g of organic carbon present as microscopic hotspots of high substrate concentration. This huge mass of reduced carbon emphasizes the need to develop reliable methods to systematically investigate the budget of self-assembled marine gels (SAG), and their role in biogeochemical cycling. However, a quantitative method to measure SAG in seawater has not been available. Here we present the validation of a simple assay to measure the mass of organic carbon assembled as microgels in native seawater. This method is based on the ratio of Chlortetracycline (CTC) fluorescence quenching between Ca bound to non-assembled organic molecules and molecules assembled as microgels. This assay can be readily implemented on board using a low cost fluorometer and provisions to measure TOC. 相似文献
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荧光猝灭法溶解氧传感器实验室校准方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对我国目前缺乏荧光猝灭法光学溶解氧传感器校准方法的现状,以AADI 4330F溶解氧传感器为实验对象,提出了一种适用于所有荧光猝灭法光学溶解氧传感器的实验室校准方法.该方法使用一个能够精确控制水体温度的自制校准装置,通过改变通入容器的氧气和氮气比例来控制容器内的溶解氧含量,在4个温度下分别测定至少10组水体温度值、传感器相位值和Winkler碘量法测定值数据,使用回归分析进行多项式拟合获取传感器校准系数.经过实验室验证,在校准试验温度范围内随机温度和溶解氧浓度下,使用该方法校准后传感器测定值与标准值偏差在±5 μmol/L以内,达到了仪器自身的准确度水平.本方法在校准结果准确度和温度适用范围等方面都明显优于两点校正法,表明该方法具有良好的校准效果和推广应用价值. 相似文献
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酰化高丝氨酸内酯化合物(acyl-homoserine lactone,AHL)是革兰氏阴性细菌(G-)群体感应的信号分子。本文建立1种从环境微生物中高效地筛选AHL降解菌株的方法。首先利用AHL作为唯一能源对环境微生物进行初筛,再利用顶层琼脂法和报告菌株Chromobacterium violaceumATCC 12472、Agrobacterium tumefaciensA136等进行复筛,共筛选得到21株具有AHL降解活性的菌株。对其中活性最高的菌株A11进行初步的菌种鉴定,通过形态观察、16S ribosomal RNA(16S rDNA)基因分析最终确定为假单胞菌属细菌Pseudomonassp.A11。 相似文献
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Hanne Dalsgaard Nielsen 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(5):710-717
The relationship between light acclimation and Cu2+ tolerance was studied in two populations of Fucus serratus known to be naturally non-tolerant and tolerant to Cu2+. Acclimation to high irradiances increased the photosynthetic tolerance to Cu2+. The xanthophyll cycle was apparently not involved in protecting the photosynthetic apparatus against Cu2+ toxicity, as results showed that Cu2+ did not induce dynamic photoinhibition. The higher photosynthetic Cu2+ resistance of high light algae did not result in increased growth. The excess energy acquired by high light-adapted algae appeared to be utilized in Cu2+ defense mechanisms in the Cu2+ non-tolerant population. The polyphenol content of the algae was reciprocal to the CuT content, suggesting that polyphenol may be the primary Cu2+ defense of non-tolerant low light algae, acting through secretion and extracellular chelating of Cu2+, while the compounds do not seem to be involved in the primary Cu2+ tolerance mechanism in Cu2+ tolerant algae. 相似文献
17.
Vladimir A. Krasnopolsky 《Planetary and Space Science》2011,59(8):754-766
A scheme of excitation, quenching, and energy transfer processes in the oxygen nightglow on the Earth, Venus, and Mars has been developed based on the observed nightglow intensities and vertical profiles, measured reaction rate coefficients, and photochemical models of the nighttime atmospheres of the Venus and Mars. The scheme involves improved radiative lifetimes of some band systems, calculated yields of the seven electronic states of O2 in termolecular association, and rate coefficients of seven processes of electronic quenching of the Herzberg states of O2, which are evaluated by fitting to the nightglow observations. Electronic quenching of the vibrationally excited Herzberg states by O2 and N2 in the Earth's nightglow is a quarter of total collisional removal of the O2(A, A′) states and a dominant branch for the O2(c) state. The scheme supports the conclusion by Steadman and Thrush (1994) that the green line is excited by energy transfer from the O2(A3Σu+, v≥6) molecules, and the inferred rate coefficient of this transfer is 1.5×10−11 cm3 s−1. The O2 bands at 762 nm and 1.27 μm are excited directly, by quenching of the Herzberg states, and by energy transfer from the O2(5Πg) state. Quenching of the O2 band at 762 nm excites the band at 1.27 μm as well. Effective yield of the O2(a1Δg) state in termolecular association on Venus and Mars is ∼0.7. Quantitative assessments of all these processes have been made. A possible reaction of O2(c1Σu−)+CO is a very minor branch of recombination of CO2 on Venus and Mars. Night airglow on Mars is calculated for typical conditions of the nighttime atmosphere. The calculated vertical intensity of the O2 band at 1.27 μm is 13 kR, far below the recently reported detections. 相似文献
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工程钻机及水井钻机转盘用大型推力轴承的加工比较困难,存在淬火变形问题,分析了轴承圈的淬火工艺及淬火变形产生的主要原因,通过设计心用简易淬火压床,改进淬火工艺,减小了轴承圈的变形,提高了制造质量。 相似文献
20.
群体感应是一种细菌细胞间的通讯过程, 细菌通过测量细胞外自诱导剂浓度从而感知群体细胞密度变化。群体感应使细菌能够在两种基因表达模式下转换: 在低细胞密度时有利于个体发展, 而在高细胞密度时则有利于群体发展。目前主要有7种群体感应通路, 分别以oligopeptides、AHL(Acylated Homoserine Lactones)、AI-2(Autoinducer-2)、CAI-1(Cholera Autoinducer-1)、PQS(Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal)、AI-3(Autoinducer-3)以及DSF(Diffusible Signal Factor)作为各群体感应通路的信号分子; 其中oligopeptides存在于革兰氏阳性细菌中, 其余6种信号分子存在于革兰氏阴性细菌中。弧菌是导致人类感染和水产品污染的主要病原菌, 传统的抗生素治疗弧菌感染具有很强的选择压力, 导致越来越多耐药弧菌出现。面对愈发严峻的弧菌耐药性问题, 目前群体感应淬灭被认为是治疗弧菌感染的重要替代手段之一, 因而有必要调查弧菌属细菌不同群体感应通路的分布情况, 为针对弧菌的群体感应淬灭剂研发提供重要参考信息。通过比较基因组学分析, 发现全基因组测序的46株弧菌存在AHL、AI-2以及CAI-1这3种信号分子通路, 其中5株弧菌均含有上述3种信号分子通路, 共有30株弧菌只含有AI-2和CAI-1两种信号分子通路; 而46株弧菌都不存在PQS、AI-3以及DSF群体感应通路。此外, 弧菌群体感应通路的分布与物种进化有关, 含有同种群体感应信号分子通路的弧菌, 其亲缘关系较近, 说明该通路的基因进化自它们的共同祖先。本研究表明开发针对弧菌的群体感应淬灭剂应以AI-2和CAI-1两种信号分子介导的通路作为靶点。 相似文献