小波变换法探测周跳的延拓方式选择研究

小波变换用于探测周跳是一种很有效的方法。它是通过一定尺度上的带通滤波器提取出细节信号,并将突变以一定的比例放大,从而发现周跳发生位置,然后采用高频系数奇异值进行插值替换,与低频系数重构,然后采用重构观测值与原始观测值作差取整的方法确定周跳值。本文将通过试算不同延拓方式对小波变换的影响,利用产生最小"边缘效应"的延拓方式,对非差、单差、双差观测值进行db6小波单尺度分解,并探讨其在单频周跳探测的应用。     

Mesozoic paleostress evolution in the Saharian platform (southern Tunisia)

Abstract

A detailed analysis of brittle deformations in the Saharian platform of southern Tunisia is based on studies of fault-slip data sets and joint sets. It allows reconstruction of the Mesozoic paleostress evolution. During the Permo-Triassic, N-S extensions occurred with high late Permian subsidence rates. During the Norian, strike-slip movements reactivated former normal faults. During the Jurassic and the Cretaceous a succession of extensional events was characterized by : (1) a N-S extension which dominated from late Triassic to early Aptian. We relate this extension to the Africa-Eurasia divergence; (2) a ENE-WSW extension during the Cenomanian. We relate this extension to the opening of «he African basins ; (3) a NE-SW Senonian extension that continued during the Cenozoic in the Jeffara and in the Gabes Gulf, during the further evolution of the northern African margin. The various compressional trends recorded in the platform are attributed to Cenozoic events.     

The role of western Mediterranea tectonic evolution in the geometry of a karstic domain in the Betic Cordilleras (Sierra Gorda,Spain): importance of a tardy extensional regime

Abstract

Located in the central part of the Betic Cordilleras, the large carbonate Sierra Gorda Massif provides an example of a west-Mediterranean karstic aquifer. In spite of a complex polyphased tectonic history, the fracturing presents, from aerial views and at outcrop scale a quite organised geometry. Four fracture directions are found over the massif. N000—010, NOS0-070, N090–100 and N140–170. The statistical and geostatistical approach allows the characteristics (lengths, orientations) and the spatial structure for each fracture set to be determined. The N000–010 and N140–170 sets are grouped in packets whereas the two other sets are grouped in bands. The microtectonic study describes the evolution of the massif in the geodynamic context of this part of Mediterranea, distin guishing three recent stages of brittle tectonic activity in t e massif: a WNW-ESE Middle Miocene compression, then a NNW-SSE to NW-SE compression with a poorly wrenching regime, and finally a probably pre-Quaternary N-S radial distension. This last stage is essential for the karstification of the massif and groundwater circulation. From the combined analysis of fracture network geometry and palaeostresses a multiple porosity model in agreement with hydrological observations made inside the massif can be proposed: in particular, the hectometric N090–100 (and N050–070) fractures which are essential for the network connectivity, and have a major drainage role at aquifer scale, while the N000–010 and N140- 170 ones have a more local drainage role. This extensive tardy regime, which is for the first time described separately from the internal zones of the Cordilleras, must be considered as a significant phenomenon on a regional scale, and henceforth integrated in future geodynamic schemes of this part of Mediterranea. © Elsevier, Paris     

渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷断裂系统成因的构造解析

本文在对南堡凹陷三维联片地震资料构造解析的基础上,应用先存构造构造条件下的断层作用模式,结合构造物理模拟实验成果,系统分析了南堡凹陷的断裂系统和构造样式。表明,南堡凹陷是典型的斜向伸展构造样式,其中受铲式和（或）坡坪式边界正断层及先存断裂共同控制的复式 “y” 形样式是南堡凹陷基本的构造样式,其次是复式“x”形、“多米诺式”、“阶梯式”和“铲式扇”断块构造样式。平面上划分出为4个断裂系统：北堡－老爷庙断裂系统,高柳断裂系统,柏各庄断裂系统和南堡断裂系统,其中高柳断裂系统和南堡断裂系统进一步分别划分为2个和3个子断裂系统;纵向上划分出下部（E2s3构造层）和上部（E2s1-Q地层）两个断裂系统,E2s2是上下两个断裂系统的过渡层,断层不发育。断层的平面组合形式有4种,分别为：平行状、平行交织状、“梳状”和“帚状”。“两期伸展” 的变形叠加模式可以合理地解释南堡凹陷新生代的构造变形：E2s3期的构造变形在是以中生代形成的先存构造为基础,北西-南东方向伸展作用的结果;E2s1以来的变形是以E2s3期形成的断裂为先存构造,南北向伸展作用的结果;E2s2是应力体制转换的过渡阶段。凹陷边界断层（西南庄断层、柏各庄断层和高柳断层）存在显著的分段性,不同段落断层的走向、性质和活动性、均表现出很大的差异,而且在不同构造演化阶段发生显著的变化。凹陷边界断层及凹陷内的南堡断层、和蛤坨断层组成的构造格架对南堡凹陷断裂系统的形成和演化起重要的控制作用,复杂的先存构造是造成断裂系统横向差异的根本原因。     

