四川宣汉盘龙洞晚二叠世生物礁古油藏剖面序列

盘龙洞生物礁发育于上二叠统长兴组的中上部,厚度约80m。生物礁主要为浅灰色块状海绵障积岩、海绵骨架岩。造礁生物主要为房室海绵、水螅、苔藓虫等;附礁生物主要为腕足、瓣鳃及腹足等;造架生物含量约为38％～50％;充填物为泥晶方解石,含量为50％～70％;孔洞丰富,多被方解石晶体充填,孔洞间连通性好。该生物礁及其上下地层均有大量的沥青,揭示着有过油气的运移过程。沥青充填可以分为两期：第一期充填于生物骨架孔隙、粒间孔隙、海绵体腔和都分其他生物体腔孔隙中;第二期主要充填于后期裂骧和次生孔隙中,该期的沥青广泛分布于生物礁和整个礁的盖层之中（包括亮晶砂屑灰岩和白云岩）,规模较大,含沥青的地层总厚度达120m左右。     

Distribution of Large Volume Image Data Using the Mixed Mode of Java Servlet and COM on Web

This paper reports some researches on distribution of large volume image data using techniques of the Mixed Mode of Java Servlet and COM on Web. The architecture and key technologies are discussed in detail. The web distribution system of image is implemented and the system is tested by the application instances. At last, the advantages and disadvantages for this web image distribution mode are analyzed.     

Longitudinal velocity patterns and bed morphology interaction in a rill

Present‐day understanding of rill dynamics is hampered by a lack of detailed data on velocity distributions in rills. The latter are dif?cult to collect with traditional techniques due to the very low water depths and the relatively high ?ow velocities in rills. The objectives of this paper were to investigate the feasibility of miniaturized acoustic Doppler velocimeter (mADV) measurements in rill ?ow and to explore longitudinal variations in ?ow velocities and their relationship with rill bed morphology. Detailed data on longitudinal ?ow velocity were required to achieve these objectives. A 1·8 m long rill was formed freely in a ?ume at 5° slope and 0·001 m³ s^?1 discharge. Rill topography was characterized by an alternation of steps and pools. The ?ume surface was then ?xed to preserve rill roughness. A topographical scanning of the entire ?ume surface was made. Velocity was measured with a mADV along the rill, and at different depths. Flow depth in a longitudinal direction was also measured using an elevation gauge. A strong relationship exists between rill topography and ?ow hydraulics. Over steps, ?ow was unidirectional and rapidly accelerating until a threshold Froude number (Fn) value between 1·3 and 1·7 was reached and a hydraulic jump occurred leading to the formation of a pool. In the pool, the ?ow pattern was multidirectional and complex. The ?ow was subcritical when leaving the pool and accelerated over the next step until the threshold Froude number value was again reached. Energy loss in the rill was concentrated in the pools, mainly due to the action of a hydraulic jump. This mechanism of energy dissipation appeared to be an essential factor in rill formation and bedform evolution. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Morphological effects of local scouring in step–pool streams

Step–pool morphology characterizes many high‐gradient streams in a variety of natural settings, but formative processes and evolutionary dynamics are still poorly understood. In this paper, natural step–pool geometry is compared with steep alluvial channels where grade‐control structures such as check‐dams and bed sills make the stream profile resemble a natural stepped stream. Along these channels, local scouring due to falling jets forms plunge pools under each structure, analogous to natural steps determining the formation of pools. In order to test the hypothesis that natural pools are analogous to pools formed below grade‐control works with respect to their dimensions, shape and formative dynamics, 37 natural pools and 73 artificial pools were surveyed in 10 mountain streams of the eastern Italian Alps. Pools below grade‐control works featured a transitional zone between the scour hole and the downstream sloping bed, marked by a depositional berm. When geometric parameters such as maximum pool depth, length and step–berm distances are normalized to the jet virtual energy, no statistically significant differences were detected between natural and artificial systems. These results lend support to an upstream‐forced cascade model for step–pool formation, where the energy of falling jets controls the geometry of the pools, and is therefore regarded as the most important scaling‐independent variable. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Characteristics of China’s oil and gas pool formation in latest geological history

1 Introduction China’s continent is a mountain-building zone made up of numerous micro-continental blocks and mini- continental blocks[1,2]. The continent has been sub- jected to the processes and evolution of three continual geodynamic systems of Paleo-Asia Ocean, Pa- leo-Tethys Ocean and Pacific Ocean[3]. The structural framework of China’s continent had been gradually finalized in the Neogene-Quaternary period owing to the India-Eurasia collision and its continuous com- pression[3], …     

我国浅层生物气藏的压力特征及成因探讨

对中国迄今已发现的浅层生物气藏研究资料的分析统计,发现这类气藏的压力系数大多数介于０．９￣１．１之间,属于常压气藏。该类气藏具有时代新（主要分布在第三系和第四系中）、埋藏浅（３０￣１５００ｍ）、水文地质条件相对开启、地层成岩作用弱、孔隙度和渗透率高、盖层封闭能力差、沉积剖面中砂岩含量高、经受的地层温度低、气藏高度小等特点,这是由其地质条件决定的。生物气藏这种特征,可为钻控这类气藏时,配用适当密度的     

杏子川地区油气藏形成条件分析

通过对油气运移、生储盖组合、砂体特征、油气藏类型、成岩作用、油水分布等制约和影响油气藏形成因素的分析，探讨了杏子川地区三叠系延长组长；油层组油气藏形成条件。结果表明，本地区为油气运移的长期指向区，具有良好的生、储、盖组合条件，三角洲平原分流河道砂体成为本区主力含油砂体，复杂的成岩特征造就了本区以成岩圈闭油气藏类型为主，油气主要分布于砂体中部物性较好、成岩作用较弱的部位。     

贵州赤水及邻区裂缝性气藏模式探讨

以“三结合”为基础，建立了本研究区碳酸盐岩裂缝性气藏模式。该模式对本区二，三纱裂缝性气藏的构造发展与演化配置关系，构造裂缝与油气成藏关系，储集体成藏机理与成藏关系进行了全面系统的“三分析”，归纳出十基成藏规律。     

塔里木北部中新生界油气藏的形成与远景

塔里木盆地北部中、新生界油气藏形成条件较好，其中储、盖及其组合条件优越，油气条件中等，圈闭及运移条件中等—偏差，油气藏保存条件中等—偏差。在库车坳陷具有形成大油气田的条件，其余广大地区，在组合条件较好的地区可形成中—小型油气田（藏）群。本区中、新生界油气田（藏）的分布具三种模式。目前区内从震旦系至上第三系９个层系内发现的规模不等的油气藏，有８０％集中在中、新生界内（主要分布在古隆起及斜坡带），证明其有广阔的油气勘探远景。