用测井曲线识别地质标志层位

利用动态规划算法进行有序序列匹配来识别地质标志层位,在选取特征模式参数时,不仅考虑了曲线形态的特征,而且考虑了地层岩性的特征。对特征模式向量进行了量纲一致性处理。识别时既可以对全孔所有层识别,也可以只做部分层位识别,还可以分段识别。对山东唐口地区的几口井做了识别处理,均取得较满意的结果。      

用综合地震特征参数解释煤层厚度

介绍了用综合地震特征参数解释煤层厚度的具体方法。通过对淮南潘三矿东3、东4采区地震资料的重新处理,提取出对应13-1煤的T₅波的多个地震波动力学参数,将有效参数综合并进行煤层厚度的定量解释,提供了煤层平面等厚线图,经井下资料验证解释精度可靠。      

黄骅坳陷储集岩类型及其宏观特征

黄骅坳陷的储集岩有砂岩,碳酸盐岩和火山岩.砂岩是含油的主要储集岩,按其成因可分为河道砂体、三角洲砂体、近岸扇砂体、深水密度流砂体、堡砂坝、冲积扇砂体.这些砂体绝大多数集中在第三系,埋深在1500⁴000m.碳酸盐岩储集岩以粒屑灰岩为代表,是第三系渐新统中部的沉积,分布面积广,孔隙性能好.火山岩储层以中生界安山岩为代表.根据对岩芯的观察和大量镜下鉴定,将安山岩的储集空间分为8种类型.     

流化床混凝装置中多级速度梯度的建立及其对混凝反应的影响

利用不同性质颗粒在流化状态下可实现自然水力分级的特征,在流化床反应器中沿水流方向实现了多级速度梯度的建立。在研究流化床混凝反应器的混凝动力学特征基础上,探讨了以800 μm和1 200 μm树脂颗粒为固相的多级速度梯度流化床（MGF）的速度梯度分布特征、混凝效率和絮体形态特征,并与以1 200 μm树脂颗粒为固相的单级速度梯度流化床（SGF）进行了对比研究。结果表明：与单级速度梯度相比,多级速度梯度可为胶体或微颗粒的高效碰撞和絮体再增长创造更适宜的环境,有助于形成尺寸更大、密度更大的絮体,提高了絮体的可沉降性;MGF在处理人工配置的高岭土悬浊液和分散红染料废水时,混凝效率比SGF分别提高了2%～4%和7%～20%。     

Discovery of Pseudofrenelopsis gansuensis from the Lower Cretaceous of Wangqing, Jilin Province, and Its Significance in Correlation of Cretaceous Red Beds in China

New data from abundant vegetative shoots and cuticular analysis are provided for the Cretaceous cheirolepidiaceous conifer Pseudofrenelopsis gansuensis Deng, Yang et Lu. The material was found from a new locality of the Lower Cretaceous strata in the Luozigou Basin, Wangqing, Jilin Province, northeastern China. Pseudofrenelopsis is a common plant in the Dalazi Formation of the Yanji Basin about 150 km from Wangqing, but there exists different species, Pseudofrenelopsis dalatzensis only. Both P. dalatzensis and P. gansuensis have been recorded from the Lower Cretaceous of Jiuquan, Gansu Province, but they are in different stratigraphic horizons. The Lower Cretaceous plant-bearing strata in Luozigou have used to correlate with the Dalazi Formation of the Yanji Basin. The discovery of P. gansuensis, which is lower in horizon than P. dalatzensis in Jiuquan, may indicate that they are also different in horizon in Jilin. Cheirolepidiaceous conifers are among the few fossils of red beds of the Early Cretaceous in China. The present discovery of Pseudofrenelopsis gansuensis provides important evidence for classification, correlation and determination of geological ages of the Early Cretaceous non-marine red deposits of the two separate basins in remote areas of North China.     

白垩纪陆相红层及其古温度的氧同位素重建方法探讨

介绍了白垩纪陆相红层研究的现状及前景,特别是其在白垩纪陆相古气候恢复方面所具有的重要意义,并介绍了氧同位素测温方法的一般原理.在白垩系陆相红层古温度恢复过程中可能普遍使用两种载体：碳酸盐岩及三价铁氧化物.陆相红层古温度重建对于理解陆相古气候、陆相红层的形成机制、重大地质事件以及“温室气候"具有十分重要的科学意义.     

