一种测震仪器数据流接入框架的设计与应用

为了满足对测震仪器的辅助性数据进行综合利用和交换共享的需要,通过分析地震数据采集器传输数据流的方式和特点,利用软件工程思想和面向对象的软件复用技术,建立了一种轻量级、可复用的应用框架,为面向测震仪器的数据接入程序设计提供了一种分布式、高性能、异步流水的体系结构。对框架的实现细节进行了详细阐述,并将框架成功应用于测震台站运行状态监视系统中,测试结果证明了框架的科学性、合理性和实用性,为框架的推广应用提供了典型示范。     

基础性地理国情监测的生产实践与应用思考

通过资料收集、数据生产获取了2005-2015 10年间四期地理国情监测成果,以此为研究对象,从监测要素流向,城市空间扩展,交通、水域、林草地变化等几个方面进行分析,得出了有价值的结论,再以其他资料进行验证,并对监测成果的应用进行探讨。     

通化盆地下白垩统烃源岩石油地质特征及生烃潜力研究

通化盆地是松辽盆地东部外围的油气远景区之一,烃源岩发育特征和生烃潜力等问题未知,制约着盆地基础油气资源研究和后续油气资源勘探部署工作。为揭示通化盆地下白垩统烃源岩生烃潜力和页岩油气的赋存状态,在盆地内部署通地1井,对岩芯样品进行系统取样,完成了暗色泥岩有机质丰度、类型和成熟度的测试工作。实验结果表明,通化盆地下白垩统亨通山组暗色泥岩有机质丰度较高,有机质类型以Ⅰ-Ⅱ1型为主,局部含有Ⅲ型,镜质组反射率分布范围为0.972%~1.127%,已进入大量生烃的成熟阶段;下桦皮甸子组暗色泥岩有机质丰度较高,有机质类型以Ⅰ型为主,局部含有Ⅱ和Ⅲ型,镜质组反射率在0.986%~1.399%之间,已进入大量生烃的成熟阶段。其地球化学特征和世界上许多页岩油气田的烃源岩有相似之处,综合研究表明通化盆地下白垩统具有较好的常规油气和页岩气生成潜力。     

Delineation of potential exploration targets based on 3D geological modeling: A case study from the Laoangou Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic ore deposit,China

The Laoangou Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic ore deposit (LAG) is a hydrothermal vein-type deposit in the East Qinling polymetallic metallogenic belt, which is controlled by NW-, NE- and nearly SN-trending faults and mainly hosted in the dolomite marble of Meiyaogou and Baishugou formations within the Luanchuan ore district (LOD). Although district-scale metallogenic prediction related to the Pb-Zn-Ag deposits in the LOD has been attempted, there have been no studies to formulate a detailed deposit-scale metallogenic prediction of the Pb-Zn-Ag deposit in 3D space. Here we selected the LAG to formulate a metallogenic prediction model for Pb-Zn-Ag deposit based on data from 1:10,000 scale geological map, and 66 boreholes and 39 sections of exploration lines on 1:1000 scale, to extract the salient spatial features of the deposit. We apply ordinary weights and weighted weights of evidence, followed by boosted weights of evidence, logistic regression and information entropy for integrating the features of the ore deposit for exploration targeting. The C–V fractal method is applied to classify the probabilities. Accordingly, three levels of exploration targets are delineated: the first level targets are mainly distributed in the periphery of known orebodies (M2, M3, II-3 and VI), which are also located in the ore-controlling strata and fault zones; the second level targets are located in the region of known orebodies, indirectly confirming that the prediction result is reliable; and the third level targets, which are mainly located at the contact between ore-controlling strata and metagabbro bodies, offer new targets for exploration in this ore district. Combining our results obtained in this study with those in previous studies, we provide some guidelines for exploration targets in the Pb-Zn-Ag deposits in the LOD, which might help in more effectively delineating the target zones.     

