内蒙古道嘎金矿区地质特征及找矿地球物理标志

道嘎金矿化区位于内蒙古自治区额济纳旗境内,地处北山成矿带东段。区内主要矿体均赋存于碎石山组浅变质碎屑岩以及华力西期闪长岩体中,矿体的产出主要受北东向和近东西向断裂构造控制。区内金矿化类型以含金石英脉型为主,主要发育角砾状含硫化物石英脉和含电气石石英脉两种类型矿石,矿床成因属中温热液脉型金矿床。选择成矿地质条件最为有利的Ⅰ号和Ⅳ号两条矿脉所在区域展开激电中梯测量工作,结果表明,已知矿脉出露附近激电异常较明显,其异常范围的视极化率在5%~9%之间,视电阻率在50~300Ω·m之间。因此,该区找矿有效的地球物理标志为低电阻高极化率异常。     

黑龙江晨明地区两个晚三叠世岩体的地球化学特征及其意义

通过LA—ICP—MS锆石U—Pb测年及岩石化学分析,研究了黑龙江晨明地区跃进村岩体和云头砬子岩体的年代学、地球化学和形成环境。结果表明,跃进村岩体和云头砬子岩体的年龄分别为213±3 Ma和209±3 Ma,属于晚三叠世中期岩体。跃进村岩体岩性以石英二长岩为主,属于准铝质、钙碱性系列,轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素略亏损,属于I型花岗岩。云头砬子岩体岩性以碱长花岗岩为主,属于准铝质、碱性系列,轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素略亏损,属于A型花岗岩。两个岩体可能形成于海西—印支期造山带的造山隆起至后造山伸展环境的转换期。     

张家界砂岩地貌成因分析

张家界砂岩地貌特点是:天子山周边,峰丛林景观;赤铁矿红顶,泥盆系砂岩。即:天子山向斜周边为泥盆系地层,下部云台观组和上部黄家磴组构成张家界地貌的母岩地层,新构造运动隆升形成的峰林景观呈现了张家界地貌,石英砂岩顶部坚硬的赤铁矿保护了张家界地貌的形态。张家界地貌形态按照由老到新的发育次序,依次为夷平面、方山、石墙、穿洞、天生桥、峰丛和峰林。印支运动形成NEE向的索溪峪向斜,燕山运动形成NNE向的天子山向斜,张家界地貌围绕天子山向斜周边及索溪峪向斜南东翼发育。     

光释光测年法——综述及进展

光释光(OSL)测年是对沉积物最后一次曝光(或热)事件年代的测定,其测试对象主要为石英和长石。自20世纪80年代该方法提出以来,在国内外得到了广泛的应用。但国内不少地学工作者对该技术的原理与测年方式了解十分有限,为了使应用者能更好、更全面地了解和使用这一方法,对OSL测年法及其近年来的国内外主要研究进展进行了回顾,重点对OSL测年法的基本原理、样品采集及实验室前处理过程、等效剂量(De)值的测定方式、环境剂量率的计算,以及影响测年结果可靠性的重要因素等进行了全面介绍、分析和探讨。同时,对近年来国内外关于De值测定方法与技术上的进展及已经获得较可信年龄的相关方法等进行了总结分析,并对OSL可能测年的范围和影响结果可靠性的一些潜在因素,以及对获得100ka~1Ma间的年龄新的释光信号研究方法等进行了介绍和探讨。     

Metamorphism and kinematics of the early deformation in the Variscan suture of SW Iberia

The early (Devonian) collisional stage in SW Iberia has been investigated through the analysis of deformation in the Cubito‐Moura schists, the main lithology of an Allochthonous Complex putatively rooted in the suture between the Ossa‐Morena and South Portuguese zones. The first deformation in these schists (D₁) is recorded as a S₁‐L₁ mylonitic fabric well preserved in early quartz veins. Subsequent D₂ deformation caused the main folds and the main (S₂) foliation. After restoration, the stretching lineation (L₁) trends at a small angle with the Ossa‐Morena/South Portuguese suture. This trend, together with the top‐to‐the‐east kinematics determined from quartz microfabric is indicative of an oblique left‐lateral collisional scenario in SW Iberia. Chlorite–white K‐mica–quartz ± chloritoid multi‐equilibrium calculations yield P–T conditions in the range 0.9–1.2 GPa and 300–400 °C, during the first collisional stage. P–T conditions during D₂ were 0.3–0.8 GPa and 400–450 °C, thus indicating an important stage of exhumation of the Allochthonous Complex during these two collisional events, after subduction of the Ossa‐Morena Zone margin under the South Portuguese Zone continental crust. In the general context of the Variscan orogen, dominated by dextral collision, the left‐lateral convergence in SW Iberia can be explained in terms of the Avalonian salient represented by the South Portuguese Zone, which would impinge between Iberia and Morocco.     

