The determination of potential difference by the joint application of measured and synthetical gravity data: a case study in Hungary

In an elementary approach every geometrical height difference between the staff points of a levelling line should have a corresponding average g value for the determination of potential difference in the Earth’s gravity field. In practice this condition requires as many gravity data as the number of staff points if linear variation of g is assumed between them. Because of the expensive fieldwork, the necessary data should be supplied from different sources. This study proposes an alternative solution, which is proved at a test bed located in the Mecsek Mountains, Southwest Hungary, where a detailed gravity survey, as dense as the staff point density (~1 point/34 m), is available along a 4.3-km-long levelling line. In the first part of the paper the effect of point density of gravity data on the accuracy of potential difference is investigated. The average g value is simply derived from two neighbouring g measurements along the levelling line, which are incrementally decimated in the consecutive turns of processing. The results show that the error of the potential difference between the endpoints of the line exceeds 0.1 mm in terms of length unit if the sampling distance is greater than 2 km. Thereafter, a suitable method for the densification of the decimated g measurements is provided. It is based on forward gravity modelling utilising a high-resolution digital terrain model, the normal gravity and the complete Bouguer anomalies. The test shows that the error is only in the order of 10⁻³mm even if the sampling distance of g measurements is 4 km. As a component of the error sources of levelling, the ambiguity of the levelled height difference which is the Euclidean distance between the inclined equipotential surfaces is also investigated. Although its effect accumulated along the test line is almost zero, it reaches 0.15 mm in a 1-km-long intermediate section of the line.     

山区遥感图像自动分类研究——以西南地区为例(英文)

In mountainous areas, it is the undulant terrain, various types of geomorphic and land use that make the remote sensing images great metamorphism. Moreover, due to the elevation, there are many areas covered with shadow, clouds and snow that make the images more inaccurate. As a result, it would be very difficult to carry out auto-classification of RS images in these areas. The study took Southwest China as the case study area and the TM images, SPOT images as the basic information sources assisted by the a...     

基于全站仪观测数据的三维平差模型及数据处理

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古建筑在日照、风压等因素的影响下,易产生老化变形,一般会采用及时补救的方法,有时并没有分析其根本原因,本文在布设动态监控网,获得监控数据后,用抗差卡尔曼滤波对监控数据进行分析的方法,对变形方向进行预测,预测值与平差值的误差均在限差范围内,且变化方向大致相同,可以将它作为古建筑变形方向的预报,做到防患于未然。     

凸包插值算法的改进与实现

研究了凸包插值算法在n维欧拉空间构造Delaunay三角网的应用,提出了其三角剖分不惟一的重大缺陷,采用了限制区域生长法解决了这一缺陷。     

电子地图多尺度显示中“放大镜”效果的实现

"放大镜"效果是电子地图多尺度表达的形式之一,能够以更多的细节显示某个或某几个重点,而其他区域则以较少的细节表示。"放大镜"效果的实现需要从数学基础、数据组织、显示调度等多方面进行改造,针对上述几方面讨论了"放大镜"效果的实现方式,并进行了实验论证。     

海底地形数据处理与DEM生成

分析了海底DEM生成经常会遇见的问题,介绍了坐标变换、接边处理、插值加密等数据预处理方法,最终生成海底规则格网DEM。     

引黄入晋工程的桩号系统设计与应用

对于象引黄入晋工程这样的由多个混凝土建筑物紧密且“硬性”衔接而成的,高精度、超长线路工程来说,村号系统设计是一个十分重要且具有实际应用意义的问题,为了避免高斯投影误差与高程投影误差对桩号的影响,解决桩号方面由此而引起的矛盾,以及满足工程远程运营管理对桩号的要求,作者提出了在工程的勘测设计、施工和运营管理等阶段中,应分别使用设计桩号、施工桩号和管理桩号,这３种桩号就构成了超长线路工程的桩号系统。文中     

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业务化运行的图文办公系统给土地划拨时空数据库的设计提出了新的要求,即不但要记录时空地块状态的变化,还必须描述表达引起变化的原因（审批事件）与变化过程。本文针对这一问题分析了土地提事件及其与时空地块状态因果关系的方法,并借鉴主动数据库领域的研究成果对土地划拨事件及其发生过程进行形式化表达。该方法还为此类系统流程控制的实现提供了新的思路,并为其数据库ＣＡＳＥ工具的设计与实现提供了基础。