中国西部现今地壳形变与地震活动特征

以1999-2004年间中国西部地区近650个GPS站点的观测资料为基础,采用二维“高张力样条”函数内插算法获得了连续地壳形变场。结果表明,相对于稳定欧亚参考框架,中国西部现今地壳运动西强东弱,北向运动从西向东逐渐减弱,东向运动逐渐增强,青藏高原东缘及附近地区是东向运动的消减区带;主应变从西向东由压缩应变转变为拉伸应变;最大剪应变主要位于喜马拉雅地块及其东部地区;中国西部地区地震活动在空间分布上似乎集中发生在印度板块北东向挤压欧亚板块的两条共扼带内,与地壳形变场有一定对应关系,地壳形变的高应变率区为中强地震多发地带。     

Study on Recovering the Earth＇s Potential Field Based on GOCE Gradiometry

Given the second radial derivative Vrr（P） ｜δs of the Earth＇s gravitational potential V（P） on the surface δS corresponding to the satellite altitude, by using the fictitious compress recovery method, a fictitious regular harmonic field rrVrr（P）^＊ and a fictitious second radial gradient field V：（P） in the domain outside an inner sphere Ki can be determined, which coincides with the real field V（P） in the domain outside the Earth. Vrr^＊（P）could be further expressed as a uniformly convergent expansion series in the domain outside the inner sphere, because rrV（P）^＊ could be expressed as a uniformly convergent spherical harmonic expansion series due to its regularity and harmony in that domain. In another aspect, the fictitious field V^＊（P） defined in the domain outside the inner sphere, which coincides with the real field V（P） in the domain outside the Earth, could be also expressed as a spherical harmonic expansion series. Then, the harmonic coefficients contained in the series expressing V^＊（P） can be determined, and consequently the real field V（P） is recovered. Preliminary simulation calculations show that the second radial gradient field Vrr（P） could be recovered based only on the second radial derivative V（P）｜δs given on the satellite boundary. Concerning the final recovery of the potential field V（P） based only on the boundary value Vrr （P）｜δs, the simulation tests are still in process.     

兰州—白银多目标地球化学调查野外工作方法浅析

多目标区域地球化学调查从调查区表层、深层采样土壤元素分布特征入手建立土壤元素地球化学分配机制,以景观、地貌及地质特征为基础,选择合理的采样位置,正确的采样方法、采样层位,应用掌上机（Pocket PC）及数字填图系统（Rgmap）采集野外样品,本文以兰州—白银黄土覆盖区景观区为例,对表层、深层采样方法和技术要求进行探讨,对全省开展多目标地球化学调查,特别是野外工作方法提供借鉴。     

河西走廊疏勒河流域地质灾害危险性现状评估方法的应用——以甘肃省河西走廊(疏勒河)农业灌溉暨移民安置综合开发建设项目8个移民社区及配套工程建设为例

依据“建设用地地质灾害危险性评估技术要求”、利用野外踏勘及相关资料,对“甘肃省河西走廊（疏勒河）农业灌溉暨移民安置综合开发建设项目8个移民社区及配套工程”进行地质灾害危险性现状评估。结果认为：评估区发育和分布的地质灾害类型有土壤盐渍化、风蚀沙埋和洪水冲蚀。现状评估结果：土壤盐渍化和洪水冲蚀危险性均小;风蚀沙埋有1处危险性中等,其它危险性小。     

斜坡应力分布的系统测试与反演分析

采用简易、快速、经济的洞壁应力恢复法对某工程边坡勘探平硐洞壁应力场作了系统测试, 并采用FLAC2D软件对测试成果作了斜坡初始应力的反演分析。结果表明, 斜坡应力场随深度变化具有明显分带性, 应力量值随硐深曲线具有典型的驼峰式特征, 与理论分析结果相符, 表明该方法能较好地应用于斜坡应力场的系统测试和研究。成果对认识斜坡岩体的变形破裂及卸荷特征等具有重要意义。     

利用参考重力场模型基于能量法确定GRACE加速度计校准参数

利用多个参考重力场模型分别对GRACE一个月的实测加速度计观测数据进行检校.数值计算结果的比较分析表明了利用参考重力场模型确定加速度计校准参数是有效的.     

广西佛子冲铅锌矿田成岩成矿时代研究

广西佛子冲铅锌矿田位于桂东南博白-岑溪多金属成矿带的NE端,区内发育燕山期花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗斑岩和英安质凝灰熔岩等;其中花岗闪长岩和二长花岗斑岩与铅锌成矿关系密切,成矿岩体形成时代分别为156Ma和127Ma。     

天然气溶解过程中组分分馏模型及其应用

天然气不同组分在水中溶解度的差异,导致溶解相与残留游离相天然气组分组成不同,即发生组分的溶解分馏效应。溶解分馏效应在天然气水溶运移、溶解散失等过程中均有发生。揭示天然气组分的溶解分馏规律、建立定量分馏模型,有助于天然气气源对比和成藏过程示踪。以Henry定律为依据,对不同组分溶解特征分析,提出了溶解度分数的概念,并建立了溶解分馏模型。根据该模型和各组分的溶解度分数和天然气溶解量,可计算各组分的溶解分馏量,恢复天然气初始组成特征。计算表明,威远震旦系气藏初期的天然气组成为:CH4为72.70%,C2H6为0.09%,CO2为22.41%,N2为4.07%,干燥系数(C1/C1-5)为99.876%。溶解作用使天然气中CO2含量显著降低,烃类气体含量增加,而天然气干燥系数降低。结果有助于天然气成因判识和气源对比等。     

填土表面倾斜时的主动土压力计算

支护结构工程中,当坡顶填土表面倾斜时,无法采用常规的土压力理论进行计算。探讨了《建筑边坡工程技术规范》存在的问题,提出了推荐方法。通过算例验证了推荐方法,具有计算简单、计算结果合理的优点,可供工程设计中参考使用。     

Coseismic responses and the mechanism behind MW 5.1 earthquake of March 14, 2005 in the Koyna–Warna region, India

An earthquake of M_w 5.1 occurred on March 14, 2005, in the seismically active Koyna–Warna region in western India, the site known for the largest reservoir triggered seismicity (RTS) in the world. For more than four decades, earthquakes with M  4.0 have occurred in this region at regular intervals. Impoundment of reservoirs and changes in lake levels can trigger earthquakes by two processes of stress modifications, namely direct loading effect of the reservoir and diffusion through various faults and fractures. In this paper we analysed the reservoir water level data at Koyna and Warna reservoirs prior to the occurrence of the March 14, 2005 earthquake, to explain the dominant mechanism behind its occurrence and its correlation with the observed coseismic changes. We conclude that the diffusion process, not the reservoir load effect, is the dominating mechanism triggering earthquakes in the region. The coseismic changes in deep well water levels sensitive to earth tides are found to be to the order of 1–12 cm.