973计划资源环境领域数据汇交进展与数据分析

国家科技计划项目数据汇交对于促进科学数据的整合集成,增强国家科技投入的效益,提高我国科技计划项目管理水平具有重要意义。经过充分研究,科技部基础司选择国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资源环境领域作为试点,于2008年启动数据汇交工作,并专门成立数据汇交中心。2008年,按照数据汇交计划制定、数据汇交准备、数据实体汇交、数据共享服务4个阶段的工作流程,分已结题、即将于2008年结题和在研3种类型开展汇交工作,完成了24个结题项目的数据汇交,汇交数据总量超过620 GB。为了保证数据汇交的可操作性和规范化,数据汇交中心制定了包括核心元数据规范、数据文档格式等7项标准规范;研制了数据汇交软件工具;建立了海量数据存储环境;设计开发了数据汇交共享服务网络平台。面向数据服务进一步的需要,分析了已汇交数据情况,具体分为5种类型,即定点长期监测和野外定点调查类、区域调查和统计分析类、模型计算类、试验化验分析类、客观或主观描述类,并提出了相应的数据展示策略。     

斜坡降雨入渗在Flac中模拟

为了简化分析,在模拟斜坡降雨入渗暂态渗流时,通常没有考虑入渗和产流的耦合过程,通过施加流量边界或零水头边界进行地下水渗流计算,通过在FALC中利用内嵌的fish语言,考虑地表径流和地下渗流的耦合以及雨向影响下斜坡降雨入渗过程,并通过算例分析了考虑和不考虑耦合、对斜坡孔隙水压力分布以及考虑各种雨向作用下对坡面积水深度的影响。     

快速Hartley变换及其在图象复原中的应用

本文把快速Hartley变换引入到天文数据处理中,提出了计算Cells坐标的公式,编制了FHT算法程序。FHT与Cooley—Tukey的FFT相似,但FHT是实变换,不存在复运算,因此比FFT快得多。利用DHT与离散Fourier变换(DFT)的关系,DFT可以由FHT求出。FHT将广泛地用于谱分析,信号处理,图像处理等领域。     

泥质烃源岩密度分级分离与有机碳分配

选取东营凹陷第三系11 块泥质烃源岩样品,粉碎后按小于1.6 g/cm3,1.6~2.2 g/cm3 和大于2.2 g/cm3 的密度,分离成1,2,3 三个组分,希望可以把烃源岩中游离的有机质、无机矿物与有机黏土复合体分别提取出来。对各组分进行质量、有机碳及扫描电镜分析,探讨不同密度组分中有机质赋存形式及有机碳分配方式的差异性。密度分组后各组分的质量、有机碳量回收率基本上达到100%,表明密度分离方法可信,且对烃源岩的破坏较弱。通过扫描电镜观察发现,1 组分中存在大量的生物碎屑有机质,经盐酸处理后,有机质颗粒表面干净,而2,3 组分中只见有大量的矿物颗粒,但能谱分析显示了C 元素的存在。这些特征表明1 组分为生物碎屑有机质,而2,3 组分中有机质与无机矿物相混合。有机碳分析表明,1 组分有机碳含量平均高达14.24％,但其仅占全岩有机碳量的1.11%;2,3 组分中有机碳含量分别为3.26%,2.77%,两者占全岩有机碳量的90% 以上。由此看来与无机矿物相结合是烃源岩中有机质较为重要的赋存方式,这部分有机质对全岩生烃量的贡献不容忽视。     

珠江口盆地恩平凹陷油气充注期次及时间

应用储层流体包裹技术研究了恩平凹陷油气的成藏规律.结果表明,该区油气主要有两期充注,第一期充注时间较早(20 Ma),以油为主,原油主要来自深部文昌组中深湖相烃源岩,大量油气见于浅层储层;第二期充注时间较晚(5 Ma以后),以天然气为主,天然气主要源自文昌组烃源岩,油气主要分布在深层储集层中.研究认为第一期油气充注与盖层形成时间匹配不好,可能是浅层勘探失利的主要原因之一,因此勘探方向应以深层储层(文昌组)为主,寻找深层早期构造更为重要,是下一步勘探的重要领域.     

