Efficiency verification of a horizontal flow barrier via flowmeter tests and multilevel sampling

The remediation strategy for an industrial site located in a coastal area involves a pump and treat system and a horizontal flow barrier (HFB) penetrating the main aquifer. To validate the groundwater flow conceptual model and to verify the efficiency of the remediation systems, we carried out piezometric measurements, slug tests, pumping tests, flowmeter tests and multilevel sampling. Flowmeter tests are used to infer vertical groundwater flow directions, and base exchange index is used to infer horizontal flow directions at a metric scale. The selected wells are located both upstream and downstream of the HFB. The installation of the HFB produced constraints to the groundwater flow. A stagnant zone of contaminated freshwater floating over the salt wedge in the upper portion of the aquifer is detected downstream of the HFB. This study confirms that the adopted remediation system is efficiently working in the area upstream of the HFB and even downstream in the bottom part of the aquifer. At the same time, it has also confirmed that hot spots are still present in stagnant zones located downstream of the HFB in the upper part of the aquifer, requiring a different approach to accomplish remediation targets. The integrated approach for flow quantification used in this study allows to discriminate the direction and the magnitude of groundwater fluxes near an HFB in a coastal aquifer. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Irregular Satellites of Jupiter: a study of the capture direction

The irregular satellites of Jupiter are believed to be captured asteroids or planetesimals. In the present work is studied the direction of capture of these objects as a function of their orbital inclination. We performed numerical simulations of the restricted three-body problem, Sun-Jupiter-particle, taking into account the growth of Jupiter. The integration was made backward in time. Initially, the particles have orbits as satellites of Jupiter, which has its present mass. Then, the system evolved with Jupiter losing mass and the satellites escaping from the planet. The reverse of the escape direction corresponds to the capture direction. The results show that the Lagrangian points L1 and L2 mainly guide the direction of capture. Prograde satellites are captured through these two gates with very narrow amplitude angles. In the case of retrograde satellites, these two gates are wider. The capture region increases as the orbital inclination increases. In the case of planar retrograde satellites the directions of capture cover the whole 360° around Jupiter. We also verified that prograde satellites are captured earlier in actual time than retrograde ones. This paper was presented at the Asteriods, Comets and Meteors meeting held at Búzios, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in August 2005 and could not be included in the special issue related to that conference.     

一种基于正交投影的波束形成算法

提出了一种基于正交投影的波束形成算法.首先由MVDR算法确定初始权向量;其次根据该权向量与其它用户波达角方向的关系,建立干扰信号的导向矢量矩阵;然后通过正交投影原理,将期望信号的导向矢量投影到干扰信号的零空间上,从而求得最优权值.仿真结果证明了该算法的有效性.     

基于COS-2S模型的ADCP海浪方向谱估计

美国RD公司声学多普勒流速剖面仪(ADCP)使用的波向估计算法是迭代的最大似然算法(IMLM),IMLM可以准确估计出主浪向,但波向估计结果在主浪向以外其他方向上存在由噪声带来的能量分布,使得估计结果变得不准确。设计了基于COS-2S模型的波向估计方法,模型中只含有主波向,算法在准确估计主波向同时有效去除其他方向上噪声带来的能量分布。将一种混合遗传算法(HGA)代替遗传算法(GA)应用到波浪模型的参数求解中,HGA相对GA收敛更快,可有效找出全局最优解。仿真分析和实测数据表明,HGA和IMLM都能准确估计出波浪的主浪向,但HGA可有效去除主浪向以外其他方向上噪声带来的能量分布,HGA比IMLM更加适用于海洋各种噪声存在条件下的测量环境。     

招平断裂带北段构造控矿特征及找矿方向

招（远）平（度）断裂为胶东西北部三大控矿断裂之一。招平断裂北段玲珑金矿田范围内,向北分为NNE向九曲蒋家和NEE向破头青断裂,该文以它们的交会部位至2条断裂带在玲珑金矿田的结束部位及其所控金矿脉为主要研究内容,通过对招平断裂北段地质构造特征的研究,分析了招平断裂北段的形成和控矿机制,提出了破头青断裂不是控矿断裂的新认识,总结了该区金矿的赋存规律,预测成矿有利部位,提出找矿方向。     