渤海南部S3孔晚第四纪海相地层的划分及环境演变

根据微体化石、粒度、孢粉、粘土矿物和碳酸钙含量等多项分析资料,以及古地磁、１４Ｃ和ＥＳＲ等项测年资料,划分出７个海相地层,它们是：中更新世中、晚期的Ｈ７（４１７．０～４６０．０ｋａＢ．Ｐ．）和Ｈ６（１５７．５～２３１．３ｋａＢ．Ｐ．）海相层;晚更新世前半期末次间冰期的Ｈ５（１００．６～１２４．３ｋａＢ．Ｐ．）和Ｈ４（７６．５～８７．６ｋａＢ．Ｐ．）海相层,末次冰期里两间冰阶的Ｈ３（５８．２～６７．４ｋａＢ．Ｐ．）和Ｈ２（２８～３６ｋａＢ．Ｐ．）海相层,以及冰后期的Ｈ１（８．５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．以来）海相层。其中Ｈ７为渤海海底最新确定的年代最老的海相层。以Ｓ３孔为主,与渤海中部的ＢＣ－１孔和西部的辛集孔对比,阐明了渤海晚第四纪海侵海退古环境演变历史     

辽西大平房-梅勒营子盆地九佛堂组珍稀化石层的划分与对比

辽西是世界上研究鸟类起源、恐龙进化、鸟类、哺乳动物以及被子植物的早期演化等最重要地区之一。本文重点论述了辽西大平房—梅勒营子盆地九佛堂组含珍稀化石的地层划分与对比。珍稀化石层自下而上包括有:九佛堂组第二段的喇嘛沟层、第三段下部的黄花沟层及第三段上部的原家洼层。根据所含介形类化石组合特征,将联合乡小鱼沟和胜利乡南炉一带含鸟类、翼龙类的化石层与喇嘛沟层对比,胡家营子、八棱观和车杖子一带的含鸟类、翼龙类的化石层与原家洼层对比。     

The stratigraphic record and processes of turbidity current transformation across deep‐marine lobes

Sedimentary facies in the distal parts of deep‐marine lobes can diverge significantly from those predicted by classical turbidite models, and sedimentological processes in these environments are poorly understood. This gap may be bridged using outcrop studies and theoretical models. In the Skoorsteenberg Formation (South Africa), a downstream transition from thickly bedded turbidite sandstones to argillaceous, internally layered hybrid beds, is observed. The hybrid beds have a characteristic stratigraphic and spatial distribution, being associated with bed successions which generally coarsen and thicken‐upward reflecting deposition on the fringes of lobes in a dominantly progradational system. Using a detailed characterization of bed types, including grain size, grain‐fabric and mineralogical analyses, a process‐model for flow evolution is developed. This is explored using a numerical suspension capacity model for radially spreading and decelerating turbidity currents. The new model shows how decelerating sediment suspensions can reach a critical suspension capacity threshold beyond which grains are not supported by fluid turbulence. Sand and silt particles, settling together with flocculated clay, may form low yield strength cohesive flows; development of these higher concentration lower boundary layer flows inhibits transfer of turbulent kinetic energy into the upper parts of the flow ultimately resulting in catastrophic loss of turbulence and collapse of the upper part of the flow. Advection distances of the now transitional to laminar flow are relatively long (several kilometres) suggesting relatively slow dewatering (several hours) of the low yield strength flows. The catastrophic loss of turbulence accounts for the presence of such beds in other fine‐grained systems without invoking external controls or large‐scale flow partitioning and also explains the abrupt pinch‐out of all divisions of these sandstones. Estimation of the point of flow transformation is a useful tool in the prediction of heterogeneity distribution in subsurface systems.     

南秦岭晚古生代海底喷气-沉积成矿系统

南秦岭显生宙喷气沉积成矿起始于晚志留世,泥盆纪是热水沉积成矿的主富集期,形成了以Ｐｂ,Ｚｎ为主的,伴生有Ｃｕ,Ａｇ,Ａｕ,Ｆｅ的矿床（体）和Ａｕ,Ｈｇ,Ｓｂ,Ａｓ等富集体,一般可划分出沉积和成岩两个阶段。之后发生了至少三个阶段的后生成矿作用,包括变质、改造、叠加成矿,以及局部的再造成矿。这一成矿系统有统一的物源和相似的金属组合,下伏沉积柱和基底提供了充足的Ｐｂ,Ｚｎ,Ａｕ,Ａｇ,Ｃｕ,Ｈｇ,Ｓｂ,Ａｓ以及Ｆｅ,Ｂａ等。成矿与该区地壳的构造盆地建造岩浆变质变形等演化相伴随,不同阶段与不同性质成矿流体的形成与贯穿造山前后的一系列热事件有密切成因联系,形成了这一金属硫化物成矿系统,并以主富集期和主要成矿形式给予命名