配电网GIS管理系统的设计与应用

针对目前配电网管理中空间数据管理薄弱,各部门共享性低的问题,将地理信息系统技术与Oracle数据库管理相结合,充分发挥了GIS在空间查询、统计和分析等方面的优势,具有灵活显示图形信息、修改报表结构和属性信息、提供所需的供电范围分析、GPS电力线路巡检等功能,为配电网运行提供了良好的可视化管理与决策手段。     

浅析地理信息系统课程在土木工程专业开设的必要性

介绍了地理信息系统在土木工程专业的广泛应用,论证了土木工程专业开设地理信息系统课程的必要性,并提出了兰州理工大学土木工程专业GIS人才培养途径和地理信息系统课程在土木工程专业开设的初步设想。     

基于分离式金字塔模型的测绘立体影像数据检索系统设计与实现

针对立体影像数据查询检索的现状,找出其在测绘应用中的不足。首先搭建测绘影像数据检索系统的总体框架,其次提出对测绘立体影像数据进行基于分离式金字塔模型的瓦片处理并且对其创建混合网格索引(HGI),最后根据其不同的检索功能运用不同的检索算法,基于B/S结构,运用ArcSDE、Oracle相关组件、Tomcat相关网络技术,采用VS.NET2005(C#)、AE等开发实现多功能的测绘立体影像数据检索系统。     

烟台市国土资源移动应用系统建设探讨

烟台国土资源移动系统应用GIS强大的移动性、服务实时性、数据资源多样性和信息载体的多样性,使其能够通过无线通信技术与服务器端交互,在移动的过程中随时随地不受限制地把采集相关信息及时处理并发布给用户,进行空间信息服务。该系统建设是完善国土资源信息化建设的内容之一,是国土资源实时办公、动态监管的需求,是实现国土资源管理部门办公多样化,提高国土资源信息获取、分析、决策效率的强烈需求。     

INSTABILITY OF SYMMETRIC TYPHOON CIRCULATION AND ADAPTIVE OBSERVATION

This study presents a new way to identify the sensitive areas for typhoon adaptive observations, that is, sensitive areas are determined by invoking the negative anomalies of moist potential vorticity (MPV). It is found that the areas of negative MPV are the symmetric instability areas and can be taken as sensitive areas for typhoon adaptive observations. Three typhoons in 2008, Nuri, Fung-wong, and Fengshen, were simulated with the help of MM5 model. It is shown that these typhoons are well simulated in the first 12 hours. Based on these investigations, the calculations of MPV are carried out sequentially. The result shows that the negative maxima of MPV are always around the typhoon eyes for all the cases, which means that the sensitive areas are also near them all the time.     

近40年河北省地表干燥度的时空变化

利用河北省1970-2007年48个气象台站逐日资料, 采用Penman-Monteith模型计算潜在蒸散量, 由潜在蒸散量和降水量之比构建干燥度指数, 并采用Kriging插值法进行空间插值以分析其区域特征。结果表明:1970-1985年, 由于降水量减少和潜在蒸散量减少, 蒸散量的减少速率大于降水量的减少速率, 地表干燥度指数呈下降趋势, 潜在蒸散量的显著减少是地表干燥度下降的主要原因, 而风速和日照时数的显著降低决定了潜在蒸散量的显著下降; 1986-2007年, 由于年平均气温的显著升高, 潜在蒸散量增加, 使得地表干燥度略呈上升趋势。河北省地表干燥度高值区分布在张家口地区的桑洋盆地和坝西高原, 而低值区主要在燕山南麓低山丘陵地区的承德西南部、唐山的北部和秦皇岛中北部大部分地区。干燥度减少区域主要集中在河北省东北部至河北省西部的带状区域。     

Mesoscale Vortex Generation and Merging Process： A Case Study Associated with a Post-Landfall Tropical Depression

An observational analysis of satellite blackbody temperature (TBB) data and radar images suggests that the mesoscale vortex generation and merging process appeared to be essential for a tropical-depression-related heavy rain event in Shanghai, China. A numerical simulation reproduced the observed mesoscale vortex generation and merging process and the corresponding rain pattern, and then the model outputs were used to study the related dynamics through diagnosing the potential vorticity (PV) equation. The t...     