Petrography,chemical composition,and Raman spectra of chrome spinel: Constraints on the diamond potential of the No. 30 pipe kimberlite in Wafangdian,North China Craton

Conventional diamond exploration seldom searches directly for diamonds in rock and soil samples. Instead, it focuses on the search for indicator minerals like chrome spinel, which can be used to evaluate diamond potential. Chrome spinels are preserved as pristine minerals in the early Paleozoic (∼465 Ma), hydrothermally altered, Group I No. 30 pipe kimberlite that intruded the Neoproterozoic Qingbaikou strata in Wafangdian, North China Craton (NCC). The characteristics of the chrome spinels were investigated by petrographic observation (BSE imaging), quantitative chemical analysis (EPMA), and Raman spectral analysis. The results show that the chrome spinels are mostly sub-rounded with extremely few grains being subhedral, and these spinels are macrocrystic, more than 500 µm in size. The chrome spinels also have compositional zones: the cores are classified as magnesiochromite as they have distinctly chromium-rich (Cr₂O₃ up to 66.56 wt%) and titanium-poor (TiO₂ < 1 wt%) compositions; and the rims are classified as magnetite as they have chromium-poor and iron-rich composition. In the cores of chrome spinels, compositional variations are controlled by Al³⁺-Cr³⁺ isomorphism, which results in a strong Raman spectra peak (A_1g mode) varying from 690 cm⁻¹ to 702.9 cm⁻¹. In the rims of chrome spinel, compositional variations result in the A_1g peak varying from 660 cm⁻¹ to 672 cm⁻¹. The morphology and chemical compositions indicate that the chrome spinels are mantle xenocrysts. The cores of the spinel are remnants of primary mantle xenocrysts that have been resorbed, and the rims were formed during kimberlite magmatism. The compositions of the cores are used to evaluate the diamond potential of this kimberlite through comparison with the compositions of chrome spinels from the Changmazhuang and No. 50 pipe kimberlites in the NCC. In MgO, Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ versus Cr₂O₃ plots, the chrome spinels from the Changmazhuang and No. 50 pipe kimberlites are mostly located in the diamond stability field. However, only a small proportion of chrome spinels from No. 30 pipe kimberlite have same behavior, which indicates that the diamond potential of the former two kimberlites is greater than that of the No. 30 pipe kimberlite. This is also supported by compositional zones in the spinel grains: there is with an increase in Fe³⁺ in the rims, which suggests that the chrome spinels experienced highly oxidizing conditions. Oxidizing conditions may have been imparted by fluids/melts that have a great influence on diamond destruction. Here, we suggest that chrome spinel compositions can be a useful tool for identifying the target for diamond potential in the North China Craton.     

Geological characteristics and analysis of known and undiscovered graphite resources of China

Graphite is one of the most essential non-metallic minerals with a wide variety of uses, and is an important commodity used in the emerging industry of China. Graphite is sourced from 170 mine areas in China from 25 provinces. This contribution is on a study of 15 regions in China with known graphite resources based on the spatial and temporal analyses of the regional metamorphic, contact metamorphic, and hydrothermal types of graphite. The knowledge gained on the metallogenesis of graphite in China is used to develop a model for choosing prospective regions for graphite, and to target areas for detailed exploration. It outlined 28 prediction areas with predicted graphite resources of about 1.63 billion tonnes to a maximum depth of 500 m in the Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Inner Mongolia and Hunan provinces. And of these, the predicted flake graphite resources in the Heilongjiang Province has been totalling almost a billion tonnes representing almost 60% of China’s graphite resource. As a result of this study, it is concluded that graphite has been formed during restricted periods of time, with the regional metamorphic type being the main style present in China.     

Petrogenesis and metallogenic potential of the Jurassic porphyries in the northwest Zhejiang Province,South China: insights from SHRIMP zircon geochronology,geochemistry, and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopes of the Huangbaikeng ore-bearing porphyries

