多粒度时空对象动态行为表达模型与方法研究

对具有动态变化特征的空间实体的描述,除了表达其内在属性外,还应包括动态行为.传统GIS把空间对象内在属性和动态行为分开建模本质上是一种基于地图的静态建模思想,而多粒度时空对象把行为能力作为对象的固有属性,是区别于其它对象的一个重要特征,使得全空间信息系统能够描述具有认知和行为能力的"活"的地理实体.本文针对具有规则化动...     

综合电参数在采煤地区拟建城市区地质结构识别及其评价研究

贵州黔西北地区煤矿资源丰富,因由于煤矿开采导致城市地下地质结构变化而引发安全问题。城市地下空间是城市未来发展的重要增长极,拟建城市规划区地下空间地质结构的识别及评价工作极为重要。文中提出基于电场理论、采空区氧化还原环境及煤区地质规律,综合电阻率、电流、自然电位等多个电参数对采煤区拟建城市区地质结构快速识别的方法,并对强风化层、老窑采空区、煤矿采空区等地质结构特征进行评价,取得成果与实地踏勘、已有工程一致,可为城区建设场地地质灾害危险性评价和地下空间开发利用提供重要依据。该方法具有无损、高效、绿色、低成本等优势,值得进一步研究推广。     

基于长基线系统深海采矿ROV精确定位

对于深海采矿集矿机ROV的定位,采用传统的长基线水声定位系统通常存在较大误差。对此提出了一种新的算法模型,首先通过比较集矿机测量位置与前一次修正位置的几何关系,对当前集矿机的位置进行修正,然后利用新的集矿机位置修正声速的数值,并得出重新修正后的集矿机测量位置。这样反复的多重迭代使得在某一时刻集矿机ROV的测量位置逐步趋近其理想位置,实现长基线系统的水声精确的三维立体定位。通过数值仿真分析,结果显示与传统的长基线水声定位方法相比,通过该方法获得的集矿机行驶轨迹能更好地趋近其理想行驶曲线,表明该算法的有效性。     

基于数据挖掘分析《类证治裁》治疗脾胃病的用药规律

目的：基于数据挖掘分析林珮琴《类证治裁》治疗脾胃病的用药规律,为中医药治疗脾胃病及新方研发提供参考。方法：运用中医传承计算平台构建《类证治裁》治疗脾胃病的方剂数据库,并对其进行用药频次、性味、归经、功效、高频组合与核心组合的分析。结果：共纳入方剂123首,涉及药物142味。用药频次≥20次的共8味,其中甘草应用频次最多。四气以温、寒、平为主,五味以甘、苦、辛为主,归经以脾、肺、胃为主。药物功效以补虚类为主。通过关联规则分析得到药物高频组合16组,通过聚类分析得到药物核心组合3组。结论：林珮琴治疗脾胃病始终秉持“以补益脾胃为本”的理念,补行并重,补清兼顾,为现代中医学诊治脾胃病提供了一定的理论依据。     

关于用生态工艺解决矿山环境污染问题的探讨

面对我们生存环境日趋恶化的现状,加快对矿山污染问题的解决已成当务之急。本文从提高对环境、生态系统的认识入手,提出用生态工艺解决矿山污染工作的办法。采矿、选矿使用生态工艺（闭路循环工艺）,使矿业活动的固体废弃物──围岩、废矿石、尾矿石建鱼鳞坑、梯田埂。实现“环境补偿”,从而提高了环境的自净能力,使矿业得以持续稳定地发展。     

河南半宽金矿区测量控制网的建立

到一个新的金矿区或者各种资源混乱的金矿区如何理顺思路并在短时间内迅速有效地开展控制测量工作,是黄金地质荏得要着重解决的问题,以河南陕县半宽金矿区为例,从指导思想、基本情况,设计方案和作业方法、实例计算、控制网的扩展５个方面阐述金矿区测量控制网的特点,以脑建立控制网遵循的原则,建网步骤,方法和所应达到的要求。     

Investigation into the Behaviour of a Support System and Roof Strata During Sublevel Caving of a Thick Coal Seam

Monitoring of strata control parameters and behaviour of a powered support was carried out during an experimental trial of a mechanized longwall sublevel caving face for exploitation of a 7.5m thick coal seam. Field observations indicated that the requirement of support density for underwinning of top coal by sublevel caving under intact strata is different from that for underwinning under broken and fractured rock mass. Analysis of the leg closure observations and support resistance variations during different mining cycles showed rapid increase of the setting load density of the support in relation to the yield load density. This resulted in a large amount of leg closure during mining cycles of the sub level caving face under broken rock strata. Due to operational constraints, the field observations could not provide enough information to visualize the behaviour of the overlying rock strata. Simulation of the field conditions was therefore performed on a physical model to bridge this gap of information. Results of laboratory investigations on the physical model are combined with those of the field to explain the critical behaviour of the support system during sublevel caving under broken rock strata.     

焦坪侏罗纪煤系及其油气展布

焦坪矿区油气显示规律与煤系分布关系密切。该矿区主要可采煤层4_-2煤层存在4个厚煤中心,矿区油气显示主要存在于聚煤中心带上、下部的砂岩层中,特别是煤层上部的延安组和直罗组砂岩层中。油气分布主要与延安组的厚度,4_-2煤层厚度,延安组和直罗组中、粗粒砂岩厚度,煤系成熟度和上覆地层厚度等因素有关。构造条件对烃类的影响较小,只在上述条件决定的范围内起作用。      

窑街矿区煤成气及其储集条件

窑街矿区煤系中的暗色泥岩、油页岩、煤层和泥灰岩是生成天然气的烃源岩,研究其地球化学特征和煤岩特征并据此确定了该区天然气的成因类型。研究表明,该区天然气是窑街群中的烃源岩经过漫长的地质作用演化而来,它们经过运移,储存于煤系砂岩的孔隙和基岩裂隙中,在有利于储油气圈闭里,形成了小型的油气藏。      

Biomorphodynamics of alternate bars in a channelized,regulated river: An integrated historical and modelling analysis

The development of alternate bars in channelized rivers can be explained theoretically as an instability of the riverbed when the active channel width to depth ratio exceeds a threshold. However, the development of a vegetation cover on the alternate bars of some channelized rivers and its interactions with bar morphology have not been investigated in detail. Our study focused on the co‐evolution of alternate bars and vegetation along a 33 km reach of the Isère River, France. We analysed historical information to investigate the development of alternate bars and their colonization by vegetation within a straightened, embanked river subject to flow regulation, sediment mining, and vegetation management. Over an 80 year period, bar density decreased, bar length increased, and bar mobility slowed. Vegetation encroachment across bar surfaces accompanied these temporal changes and, once established, vegetation cover persisted, shifting the overall system from an unvegetated to a vegetated dynamic equilibrium state. The unvegetated morphodynamics of the impressively regular sequence of alternate bars that developed in the Isère following channelization is consistent with previous theoretical morphodynamic work. However, the apparent triggering dynamics of vegetation colonization needs to be investigated, based on complex biophysical instability processes. If instability related to vegetation colonization is confirmed, further work needs to focus on the relevance of initial conditions for this instability, and on related feedback effects such as how the morphodynamics of bare‐sediment alternate bars may have affected vegetation development and, in turn, how vegetation has created a new dynamic equilibrium state. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.