‘Development’, resistance and the geographies of affect in Oecussi: Timor‐Leste's Special Economic Zone (ZEESM)

In 2013, it was announced that Timor‐Leste's Oecussi enclave would become the site of a special economic zone. Arid, and inhabited mostly by semi‐subsistence farmers from West Timor's Meto ethno‐linguistic group, the plan entails remaking the enclave as an industrial, transport and tourism hub. To facilitate this, in mid‐2015 the authorities began the process of clearing hundreds of indigenous gardens and homes from land slated for mega‐projects intended to make the region attractive to foreign investors. In this paper, I describe how, for many Meto, land tends to be experienced as a spiritually mediated ‘geography of affect’ (Lea & Woodward, 2010) in which questions of place, belonging, spirituality and personal fortune cannot easily be divided, a reality that raises questions about the suitability of the plan's vision of globalized and investment driven ‘development’. Drawing on Scott, I argue that in Oecussi, spirits associated with the land are not apolitical, but are sometimes perceived as acting to protect locals against powerful outsiders – a characteristically Meto ‘weapon of the weak’ that is in keeping with their previous encounters with colonial regimes.     

Fault structures and their geoelectric parameters in the epicentral zone of the 27 September 2003 Chuya earthquake (Gorny Altai) from resistivity data

This paper presents an integrated measurement technique based on DC methods (vertical electrical sounding, electrical resistivity tomography) which was used to identify faults and determine their geoelectric parameters in the western part of the Chuya basin. New information on the structure of the Chagan River valley located in the zone of the disastrous 27 September 2003 Chuya earthquake has been obtained from the results of these methods. Geoelectric cross-sections of the sedimentary sequence and the upper part of the basement were obtained from VES data, showing the block structure of the study area. Electrical resistivity tomography sections confirm the presence of a major fault between basement blocks of different heights and indicate the presence of faults bounding the valley on its right side and in the southwestern part.     

杭州西溪湿地生态旅游开发现状与前景初探

湿地生态旅游是基于丰富的湿地生态旅游资源发生的多种形式的旅游活动,它可以实现旅游者回归自然、体验传统文化和民俗风情、保护湿地生态环境的愿望。在实地调查和资料分析的基础上,文章总结了西溪湿地生态旅游的现状和存在的问题,探讨了该地生态旅游开发的优势及前景,并就杭州西溪湿地生态旅游开发模式、湿地生态环境及资源保护等提出建议。     

福建滨海沙滩保护和利用的建议

据调查,福建沿海分布有143处主要滨海沙滩,其中已开发利用28处,可合理利用81处,需加强生态保护修复的有21处,被严重破坏已不适宜做海滩资源的有13处。本文在介绍福建滨海沙滩分布及其资源特点基础上,阐述了沿海各地海滩资源的保护与利用现状,分析了主要的资源环境问题及成因,提出了制度建设、资源管控、优化岸滩工程、污染治理、公众宣传、资金保障等有针对性的对策措施。     

Contrasting rifted margin styles south of Greenland: implications for mantle plume dynamics

We present new and reprocessed seismic reflection data from the area where the southeast and southwest Greenland margins intersected to form a triple junction south of Greenland in the early Tertiary. During breakup at 56 Ma, thick igneous crust was accreted along the entire 1300-km-long southeast Greenland margin from the Greenland Iceland Ridge to, and possibly 100 km beyond, the triple junction into the Labrador Sea. However, highly extended and thin crust 250 km to the west of the triple junction suggests that magmatically starved crustal formation occurred on the southwest Greenland margin at the same time. Thus, a transition from a volcanic to a non-volcanic margin over only 100–200 km is observed. Magmatism related to the impact of the Iceland plume below the North Atlantic around 61 Ma is known from central-west and southeast Greenland. The new seismic data also suggest the presence of a small volcanic plateau of similar age close to the triple junction. The extent of initial plume-related volcanism inferred from these observations is explained by a model of lateral flow of plume material that is guided by relief at the base of the lithosphere. Plume mantle is channelled to great distances provided that significant melting does not take place. Melting causes cooling and dehydration of the plume mantle. The associated viscosity increase acts against lateral flow and restricts plume material to its point of entry into an actively spreading rift. We further suggest that thick Archaean lithosphere blocked direct flow of plume material into the magma-starved southwest Greenland margin while the plume was free to flow into the central west and east Greenland margins. The model is consistent with a plume layer that is only moderately hotter, 100–200°C, than ambient mantle temperature, and has a thickness comparable to lithospheric thickness variations, 50–100 km. Lithospheric architecture, the timing of continental rifting and viscosity changes due to melting of the plume material are therefore critical parameters for understanding the distribution of magmatism.     

