胶东大庄子金矿地质特征与成因探讨

大庄子金矿是我国首次发现赋存于胶东变质岩中大规模韧-脆性剪切带内的蚀变岩型及石英脉型金矿床.金矿化与绢英岩化、黄铁矿化、硅化和碎裂岩化有关.矿体受韧-脆性剪切带、黄铁绢英岩化、晚元古代晚期角闪岩相变质岩的共同控制.矿石矿物组合以自然金-金属硫化物-架状硅酸盐为主的组合类型.矿床属于在韧-脆性剪切作用下,与含金量较高的下元古界荆山群变质岩的形成、演化有成因联系的蚀变、重熔、交代中温动力热液改造型金矿床.     

包裹体爆裂法测试中石英α-β峰的产生原因及找矿意义

石英在爆裂法测试中常出现α-β峰,此峰是由爆裂温度大于573℃的高温流体包裹体,在α石英相变成β石英时,包裹体发生泄漏（非爆裂）形成的.在金矿地质找矿中,用α-β峰可判断矿脉的剥蚀程度,推测矿床成因     

地壳岩石的失水熔融实验

以岩石粉末试样的熔融实验为基础的 Ｑ Ａｂ Ｏｒ Ａｎ Ｈ２ Ｏ 体系的相关系表明,地壳岩石的熔融作用遵循矿物相消失所制约的固 液相平衡规律。然而,地壳岩石块状样品开放体系的熔融作用,其熔融机制、矿物相转变、初熔液相成分、残余固相等方面,均与地壳岩石封闭体系的熔融作用有很大差别。石英闪长岩开放体系的熔融实验表明,岩石的熔融首先从含水矿物的脱水熔融开始,从而熔体成分由基性逐渐转变为中酸性,残余固相趋于超酸性。这一实验结果对大陆地区岩浆起源和深部地壳物质组成的研究可能有新的启示。     

The nature of a dusty ring in Virgo

We detected a ring-like distribution of far-infrared (FIR) emission in the direction of the centre of the Virgo cluster (VC). We studied this feature in the FIR, radio and optical domains, and deduced that the dust within the feature reddens the galaxies in the direction of the VC but does not affect stars within the Milky Way. This is likely to be a dusty feature in the foreground of the VC, presumably in the Galactic halo. The H  i distribution follows the morphology of the FIR emission and shows peculiar kinematic behaviour. We propose that a highly supersonic past collision between an H  i cloud and the Galactic H  i formed a shock that heated the interface gas to soft X-ray temperatures. H  i remnants from the projectile and from the shocked Galactic H  i rain down on to the disc as intermediate-velocity gas.
Our finding emphasizes that extragalactic astronomy must consider the possibility of extinction by dust at high galactic latitude and far from the Galactic plane, which may show structure on 1° and smaller scales. This is particularly important for studies of the VC, e.g. in the determination of the Hubble constant from Cepheids in cluster galaxies.     

On bare carbon chain anions as possible carriers of the diffuse interstellar features

The recent hypothesis that some of the diffuse interstellar bands originate in bare carbon chains such as             and     is tested using echelle spectra covering the whole range of possible (i.e. found in the laboratory) transitions of these molecules. Most of the expected features are below the level of detection in astrophysical spectra, and even those observed show intensity ratios that are different from those in the laboratory. Thus the hypothesis is very unlikely to be true.     

Neutral gas and dust in the central region of the ultraluminous infrared galaxy Mrk 273

We have used MERLIN to observe neutral hydrogen absorption against the central region of the ultraluminous infrared galaxy (ULIRG) galaxy Mrk 273 with an angular resolution of 0.2 arcsec. This represents a factor of 5 increase in resolution compared with previous work. Absorption has been resolved against two of three radio continuum components. A Hubble Space Telescope ( HST ) image reveals a complex central region composed of clumpy emission obscured by dust lanes. We find that the northern and south-eastern radio components are associated with two optical components. The alignment supports the idea that Mrk 273 has a double nucleus due to a recent galactic merger event.
Broad, strong and spatially varying absorption is seen against the northern radio component with a velocity gradient of 1990±50 km s⁻¹ kpc⁻¹. The absorption resolves into six discrete components with an average column density of 1.7×10²² atom cm⁻². We propose that the absorption is due to a clumpy ring or disc of neutral gas of radius ∼250 pc rotating around a central starburst. In addition to the broad component, narrow absorption (<100 km s⁻¹) is detected against the northern and south-eastern components. Absorption is not detected against the weak (2 mJy) south-western component. We propose that the narrow absorption is due to quiescent gas in a large-scale dust lane that coincides with these regions of narrow absorption.     

The Exo-Zodiacal Disk Mapper: A Space Interferometer to Detect and Map Zodiacal Dust Disks Around Nearby Stars

We present a concept for a space mission designed to make a mid-IR survey of potential zodiacal dust disks around nearby stars. We show that a two-aperture (0.6 m diameter), 10-m baseline, nulling interferometer located in a 1 × 4 AU, 4-yr solar orbit would allow for the survey of 400 stars in the solar neighborhood and permit a first-order determination of the disk inclination and radial dependences of density and temperature. The high dynamic range of the instrument may also be used to study additional astrophysical phenomena. Beyond its own scientific merit, such a mission would serve as a technological precursor to a larger interferometer of the type being considered for the detection of earth-like planets.     

Aeolian dust in a saline playa environment, Nevada, U.S.A.

Saline playas in north-western Nevada, U.S.A., remnants of pluvial periods of the Pleistocene, represent a tremendous source of unconsolidated sediments available for aeolian transport. This study investigated the transport of aqueous-soluble solutes in dust from July 1994 through June 1996 along a transect from a barren salt-encrusted playa surface (elevation=1224 m), to a former pluvial lake beach (elevation=1228 m), to a dune-mantled upland (elevation=1248 m). The content of aqueous-soluble solutes in aeolian dust showed a significant (p≤0·05) interaction with dust trap location (playa, beach, dune) and time of collection. Dust collectors on the playa surface generally contained significantly more aqueous-soluble solutes and had greater total flux of solutes than either the beach or the dune locations. The solute content of aeolian dust was usually higher, in some cases several orders of magnitude, than that in the surface 5 cm of soil. Recent changes in playa hydrology may explain this result. Pulses of nitrate-rich dust, synchronous with spring emergence, and other nutrient additions via aeolian dust may have stimulated invasion of dune-mantled uplands by the weedSalsola paulsenii (barb-wire Russian thistle).     

西风带研究的重要意义

西风带作为北大西洋气候区和东亚季风气候区之间的联系纽带,对东亚季风气候和西风带气候具有重要影响,西风带在一定意义上控制着东亚季风的北界。西风环流与青藏高原相互作用,对亚洲季风区气候乃至全球气候都有极其深刻的影响。西风环流在冰期-间冰期旋回中的位置、强度的剧烈变化对东亚季风气候和全球气候影响显著,对季风降水、西风带降水时空分布及亚洲粉尘活动和黄土形成、堆积等都有非常重要的意义。