The northwest Zhejiang Province is a key domain for providing deep insight into the crust–mantle interaction and tectonic evolution of the South China block. In this paper, we collect geochemical, geochronological, and isotopic data of the Jurassic porphyries in this region, and investigated the Huangbaikeng ore-bearing porphyry in the Tongcun Mo–Cu deposit, using it as an example to uncover the porphyry petrogenesis and evaluate their metallogenic potential. Two varieties of the Huangbaikeng porphyry were distinguished: the medium- to coarse-grained type and medium- to fine-grained type. Zircon Sensitive High-Resolution Ion Microprobe U–Pb dating indicates that they were emplaced at 161.8 ± 2.8 and 162.7 ± 3.5 Ma, respectively, which are consistent with the molybdenite Re–Os ages of 163.9–161.8 Ma. The inherited zircons age spectrum significantly recorded a series of geological events, for example, assembly and breakup of the Columbia and Rodinia supercontinent, and the Triassic collision of Yangtze and North China blocks. Whole rock Sr–Nd and Jurassic zircon Hf isotopic data yield mostly negative ε_Hf(t) values (0.5 to ?8.4) and ε_Nd(t) values (?0.79 to ?4.82). Besides the Huangbaikeng porphyry, all the Jurassic porphyries in the northwest Zhejiang Province have a wide range of SiO₂ contents (76.78–60.91 wt.%). They do not contain typical aluminous minerals (e.g. cordierite and garnet), and are mainly metaluminous to weakly peraluminous with high Na₂O, low FeO^T/MgO, and Zr + Nb + Ce + Y concentrations in composition. They thus fit the I-type granite definition. Some major and trace elements show strong correlations with SiO₂, possibly indicating extensive fractional crystallization during their magma evolution. Tectonic discriminations imply that these plutons were likely formed in a volcanic arc regime possibly related to subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific plate. Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic data suggest a mixed source of the Mesoproterozoic crust and 30–50% mantle components. Compared with the adjacent Dexing Cu-bearing porphyies, which have more positive ε_Hf(t) and ε_Nd(t) values with more significant mantle components (55–70%), the Jurassic porphyries in the northwest Zhejiang Province probably lack metallogenic potential to form a giant porphyry copper deposit as Dexing.     

证据权模型与含矿网格单元蒙特卡洛法相结合的资源潜力评价新方法

本文提出了计算含矿单元数概率分布函数的新方法,在此基础上,把证据权模型矿产资源评价方法得到的含矿网格单元作为蒙特卡洛模型中的统计对象,得到了与证据权模型找矿法结合的含矿网格单元蒙特卡洛法矿产资源潜力评价方法。该方法可以把评价工作区的矿产空间分布信息、成矿模式和找矿模型、成矿-找矿空间信息引入蒙特卡洛方法中,无需估计矿床个数分布,减少了工作步骤和评价误差,可提高工作效率和自动化。对实际案例的应用表明该方法是可行的。     

东昆仑夏日哈木铜镍矿床Ⅱ号岩体辉长岩形成年龄与找矿潜力

东昆仑夏日哈木铜镍矿床以赋存110万吨Ni金属成为全球镍床近二十年来最重要的发现之一,也是仅次于金川岩浆铜镍矿床的中国第二大铜镍矿床。矿区发育5个镁铁-超镁铁质岩体,目前仅Ⅰ号镁铁-超镁铁岩体内发现了具有经济价值的超大矿体,110万吨Ni金属均赋存Ⅰ号岩体内;其他4个岩体中仅Ⅱ号岩体发现了矿化,是多种构造体制叠加岩浆活动的结果。调查发现Ⅱ号岩体的主要岩性是辉长岩,LA ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测试获得Ⅱ号岩体辉长岩的成岩年龄为385.2 Ma,比Ⅰ号岩体成岩成矿时代稍年轻,属于早泥盆世岩浆活动的产物。岩浆铜镍矿体多赋存于辉石岩与橄榄岩中,辉长岩内一般无经济价值的矿体存在。在夏日哈木矿区,辉长岩基本是含矿辉石岩及橄榄岩的围岩,辉长岩中所见的铜镍矿化也是后期岩浆活动贯入的表现。结合区域年代学综合分析认为,夏日哈木超大型岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床的形成,是早泥盆世早期岩浆活动于柴达木盆地边缘东昆仑造山带夏日哈木地区具体的成矿表现。目前所发现的Ⅱ号岩体以辉长岩为主,不具备成镍矿良好条件,较难发现有经济价值的铜镍矿体。     

诸广中段中山地区铀矿床地质特征及找矿潜力分析

文章简要介绍了诸广中段中山地区的地质背景,认为其具有较好的铀成矿地质条件。区内铀矿体具有"三层楼"式的空间分布特征,主要成脉状、透镜体状产出。铀矿石类型主要为碎裂岩型、硅质角砾岩型及微晶石英脉型。通过对控矿因素的详细分析,认为铀矿化受地层、岩体及其内外接触带和构造的多重控制,但以构造控矿为主,蚀变对矿化具有一定的影响;铀矿化富集中心深部及外围尚有较大的找矿空间,具备较大的找矿潜力,有望进一步扩大铀资源规模。