山东饮用天然矿泉水及其勘查与保护

山东是饮用天然矿泉水资源大省 ,点之多、量之丰居全国前列。到目前为止 ,已鉴定矿泉水 36 1处 ,其中锶型118处 ,偏硅酸型 6 4处 ,锶偏硅酸型 15 1处 ,碘型等其它类型 2 8处。这些矿泉水所赋存的岩石类型多、岩性复杂且受断裂构造控制明显 ;具有达标元素较单一、水化学类型复杂、矿化程度较低、单井允许开采量相差悬殊且地域分布不均等特点。勘查与评价重点是寻找奇缺且又可能存在的锌型、锂型、碳酸型矿泉水。开发好矿泉水资源、实行规模开发、打造本省名牌、加强矿泉水资源的卫生防护与保护 ,对于确保山东矿泉水资源的持续开发与利用具有重要意义。     

PERMAFROST CHANGES AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ALONG THE QINGHAI－XIZANG HIGHWAY

ＰＥＲＭＡＦＲＯＳＴＣＨＡＮＧＥＳＡＮＤＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＡＬＰＲＯＢＬＥＭＳＡＬＯＮＧＴＨＥＱＩＮＧＨＡＩ－ＸＩＺＡＮＧＨＩＧＨＷＡＹ￥ＷａｎｇＳｈａｏｌｉｎｇ（王绍令）（ＬａｎｚｈｏｕＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＧｌａｃｉｏｌｏｇｙａｎｄＧｅｏｃｒ...     

鄂尔多斯盆地浅层大位移水平井钻井液体系优选

针对鄂尔多斯盆地浅层水平井钻井过程中的井壁稳定、井眼清洁、润滑减阻和储层保护的技术难题,通过分析储层的地质特征,在该区原用聚合物钻井液基础上,选择性加入MC-VIS、ABSN、纳米乳液和复合屏蔽暂堵剂,形成纳米乳液封堵钻井液体系,在保证施工安全的前提下,可将岩心渗透率恢复提高至8350%。通过七平1井的应用表明,纳米乳液封堵钻井液体系能够满足低渗透油层大位移水平井的钻井施工需求,为高效开发鄂尔多斯盆地浅层油气藏提供技术支持。     

浅谈露天矿山地质灾害防治与地质环境保护

文中简述了露天矿山开采活动与地质灾害成因联系,通过对紫金县某石场地质灾害现状,从不同角度分析了该矿山地质灾害的影响因素及成因机制,提出了可供参考的防治措施。并对矿山如何进行地质环境保护方面进行了探讨。     

根据烈度分布确定华北历史地震破裂区的经验准则及其应用

地震破裂区是地震时沿发震断裂带的同震错动面或破裂面在地表的垂直投影区域,指示了震源断层/破裂的位置与尺度。确定过去长期的强震/大地震破裂区是鉴别地震空区、研究与预测强震危险性的重要基础。对于现代强震,破裂区可运用多种现代技术方法确定,但对于历史强震,破裂区确定的方法需要探索与发展。以华北地区为例,研究利用烈度/等震线资料、结合地震构造与震区地表地质环境等信息确定历史强震破裂区的方法,并开展应用试验。结果表明:研究区现代地震破裂区延伸的烈度区间与极震区烈度、震区环境之间存在密切关系,基于这种关系建立了2条经验准则,可分别用于根据烈度分布确定华北2类震区环境(基岩区和厚层第四纪松散堆积覆盖区)历史强震破裂区的位置与延伸。文中还提出通过综合地震构造、现代小震/余震分布等信息,辅助确定历史强震破裂区横向宽度的思路与途径。作为应用试验,文中确定了5次历史地震的破裂区,结果表明本文发展的经验准则及相应方法适用于华北地区历史强震破裂区的确定。