基于滑动L2优化准则的GPS坐标时间序列重构

GPS坐标时间序列中不仅包含白噪声,还包含闪烁噪声、随机漫步噪声等有色噪声,这些噪声将影响GPS应用的可靠性,甚至可能对一些地球物理现象做出错误的解释,因此降低GPS坐标时间序列中有色噪声的影响、提高GPS精度是一个重要和基本的问题。提出了一种滑动L₂优化估计方法(ML₂),通过选取合适的窗口建立L₂优化模型,再利用交替迭代乘子法求解每段时间序列的优化问题,并逐年滑动得到整段GPS坐标时间序列的估计。实验结果表明,ML₂方法与奇异谱分析、小波分解、滑动普通最小二乘法相比具有更好的重构效果。     

广西凤凰山银矿床构造控矿与找矿方向研究

广西凤凰山银矿床位于西大明山复式背斜北东端的次级褶皱断裂破碎带中。本文基于区域构造背景,研究了凤凰山银矿床构造对矿化蚀变的控制作用,分析了控矿构造组合样式及其形成机理。认为矿体产于NWW向压剪性断裂中的局部张性地段,断裂产状变化部位以及NWW向断裂与NW向断裂交会部位是成矿有利部位。     

桦甸市张家屯矿区石英脉型含金矿床地质特征简述

张家屯金矿床是吉林省有色金属地质勘查局六○六队受吉林省桦甸市鑫利隆矿业有限公司的委托,对桦甸市大楼矿区张家区段石英脉型含金银铅锌矿床进行详查评价工作,通过地表工程及旧坑道调查,目前确定为一小型金矿床。工作结果表明,矿化系统有一定延深。本文对金矿床地质特征及矿床成因分析,认为构造、岩浆活动在成矿过程中起着重要作用,对吉林省该区金矿找矿有着指导作用,明确了本区找矿方向。     

陕西省镇安县金龙山金矿带控矿因素 与找矿方向分析

[摘要]金龙山金矿床主要赋矿地层为中泥盆统杨岭沟组的中厚层灰岩,上泥盆统南羊山组的粉 砂质(钙质)页岩夹中薄层灰岩,下石炭统袁家沟组的薄-中厚层灰岩、粉砂质灰岩。已知矿化体见于多 个层位的多种岩性岩石中。有利岩性对金矿化具有控制作用。金龙山矿区存在着明显的褶皱剪切带, 控制了以金、汞锑成矿带。由于受南北向构造的影响,本区存在着“东西成行,南北成列冶区域矿产的分 布特点。北东、北西断裂在有利岩性部位交汇形成的“米冶、“V冶,正是由于多组断裂的交汇形成了成矿 热液的通道,当这些透入性破裂构造发育在有利含矿岩层的剪切带上时,破碎岩石可直接构成工业矿 体。我们得出的金龙山金矿成矿热液来源于深部、向上运移中不断演化的混合热液,在有利的岩性与构 造成矿观点,在南秦岭沉积岩区金矿勘查领域可扩展许多地区,浸染状矿化有可能发现于除南羊山组之 外的四峡口、杨岭沟、冷水河、西口组,镇板断裂北侧的九里坪组、铁厂铺组等钙泥质粉砂岩层中;脉型矿 化可能发育于除袁家沟组、冷水河组之外的二叠系、三叠系的界河组、九里坪群灰岩中。     

内蒙古白云鄂博北部金矿成矿特征及找矿方向

[摘要]白云鄂博地区大地构造位置位于华北板块北缘西段中新元古代裂谷系,在其北部已发现 有赛乌素和比鲁特2 个金矿床,微量元素、稀土元素和H、O 同位素特征表明,白云鄂博群浅变质岩为矿 源岩。区域深断裂为主要的导矿构造,轴向近EW,向W 侧伏的同斜背斜为控矿构造,由其派生的纵张 断裂是主要的容矿构造。矿床成因为热水喷流沉积-热液叠加改造复合型,近年来,构造蚀变破碎带型、 糜棱岩型等新类型金矿体及其深部盲矿体的发现,揭示了该区具有较大的找矿潜力。依据成矿控制条 件,结合物化探测量成果,确定了干斯陶勒盖-敖勒呼地区、赛乌素32 号脉群西部和深部地区2 处找矿 靶区。