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121.
Guojiang?WanEmail author Jing’an?Chen Siqin?Xu Fengchang?Wu P.?H.?Santschi 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(4):484-496
The fundamental assumption of 210Pb sediment dating is the stable flux of 210Pbex, which was derived from atmosphere and then transferred into sediments via lake water. When the sedimentation rate is relatively
constant, the 210Pbex activity in sediments will be exponentially reduced with sedimentation age. 210Pbex in lake water is incorporated into sediments mainly via organic particulates. If the sedimentation flux of organic matter
in lake water is suddenly increased, 210Pbex will be significantly deposited and then transferred into sediments. On the one hand such sudden purification effect is obviously
unfit for the fundamental assumption of 210Pb dating; on the other hand, the sudden enhancement of 210Pbex flux would be indicative of the conspicuous variation of primary productivity of lake water. This problem will be discussed
in accordance with the variation trend of 210Pbex in the vertical profile of recent sediments of Lake Chenghai, Yunnan Province. The sediment core was collected from the deep-water
area of Lake Chenghai in June 1997. The vertical profile of 137Cs activity is characterized by a tree-peak pattern. This profile gave reliable ages, and also showed the stability of sediment
accumulation in the recent ten years. The vertical profile of 210Pbex activity displays a specific distribution of peaks, and is similar to the vertical profile of Corg. This phenomenon seems to be related to the mechanism of constraining the transfer of 210Pbex into lake sediments. The average atomic ratios of Horg/Corg and Corg/Norg in Lake Chenghai sediments are 5.51 and 7.04, respectively, indicating that the organic matter was predominantly derived
from the remains of endogenic algae. In terms of the three-stage evolutionary characteristics of organic matter in sediments,
i.e., “deposition-de-composition-accumulation”, the sedimentation fluxes (F(Corg)) of organic carbon (Corg) since 1970 were calculated by modeling. The sedimentation fluxes of 210Pbex (F(210Pbex)) in different years display good synchronous relations with the sedimentation flux of organic carbon (F(Corg)), especially in the years of 1972–1974 and 1986–1989. The variation of F(Corg) led to the variation of F(210Pbex); the variation of F(210Pbex) reflects, to some extent, the historical variation of lake productivity. 相似文献
122.
The nitrogen relations of Enteromorpha spp. growing on intertidal mud flats have been examined over a twelve-month period. Nitrogen assimilation rates using 15N have been used to calculate the production of the alga and were between 0·046 and 0·217 mg (g dry wt alga)?1 h?1 A considerable quantity of the alga was buried beneath the sediment over the growth season and was calculated to be equivalent to an input of up to 9·52 g N m?2 per month and 32 g N m?2 over one complete growth season. Based on carbon, this latter value represented an input of approximately 320 g C m?2 annually. Low rates of nitrogenase activity (acetylene reduction) were found to be associated with the Enteromorpha. The organisms responsible for the nitrogenase activity were probably heterotrophic bacteria but they did not contribute significant quantities of nitrogen to the alga. 相似文献
123.
基于MODIS资料的2000-2004年江河源区陆地植被净初级生产力分析 总被引:18,自引:2,他引:16
基于EOS/MODIS卫星遥感资料的分析表明,2000-2004年江河源地区陆地植被平均年NPP为82.04 gC.m-2,相当于同期全国陆地植被年NPP的23%,其中2001年的年NPP最小,只有78.04gC.m-2,2002年最大,为85.44 gC.m-2.根据年NPP分布显示,黄河源区的植被生长状况要好于长江源区,其中在黄河源东南部陆地植被的年NPP>250 gC.m-2,为江河源区植被年生长最大的区域;该地区的植被年NPP最小值的区域分布在长江源的西北部地区,年NPP大部分<50 gC.m-2.江河源地区植被的年NPP表现为显著的年际变化特征,不同地区年NPP的变化特征各不相同;高寒草甸的年NPP为该地区所有陆地植被年NPP中最大,其5 a平均值为89.38 gC.m-2,其次为高寒草原和灌木及草本植被;由于地处高寒地区,温度成为影响该地区陆地植被净初级生产力的主要因素. 相似文献
124.
原子吸收分光光度法快速测定铬铁矿中钙、镁、锰 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过在标液中加入相应的Sr来消除离子干扰,采用原子吸收分光光度法快速测定CaO、MgO、MnO的含量,方法经国家标准物质验证,其RSD<2%(n=6)。其结果与标准值相符。方法达到了准确、简便、快速、实用性强。 相似文献
125.
