遥感影像三维可视化的实现及应用初探

三维可视化是众多GIS应用中的重要组成部分。本文就如何利用地形图和遥感图像等多源数据实现三维可视化的技术路线及相关原理作了详尽阐述并对其在地质中的应用做了初步探究,对野外地质区调工作部署有一定的辅助指导意义。     

小直径测斜仪的应用研究

介绍了研制的深孔用小直径测斜仪的构成、数据计算过程及处理原理、仪器的机械结构、测斜工艺流程及野外试验情况。     

三维地震属性分析解释技术在山西赵庄矿的应用

依托山西晋煤集团赵庄矿三维地震勘探项目进行三维地震属性分析解释技术的应用研究,对其关键技术进行了重点描述,并应用多种属性联合解释方式与三维可视化技术、三维地质建模技术相结合,对小的断层和陷落柱等进行了解释。同时,选取多种属性作为BP神经网络预测模型的基本参数,预测了煤层的厚度。通过对比目前煤田三维地震勘探中通行的常规资料处理解释和属性分析解释两种方法的效果,认为属性分析解释更加精细,成果更加可靠。     

三维地震勘探技术在新疆山区的应用效果

新疆准南煤田铁列克井田地形复杂,冲沟发育,多为"V"字型谷,沟谷坡度较陡,区内最高处海拔2 121m,最低处为铁列克河海拔1 471m,高差650m。针对该地区三维地震勘探的主要难点,提出了针对性的技术措施,除了确保野外地震采集质量及室内资料保真等处理外,资料解释采用了全三维精细解释。实际勘探成果证明三维地震勘探技术在西部山区也可取得较好的勘探效果,为西部矿井高产高效提供可靠的地质信息。     

三维地震勘探技术在开滦林南仓矿的应用

开滦林南仓矿位于华北平原北部,地面建筑物密集、煤层倾角大、地质构造复杂。为取得较好的三维地震勘探效果,针对该区的施工难点,采用了特殊观测系统设计与施工方法,确保障碍物地段覆盖次数与全区保持一致;在资料处理时采用了叠前时间偏移处理技术和目标处理技术,有效解决了陡倾角复杂地质构造成像及多煤层识别等难题。     

基于GIS的雷电灾害监测预警与数据处理系统

针对雷电灾害涉及的关键问题,基于ArcEngine开发平台,结合大型网络数据库sqlServer2005与空间数据库模型GeoIataBase,设计了具有3层逻辑结构的系统构架方案,构建了基于GIS的雷电监测预警与数据处理系统。该系统有效地将各种雷电数据与GIS平台进行无缝对接,并整合雷电预测模式,实现各种雷电数据基于GIS的实时监测处理与预测预警以及高效组织、存储与管理,满足各种雷电信息查询处理分析的需求;为气象部门对雷电灾害天气的监测、预报预警以及各种数据基于地理信息的处理分析等提供了有效的可视化平台,同时也为GIS与气象专业领域的结合进行了有益的探索。     

Array processing-a new method to detect and correct errors on array resistivity logging tool measurements

In recent years more and more multi-array logging tools, such as the array induction and the array lateralog, are applied in place of conventional logging tools resulting in increased resolution, better radial and vertical sounding capability and other features. Multi-array logging tools acquire several times more individual measurements than conventional logging tools. In addition to new information contained in these data, there is a certain redundancy among the measurements. The sum of the measurements actu- ally composes a large matrix. Providing the measurements are error-free, the elements of this matrix show certain consistencies. Taking advantage of these consistencies, an innovative method is developed to de- tect and correct errors in the array resistivity logging tool raw measurements, and evaluate the quality of the data. The method can be described in several steps. First, data consistency patterns are identified based on the physics of the measurements. Second, the measurements are compared against the consis- tency patterns for error and bad data detection. Third, the erroneous data are eliminated and the measure- ments are re-constructed according to the consistency patterns. Finally, the data quality is evaluated by comparing the raw measurements with the re-constructed measurements. The method can be applied to all array type logging tools, such as array induction tool and array resistivity tool. This paper describes the method and illustrates its application with the High Definition Lateral Log (HDLL, Baker Atlas) instru- ment. To demonstrate the efficiency of the method, several field examples are shown and discussed.     

Saturn's icy satellites investigated by Cassini-VIMS: I. Full-disk properties: 350-5100 nm reflectance spectra and phase curves

Saturn's icy satellites are among the main scientific objectives of the Cassini-VIMS (Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer) experiment. This paper contains a first systematic and comparative analysis of the full-disk spectral properties of Dione, Enceladus, Epimetheus, Hyperion, Iapetus, Mimas, Phoebe, Rhea and Tethys as observed by VIMS from July 2004 to June 2005. The disk integrated properties (350-5100 nm reflectance spectra and phase curves at 550-2232 nm) and images of satellites are reported and discussed in detail together with the observed geometry. In general, the spectra in the visible spectral range are almost featureless and can be classified according to the spectral slopes: from the bluish Enceladus and Phoebe to the redder Iapetus, Hyperion and Epimetheus. In the 1000-1300 nm range the spectra of Enceladus, Tethys, Mimas and Rhea are characterized by a negative slope, consistent with a surface largely dominated by water ice, while the spectra of Iapetus, Hyperion and Phoebe show a considerable reddening pointing out the relevant role played by darkening materials present on the surface. In between these two classes are Dione and Epimetheus, which have a flat spectrum in this range. The main absorption bands identified in the infrared are the 1520, 2020, 3000 nm H₂O/OH bands (for all satellites), although Iapetus dark terrains show mostly a deep 3000 nm band while the 1520 and 2020 nm bands are very faint. In this spectral range, the Iapetus spectrum is characterized by a strong reddening. The CO₂ band at 4260 nm and the Fresnel ice peak around 3100 nm are evident only on Hyperion, Phoebe and Iapetus. The phase curves at 550 and at 2232 nm are reported for all the available observations in the 0°-144° range; Rhea shows an opposition surge at visible wavelengths in the 0.5°-1.17° interval. The improvement on the retrieval of the full-disk reflectance spectra can be appreciated by a direct comparison with ground-based telescopic data available from literature. Finally, data processing strategies and recent upgrades introduced in the VIMS-V calibration pipeline (flat-field and destriping-despiking algorithm) are discussed in appendices.     

利用VB开发的MAPGIS明码数据格式文件生成系统

MAPGIS目前还没有提供直接由坐标数据输入成图的功能.利用VB开发的一个直接使用现成数据源生成MAPGIS的明码数据格式文件的系统,使得将现有数据加载到相关的地形、地质、物探等成果图件上的操作变得简单和十分方便.论述了系统的开发思路和主要特点.     

从南京市矿业经济构架概论矿业经济发展态势

从南京市的矿业经济成分入手,对矿山布局、加工水平、资源经济和社会效益等方面进行了分析,显示了乡镇矿业经济的发展情况.运用统计分析的结果说明南京市矿业经济总体特征和制约其发展的因素.提出了矿业经济发展的“矿山环境恶化变量“的概念以及与治理成本的关系,阐述了采矿活动对环境破坏与恢复治理的动态平衡原理.就OR值的优化也提出了相应的对策.运用宏观经济学等理论分析了区域性矿业经济发展的态势,围绕资源价值的加工放大能力产生的效益反哺环境治理的可行性进行了探讨.