2007年淮河流域暴雨期间大气环流特征分析

利用NCAR/NCEP再分析资料及国家气象信息中心30年气候平均降水资料,通过动力诊断与分析手段研究了2007年6—7月发生在我国淮河流域的暴雨。结果表明,淮河流域的环流垂直结构和降水有着非常好的对应关系。暴雨期间,鄂霍茨克海阻高与乌拉尔山阻高这种双阻高形势对于淮河流域的持续降水提供了很好的条件;南亚高压高层(200 hPa)基本为正散度区,低层(850 hPa)为负散度区,上下层强烈的抽吸结构对暴雨的发生也是非常有利的条件,同时,在淮河暴雨期问,南亚高压(200 hPa)与500 hPa西太平洋副热带高压有着相向而行的移动路径;位涡对于分析冷空气的活动,有着比较清晰的意义,暴雨发生前,有明显的正位涡异常从高纬度向低纬度伸展。大气非绝热加热分析结果显示,视热源和视水汽汇两者的高值中心与相应时段暴雨中心位置一致。     

“珍珠”（0601）异常急翘路径和内核结构变化的诊断分析及数值研究

使用FY2卫星TBB资料、NCEP最终分析资料(1°×1°)和中尺度模式WRF,对0601号强台风"珍珠"的"急翘"异常转向路径和内核结构变化进行诊断分析和数值模拟。结果表明:"珍珠"移向变化与环境引导气流和位涡倾向1波分量正异常有关,"急翘"前12小时,环境引导气流向北偏转,位涡倾向1波分量正异常对应着"珍珠"移动方向变化;内核非对称结构发展与环境风垂直切变演变有关,垂直切变使得涡旋倾斜,涡旋倾斜方向出现较强的上升运动,导致"珍珠"内核偏南象限对流活动较强。     

A Case Study on a Quasi-Stationary Meiyu Front Bringing About Continuous Rainstorms with Piecewise Potential Vorticity Inversion

A 4-day persistent rainstorm resulting in serious flooding disasters occurred in the north of Fujian Province under the influences of a quasi-stationary Meiyu front during 5-8 June 2006. With 1°× 1° latitude and longitude NCEP reanalysis data and the ground surface rainfall, using the potential vorticity （PV） analysis and PV inversion method, the evolution of main synoptic systems, and the corresponding PV and PV perturbation （or PV anomalies） and their relationship with heavy rainfall along the Meiyu front are analyzed in order to investigate the physical mechanism of the formation, development, and maintenance of the Meiyu front. Furthermore, the PV perturbations related to different physics are separated to investigate their different roles in the formation and development of the Meiyu front. The results show： the formation and persistence of the Meiyu front in a quasi-WE orientation are mainly due to the maintenance of the high-pressure systems in its south/north sides （the West Pacific subtropical high/ the high pressure band extending from the Korean Peninsula to east of North China）. The Meiyu front is closely associated with the PV in the lower troposphere. The location of the positive PV perturbation on the Meiyu front matches well with the main heavy rainfall area along the Meiyu front. The PV inversion reveals that the balanced winds satisfying the nonlinear balanced assumption represent to a large extent the real atmospheric flow and its evolution basically reflects the variation of stream flow associated with the Meiyu front. The unbalanced flow forms the convergence band of the Meiyu front and it mainly comes from the high-pressure system in the north side of the Meiyu front. The positive PV perturbation related to latent heat release in the middle-lower troposphere is one of the main factors influencing the formation and development of the Meiyu front. The positive vorticity band from the total balanced winds is in accordance with the Meiyu front band and the magnitude of the posit