紫色土的钾素形态转化

采用室内盆钵培养方法 ,研究侏罗纪蓬莱镇组 (J3P)、沙溪庙组 (J2 S)、遂宁组 (J3S)和白垩纪城墙岩群 (K1 C)紫色岩层发育土壤的钾素形态转化。结果表明 ,一年后 ,紫色土交换性钾增加 2 0mg.kg- 1 以上 ,非交换性钾增加 10 .5 8mg .kg- 1 ,结构钾减少了 31.5 6mg .kg- 1 。交换性钾、非交换性钾增加顺序分别为 :J3P >J3S >J2 S >K1 C及K1 C >J3P >J2 S >J3S ;结构钾降低的顺序为 :J3P >J3S >K1 C >J2 S。紫色土交换性钾、非交换性钾及结构钾互为消长有利于土壤源源不断地供给作物有效态钾素 ,一定程度弥补因作物带走的钾。     

不同剂型维生素C对中国对虾的营养研究

研究不同剂型维生素Ｃ对中国对虾生长及其含量的影响，结果表明：增重率以维生素Ｃ磷酸酯镁和维生素Ｃ硫酸酯钾为最好，其次为多聚磷酸酯，结晶维生素Ｃ最差，分别较对照组增重１４．７％、１１．４％、８．９％及２．７％；存活率以维生素Ｃ多聚磷酸酯为最佳，其他剂型的维生素Ｃ的存活率皆相差不大。不同剂型维生素Ｃ在对虾组织中以游离态维生素Ｃ和磷酸酯形式存在，其在肝胰脏中的含量大于在肌肉中的含量。在肝胰脏中的含量以维生素Ｃ多聚磷酸酯组为最多，较结晶维生素Ｃ及对照组分别多４２．５９及９３．１７μｇ／ｇ湿重；在肌肉中的含量以维生素Ｃ硫酸酯组为最多，较结晶维生素Ｃ及对照组多４１．５６及４．９．５５μｇ／ｇ湿重。     

OSL dating of sediments from deserts in northern China

Aeolian samples from deserts in northern China were studied using the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) of quartz and potassium (K) feldspar separates. K-feldspar has shown advantages over quartz for dating samples younger than 100 years, due to its more homogeneous equivalent dose (D_e) values, higher internal dose rate and higher luminescence sensitivity to dose. Without additional measurements, the luminescence characteristics of quartz obtained in D_e determination procedures can be used to reveal the source material and/or quartz thermal history for the deserts in northern China. The results indicated that the duration of paleosol formation in desert areas reflects regional paleoenvironments.     

成岩过程中的“耗水作用”及其石油地质意义

受济阳坳陷古近系中深部储层出现异常低压的启示，讨论了成岩过程中主要矿物蚀变的“耗水”问题，并从理论上计算了这种蚀变的耗水量。初步研究表明，成岩过程中矿物蚀变的“耗水作用”可使地层水大量减少，在没有外部流体补充的情况下，相应地层必然呈低压状态，并与围岩形成一定的压力差，易于烃类进入成藏。     

硫酸银催化容量法快速测定土壤中的有机碳

在硫酸溶液中，以Ag2SO4为摧化剂，加入过量K2Cr2O7标准溶液氧化土壤中的有机碳，然后用FeSO4标准溶液滴定剩余的K2Cr2O7标准溶液，返滴定法测定有机碳含量。实验测得S为0．0186(n＝15)，RSD％为3．60(X^-＝0．518％)；到定土境和水系沉积物等国家标准物质中有机碳的含量，相对误差小于11．5％。     

碳酸钾焙烧分解富钾页岩的实验研究

通过实验探讨了富钾页岩 碳酸钾体系热分解反应过程。以富钾页岩分解率为目标函数，正交实验表明：最佳焙烧温度为820-830℃，富钾页岩：碳酸钾(质量比)=1．00：1．51，最佳焙烧时间60min，生料粒度60～80目。并用热重／差热分析和X粉晶衍射进行分析，拟合热力学数据，初步分析了反应机理。     

Hornblende etching and quartz/feldspar ratios as weathering and soil development indicators in some Michigan soils

Weathering can be used as a highly effective relative age indicator. One such application involves etching of hornblende grains in soils. Etching increases with time (duration) and decreases with depth in soils and surficial sediments. Other variables, related to intensity of weathering and soil formation, are generally held as constant as possible so as to only minimally influence the time-etching relationship. Our study focuses on one of the variables usually held constant—climate—by examining hornblende etching and quartz/feldspar ratios in soils of similar age but varying degrees of development due to climatic factors. We examined the assumption that the degree of etching varies as a function of soil development, even in soils of similar age. The Spodosols we studied form a climate-mediated development sequence on a 13,000-yr-old outwash plain in Michigan. Their pedogenic development was compared to weathering-related data from the same soils. In general, soils data paralleled weathering data. Hornblende etching was most pronounced in the A and E horizons, and decreased rapidly with depth. Quartz/feldspar ratios showed similar but more variable trends. In the two most weakly developed soils, the Q/F ratio was nearly constant with depth, implying that this ratio may not be as effective a measure as are etching data for minimally weathered soils. Our data indicate that hornblende etching should not be used as a stand-alone relative age indicator, especially in young soils and in contexts where the degree of pedogenic variability on the geomorphic surface is large.     

碱性长石Al—Si有序化进程中微结构和^29Si NMR谱的表现

笔者用Ｘ射线粉末衍射技术,对六个天然钾长石中的铝在Ｔ１Ｏ四面体位置的占位率进行了测定,它们的Ｔ１Ｏ值从０．２８变化到０．７９。对它们的透射电子显微镜研究表明,两个Ｔ１Ｏ为０．２８和０．３１的高透长石有对电子束异常过敏的调制结构,无法记录到它们的衍射像,在另外三个样品中,都见到芦席状结构,并夹杂着具一定宽度的片晶组成的格子双晶。片晶宽度随Ｔ１Ｏ的变大而增加。而在产于一个霞石正长岩中的正长石中没有观察     

山东五莲碱性三元长石的微结构研究

笔者对产于山东五莲县七宝山辉石二长岩中的碱性长石进行了电子探针,Ｘ射线衍射,透射电子显微镜以及＾２９ＳｉＭＡＳＮＭＲ谱研究,确定五莲碱性三元长石（Ｏｒ５０．３,Ａｂ４４．３Ａｎ５．４）为钾长石和钠长石共格出溶连晶,其基体钾长石为单斜对称,在透射电子显微镜下未见其呈现任何微结构,而在钠长石中见到宽度为１０．４ｎｍ（钠长石的８ｂ０）的片晶相互形成周期钠长石律双晶,钠长石叶片的宽度平均为３９ｎｍ（ｎ＝４     

黑龙江省砂金的铅同位素地质特征

对黑龙江省８２件砂金样品及与之对比的１６件岩金样品进行铅同位素测定,结果表明它们与Ｃ１及Ｃ２省中生代岩浆岩的长石铅平均值十分接近。在部分铅来自造山带,少量源自地壳,表明砂金矿多来源于中生代岩浆活动有关的金矿床。铅同位素的三维拓扑图解亦可用于估计原生岩金矿的剥蚀程度及示踪砂金的原生源。