Application of the titanium-in-quartz thermometer to pelitic migmatites from the Adirondack Highlands, New York

The 'TitaniQ' (Ti-in-quartz) solubility thermometer was applied to migmatitic metapelites from the southern and western Adirondack Highlands, New York, to examine the effect of granulite facies metamorphism on the distribution of Ti in quartz. Both cathodoluminescence imaging and quantitative traverses revealed that individual grains of Adirondack quartz are highly zoned with respect to Ti, and that core-to-rim decreases of Ti are common. Large ranges in calculated temperature were observed within each sample. One sample, not considered to be saturated with respect to TiO₂, gave maximum temperatures more than 100 °C lower than previously estimated peak temperatures. Rutile-saturated southern and western Adirondack samples yielded peak estimates of ≥803 ± 11 °C and ∼860–870 °C, respectively, which are similar to previous estimates from major phase thermometry. Minimum Ti-in-quartz matrix temperatures from rutile-saturated samples are 630 °C, which is interpreted as the closure temperature for Ti diffusion in quartz in these samples. This study demonstrates that Ti-in-quartz thermometry can yield details of rock evolution if the textural setting and reaction history of the quartz is clear, and can yield near-peak metamorphic temperatures in some cases, if care is taken to test for post-peak diffusional resetting.     

浙江大桥坞铀矿床斑岩体的“双层结构”与铀矿化

大桥坞斑岩型铀矿床产于中生代蒙山破火山口中一石英斑岩体的内外接触带及其隐爆角砾岩筒中。铀成矿主要与斑岩体的“双层结构”有关,即”双层结构”成矿模式。浅部石英斑岩为含矿岩体,深部花岗斑岩为矿源岩体。矿化以裂隙型、角砾型为主,矿体的形态主要呈细脉状、浸染状,与围岩界线不清。成岩物质来源于壳幔混源的富铀钙碱性岩浆。成矿物质主要来源于该深部富铀花岗岩浆冷凝结晶分异产生的富铀岩浆期后热液。其成矿过程主要是富铀岩浆期后热液流体沿断裂构造系统上升、运移,在浅部石英斑岩体内外接触带发生隐爆,成岩成矿。早期铀-赤铁矿化阶段形成贫铀矿化,晚期铀-金属硫化物矿化阶段,形成富铀矿化,两期叠加作用致富。     

东坪金矿床地质特征及构造控矿作用

东坪金矿床具有雁列式分布的矿体 ,石英脉型与钾蚀变岩型叠置的矿化 ,多期次成矿作用的贫硫富碲型矿石等 3大特点 ,其中尤以雁列式分布的矿体最为特征 ,其形成是由于燕山期该区在SN向应力场作用下 ,产生一对左旋力偶 ,形成了一组走向NNE ,倾向NW的左行雁列式压扭性断裂和一组走向NW ,倾向SW的右行雁列式张扭性断裂。而二者在空间相互追踪中 ,NNE向断裂又严格制约了NW向断裂发展 ,从而构成多字型断裂构造格式 ,控制了金矿成矿作用。     

鄂东南矿集区铜绿山矽卡岩型铜铁金矿床元素地球化学特征及其地质意义

铜绿山矽卡岩型铜铁金矿床处于长江中下游铁铜成矿带最西部的鄂东南矿集区,主矿体分布于燕山期闪长岩与下三叠统大冶群大理岩、白云质大理岩接触断裂复合带上,矿体呈似层状、透镜状和脉状产出。在详细研究铜绿山矿床成矿地质背景以及野外系统采样的基础上,通过对石英二长闪长岩和不同成矿阶段(矽卡岩阶段、退化蚀变阶段、氧化物阶段、硫化物阶段和碳酸盐阶段)样品分别进行主量、微量和稀土元素的地球化学分析,从元素地球化学角度讨论成矿流体的地质特征。结果表明:在接触交代过程中,Fe、Mn等元素逐渐被成矿流体从岩体中带出,在构造的有利位置发生沉淀并富集;当矿化强烈时,MgO含量急剧增高,CaO含量急剧降低,说明矿化可能与镁矽卡岩有关;Hf/Sm值从早期蚀变阶段普遍小于1变为晚期蚀变阶段普遍大于1,说明到了晚期蚀变阶段,成矿流体可能以富氟流体为主,野外观察到黄铜矿矿石往往产于透辉石矽卡岩以及晚期萤石脉切穿早期磁铁矿矿石现象也佐证了这一认识;从石英二长闪长岩到不同成矿阶段样品,稀土元素总含量总体上呈逐渐降低的演化趋势,而退化蚀变阶段样品的稀土元素总含量普遍较高,不排除可能发生稀土元素矿化。     

辽宁五龙金矿含金石英脉中石英标型特征及其找矿意义

辽宁五龙金矿含金石英脉中石英晶体的塑性变形显微裂隙和熔融现象普遍发育,在无矿石英脉中上述现象则不发育或缺失.气液包体在含金石英脉中数量多.成矿温度阶段性明显,沸腾现象也较发育.而在无矿石英脉中则反之.据包体化学成分推测成矿溶液化学成分属CO₂-H₂O-Cl-Na-Ca型,而无矿石英脉热液成分为CO₂-H₂O-F(Cl)-K-Ca(Mg)型,石英中微量元素浓集克拉克值(C_k)及相关系数表明Au、Sb、Bi、W、Ag为本区主要成矿元素.且含金石英脉的C_k值均大于无矿石英脉.热发光曲线在含金石英脉中主要为双峰和多峰型,而无矿石英脉则为单峰型,上述石英标型特征作为五龙金矿床石英脉中找金的重要标志.