Late Palaeozoic NE–SW ductile–brittle extension in the La Serre horst,eastern France

In the La Serre horst of the Alpine foreland, the pre-Triassic La Serre median fault zone separates a Late Devonian–Early Carboniferous granite from an ignimbrite of unknown age and from Permian deposits. Motion along this fault zone took place first in ductile conditions and then evolved in brittle conditions. Both ductile and brittle shear criteria indicate a top-NE normal-dextral displacement. Similar motions are reported along faults bounding Late Palaeozoic intramontane coal basins located in the Massif Central and correspond to a widespread NE–SW Late to Post-Orogenic extension that affected the Variscan basement during Late Carboniferous to Early Permian times. To cite this article: G. Coromina, O. Fabbri, C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).     

浅析断陷盆地多幕拉张与油气的关系--以南堡凹陷的多幕裂陷作用为例

南堡凹陷为渤海湾盆地北侧的一个小型叠合型含油气凹陷 ,中新生代以来 ,该区经历了 4幕裂谷作用演化和 1幕构造再活化作用的改造 .其 4幕裂谷作用包括燕山早期裂谷一幕发育期、燕山晚期裂谷二幕发育期、老第三纪始新世—渐新世中期裂谷三幕发育期及老第三纪渐新世中期—新第三纪中新世早期裂谷四幕发育期 .新第三纪中新世中期以来 ,该区构造性质发生明显转变 ,即由中新世早期的构造衰弱期转化为新的构造活化期 ,主要表现在 :断裂作用加剧、拉张作用增强、沉积速率加快 .上述各幕构造过程对南堡凹陷的油气生成及富集规律具有明显不同的控制作用     

小城镇空间结构变迁的形式和动力

小城镇向心增长的空间过程主要表现为郊区城镇化、内城更新改造、反向扩展3种形式，是小城镇对农村人流、物流的集聚和内部空间结构的优化。小城镇离心增长的空间过程主要表现为城镇郊区化、产业区位变迁、外向扩展3种形式，是小城镇生产力发展到一定阶段后城镇要素向近郊区的扩散。小城镇向心增长和离心增长是集聚与扩散相互作用的表现，社会经济发展是小城镇空间变迁的根本动力，功能－形态互适机制是其演变的主要机制。     

Regional variation in exhumation and strain rate of the high-pressure Sambagawa metamorphic rocks in central Shikoku, south-west Japan

Regional variation in the P–T path of the Sambagawa metamorphic rocks, central Shikoku, Japan has been inferred from compositional zoning of metamorphic amphibole. Rocks constituting the northern part (Saruta River area) exhibit a hairpin type P–T path, where winchite/actinolite grew at the prograde stage, the peak metamorphism was recorded by the growth of barroisite to hornblende and sodic amphibole to winchite/actinolite grew at the retrograde stage. In the southern part (Asemi River area), rocks exhibit a clockwise type P–T path, where barroisite to hornblende core is rimmed by winchite to actinolite. The difference in P–T path could suggest a faster exhumation rate (i.e. more rapid decompression) in the southern than in the northern part. On the other hand, physical conditions of deformation during the exhumation stage have been independently inferred from microstructures in deformed quartz. Recrystallized quartz grains in rocks from the low‐grade (chlorite and garnet) zones are much more stretched in the southern part (aspect ratio ≥ 4.0) than in the northern part (aspect ratio< 4.0), indicating a higher strain rate in the former than in the latter. These facts may indicate that the exhumation and strain rates are correlated (i.e. the exhumation rate increases with increasing the strain rate). The difference in the exhumation rate inferred from amphibole zoning between the northern and southern parts could be explained by an extensional model involving normal faulting, where the lower plate can be exhumed faster than the upper plate due to the displacement along the fault. Furthermore, the model may explain the positive correlation between the exhumation and strain rates, because the lower plate tended to support more stress than the upper plate.     

滑坡发育阶段判定的改进可拓层次分析方法

由于滑坡自身的复杂性和模型方法的适用性等原因,滑坡发生时间的预测预报仍是滑坡学领域的难题之一。本文基于可拓层次分析法原理,建立了滑坡发育阶段判定的物元模型和可拓层次分析法模型。该方法不但具备层次分析法的系统性、层次性和简洁性优点,而且具备可拓学的考虑人类思维模糊性等优点,同时避免了层次分析法中为满足对比矩阵一致性而进行的大量试算,采用基于可能度区间判断矩阵排序法更加符合实际。通过秦安县魏店乡刘萍组北山滑坡实例计算验证,可拓层次分析法能够较好地反映滑坡发育的演变阶段,可进行滑坡中短期时间预报。     

基于MySQL空间扩展的GIS开发技术研究

MySQL遵从了OpenGIS联盟的规范实施了空间扩展,定义了自己的空间数据类型和相应的操作函数,从而在MySQL中允许生成、保存和分析地理要素以及用于GIS开发。本文介绍了OpenGIS空间模型、MySQL空间扩展的具体细节和MySQL C API主要函数,并将这些理论应用于实例程序的MySQL实现中,实例程序采用C+Win32 API+MySQL C API相结合的方法实现。通过实例程序简单介绍了基于C语言开发GIS程序的一般步骤。     

盐岩储气库运营期稳定性评价研究

针对国内盐岩矿床的特点,建立了盐岩地下储气库运营期稳定性的多层次、多指标综合评价体系,并定义了盐岩地下储气库运营期稳定性等级标准。根据试验数据和数值模拟结果,构建了各评价指标的评分模型,得出了各评价等级相应评价指标的量值。采用AHP方法分析得到了描述层和指标层参数的权重。分别应用可拓法和模糊综合评价法对西气东输工程金坛储气库西1库进行运营期稳定性评价,两种方法评价结果一致,并与实际情况吻合,表明建立的盐岩地下储气库运营期稳定性的多层次、多指标综合评价体系能客观反应储库的实际稳定情况,具有较高的推广价值     

藏南错那-沃卡裂谷的第四纪正断层作用及其特征

地表调查发现,位于西藏南部的错那-沃卡裂谷带包含了3个相对独立的地堑-半地堑——沃卡、邛多江和错那-拿日雍错地堑(从北到南),并构成了该区重要的近SN向控震构造带。该裂谷带整体的展布方式及其中各地堑主边界断裂带的正断层活动指示了100°±2°的区域伸展方向。各边界断裂带的活动强度分析表明,断裂的平均垂直活动速率介于0·3~1·9mm/a。其中,末次盛冰以来合理的活动速率估算值为1·2~1·5mm/a,而末次间冰期以来的活动速率只有(0·6±0·3)mm/a,暗示该裂谷带的断裂活动行为可能类似于地震的丛集活动,存在间歇期与活跃期交替出现的特点。综合分析认为,中-下地壳物质的近EW向伸展或流动所导致的上地壳均匀拉张模式可能是该裂谷带的主要成因