A comparison between 2D and 3D wavelet analysis method for asteroid family dynamical study

As found in previous studies (Bendjoyaet al. 1991) the wavelet analysis is a reliable tool for the determination of asteroid families. A comparison between the 2D and a newly developed 3D wavelet analysis is performed on 14 fictitious families numerically generated the members of which area priori known. It clearly appears that the 3D method brings improvements to the 2D approach. Indeed the 3D analysis appears well suited for all cases even for those corresponding to the very dense Flora region and for exotic families such as filamentar ones. With the 2D method, satisfying results are obtained for the simulations which correspond to 70% of the real asteroid families previously found. The aim of this paper is to show quantitatively the improvement of the 3D method versus the 2D one.     

天体周日视运动过程中天体高度的变化率

天体周日视运动过程中天体的高度不断变化，对天体观测的质量有直接的影响，通过分析天体周日视运动过程中天体高度的变化率，给出不同观测时机进行天体高度观测的特性，并用曲线图的形式给出天体高度变化率的极值点和零值点。航海人员可以从更深的层次认识天体周日视运动的规律，指导天文定位过程中对天体高度的观测。     

Cloning and characterization of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase encoding gene inGracilaria/Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase （GAPDH） plays important roles in various cellular processes. A cytosolic GAPDH encoding gene （gpd） of Gracilaria/Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis was cloned and characterized. Deduced amino acid sequence of the enzyme of G. lemaneiformis had high homology with those of seven red algae. The 5＇-untranslated regions of the GAPDHs encoding genes of these red algae varied greatly. GAPDHs of these red algae shared the highly conserved glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase active site ASCTTNCL. However, such active site of Cyanidium caldarium was different from those of the other six algae at the last two residues （CL to LF）, thus the spatial structure of its GAPDH active center may be different from those of the other six. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that GAPDH of G. lemaneiformis might have undergone an evolution similar to those of Porphyra yezoensis, Chondrus crispus, and Gracilaria verrucosa. C. caldarium had a closer evolutionary relationship with Cyanidioschyzon merolae than with Cyanidium sp. Virtual Northern blot analysis revealed that gpd of G. lemaneiformis expressed constitutively, which suggested that it might be house-keeping and could be adapted as an inner control in gene expression analysis of G. lemaneiformis.     

A high precision comprehensive evaluation method for flood disaster loss based on improved genetic programming

Precise comprehensive evaluation of flood disaster loss is significant for the prevention and mitigation of flood disasters. Here, one of the difficulties involved is how to establish a model capable of describing the complex relation between the input and output data of the system of flood disaster loss. Genetic programming （GP） solves problems by using ideas from genetic algorithm and generates computer programs automatically. In this study a new method named the evaluation of the grade of flood disaster loss （EGFD） on the basis of improved genetic programming （IGP） is presented （IGP-EGFD）. The flood disaster area and the direct economic loss are taken as the evaluation indexes of flood disaster loss. Obviously that the larger the evaluation index value, the larger the corresponding value of the grade of flood disaster loss is. Consequently the IGP code is designed to make the value of the grade of flood disaster be an increasing function of the index value. The result of the application of the IGP-EGFD model to Henan Province shows that a good function expression can be obtained within a bigger searched function space; and the model is of high precision and considerable practical significance. Thus, IGP-EGFD can be widely used in automatic modeling and other evaluation systems.     

天体周日视运动过程中天体高度的变化率

天体周日视运动过程中天体的高度不断变化,对天体观测的质量有直接的影响,通过分析天体周日视运动过程中天体高度的变化率,给出不同观测时机进行天体高度观测的特性,并用曲线图的形式给出天体高度变化率的极值点和零值点。航海人员可以从更深的层次认识天体周日视运动的规律,指导天文定位过程中对天体高度的观测。