G. K. Khachatryan M. B. Kopchikov V. K. Garanin M. V. Chukichev N. N. Golovin 《Moscow University Geology Bulletin》2009,64(2):102-110
The morphological and spectral-optical properties of diamond crystals from placers in North Timan rivers have been studied with IR-spectroscopy and cathode luminescence methods. As a result, correlation between external characteristics of diamonds (size and degree of mechanical damage) and number of optically active centers has been revealed. The habit and the type of distribution of structural defects in diamond crystals studied are comparable with those in diamonds from the Archangelsk Region and North Timan’s placers. Based on the obtained data, origin issues and possible primary sources of diamonds from North Timan’s placers are discussed. 相似文献
126.
多源遥感数据综合应用是遥感发展的必然趋势,统一的遥感数据空间尺度分级模型是多源数据集成与综合应用的基础。虽然已有多种空间尺度分级模型,但很多主流模型并非出于分尺度综合应用目的,缺乏客观的比较和评价。国家基本比例尺系统作为经过论证、中国应用面最广泛、接受度最高的一种尺度分级系统,是以应用为导向的遥感数据空间尺度分级模型的最优参照系。从不同视觉精度下国家基本比例尺对图像空间分辨率的需求出发,比较各空间尺度分级模型的层级分辨率与需求分辨率的匹配情况,包括OGC Well Known Scale Set的Global CRS84Pixel和Google Maps Compatible,以及NASA World Wind、Google Map、百度地图、天地图等软件平台采用的层级格网系统,以及"五层十五级"遥感数据组织模型,通过对数据信息冗余度的分析,对各个模型进行了评价。结果表明,在高视觉精度应用需求下,"五层十五级"模型与基本比例尺精度要求具有较明显的匹配优势,其次为OGC Google Maps Compatible模型和天地图模型,其余模型平均数据冗余倍数在2倍左右;在低视觉精度应用需求下,"五层十五级"模型平均数据冗余度仍为最低,其次为Google Map模型,其余模型平均数据冗余倍数都在2倍以上。 相似文献
127.
128.
Methane-rich fluids were recognized to be hosted in the reservoir volcanic rocks as primary inclusions.Samples were collected from core-drillings of volcanic gas reservoirs with reversed δ12C of alkane in the Xujiaweizi depression of the Songliao Basin. The volcanic rocks are rhyolite dominant being enriched in the more incompatible elements like Cs, Rb, Ba, Th, U and Th with relative high LREE, depleted HREE and negative anomalies of Ti and Nb,suggesting a melt involving both in mantle source and crustal assimilation. Primary fluids hosted in the volcanic rocks should have the same provenance with the magma. The authors concluded that the enclosed CH4 in the volcanics are mantle/magma-derived alkane and the reversed δ13C of alkane in the corresponding gas reservoirs is partly resulted from mixture between biogenic and abiogenic gases. 相似文献
129.
青藏高原主要生态系统净初级生产力的估算 总被引:37,自引:2,他引:35
利用青藏高原贡嘎山、海北、五道梁、拉萨等4个野外台站2000~2002年的观测数据、陆地生态系统模型与2001年MODIS遥感数据相结合的方法来估算青藏高原区域的净初级生产力。结果表明:青藏高原区域的净初级生产力空间分布趋势表现出由东南向西北逐渐递减的梯度,该趋势也与水热梯度表现基本一致;整个青藏高原的净初级生产力为302.44×1012 gC yr-1,其中森林的净初级生产力最高,120.11×1012 gC yr-1,占整个高原净初级生产力的39.7%;全年中夏季(6~8月) 的净初级生产力最高,246.7×1012 gC yr-1,约占全年总净初级生产力的80%。用实测数据验证模拟结果表明,二者非常相符。 相似文献
130.
正油气勘探经济评价是勘探项目可行性研究的重要组成部分,在此之前经济评价是从探明储量上报开始,在勘探阶段对经济评价工作研究较少,缺乏一套适应当前油气勘探市场形势的经济评价理论和方法(郭元岭,2005)。海上油藏相较于陆上成本更高、风险更大,因此本文针对海上油藏勘探开发特点,利用现金流法建立计算模型,由于勘探阶段资料相对匮乏,本次主要通过数据统计和类比等方法,以最简化的方式 相似文献