Rheological controls on extensional styles and the structural evolution of the Northern Carnarvon Basin,North West Shelf,Australia

The extensional architecture of the Northern Carnarvon Basin can be explained in terms of changes in lithospheric rheology during multiphase extension and lower crustal flow. Low‐angle detachments, while playing a minor role, are not considered to have been the primary mechanism for extension as suggested in previous models. Early extension (Cambrian‐Ordovician) in the Northern Carnarvon Basin is characterised by low‐angle detachment structures of limited regional extent. These structures have a spatial association with a Proterozoic mobile belt on the margin of the Pilbara Craton. Thermo‐mechanical conditions in the mobile belt may have predisposed the highly deformed crust to thin‐skinned extension and detachment development. Permo‐Carboniferous extension generated an extensive wide rift basin, suggesting ductile rheologies associated with intermediate lithospheric temperatures and crustal thickness. Thick Upper Permian to Upper Triassic post‐rift sequences and marked thinning of the lower crust occurred in association with only a small amount of extension in the upper crust. This observation can be reconciled by considering outward lower crustal flow, from beneath the basin towards the basin margin, following extension. Strong mid‐crustal reflectors, which occur over large areas of the Northern Carnarvon Basin, probably represent a boundary between flow and non‐flow regimes rather than detachment fault surfaces as in previous models. Crustal thinning and thermal decay following Permo‐Carboniferous extension contributed to the increased strength and brittle behaviour of the lithosphere. Consequently, Late Triassic to Early Cretaceous extension resulted in the development of far more localised narrow rift systems on the margins of the preceding wide rift basin. Diapiric intrusions are associated with the narrow rift basin development, resulting from either remobilisation of ductile lower crustal rock or the initial formation of sea‐floor spreading centres.     

Evidence for 1808–1770 Ma bimodal magmatism,sedimentation, high-temperature deformation and metamorphism in the Aileron Province,central Australia

Field relationships and LA-ICP-MS U–Pb geochronology from the Yundurbungu Hills (Aileron Province, central Australia) reveal a record of 1808–1770 Ma bimodal magmatism, sedimentation, high-temperature deformation and metamorphism. Specifically, the data presented here provide the first unequivocal evidence for ca 1774 Ma high-temperature deformation and metamorphism during the 1790–1770 Ma Yambah Event in the southern part of the North Australian Craton. Granitic lithologies were synkinematically emplaced between 1808 and 1770 Ma, with early phases recording D₁ deformation and the youngest phase postdating D₁ deformation. The protolith to a D₁ deformed metasedimentary unit was deposited between 1792 and 1774 Ma, followed by the intrusion and deformation of a composite mafic–felsic magmatic association at ca 1774 Ma. An S₁ migmatitic fabric in the composite mafic–felsic gneiss is truncated by the youngest (ca 1770 Ma) phase of granitic magmatism, constraining the timing of S₁ deformation. A second period of sedimentation appears to post-date D₁ deformation, with deposition occurring sometime after ca 1774 Ma. Subsequent overprinting during the 1590–1550 Ma Chewings Event is recorded by the growth of metamorphic monazite and zircon. This event deformed the ca 1774 Ma S₁ gneissic fabric, producing a composite S₁/S₂ gneissic fabric in early metasedimentary and magmatic lithologies and a simple S₂-only fabric in lithologies that were intruded or deposited after ca 1774 Ma. Consistent with previous work, we suggest that localised high-temperature deformation and bimodal magmatism at ca 1774 Ma in the Yundurbungu Hills is consistent with a back-arc setting linked to prolonged north-directed subduction.     

地理国情普查项目数据平台的扩展应用

针对ArcGIS现有功能无法满足地理国情普查项目生产中的作业需求问题,该文提出了使用.NET语言和ArcGIS Add-in进行桌面定制和功能扩展研发、对ArcMap进行扩展和完善的方法:通过简化已有操作步骤和实现部分功能批处理,提高作业效率;将数据预处理、编辑、质量检查及外业核查都整合到ArcMap界面中,实现一体化处理,降低培训投入和作业难度。研究结果表明,ArcGIS Add-in适合于测绘生产中的快速应用开发;研发成果有助于提高测绘生产效率和成果质量,节约生产成本。     

DERF2.0模式11-40天逐日环流预报效果评估

利用1983-2013年DERF2.0模式预报资料和ECMWFERA-Interim逐日再分析资料,评估了DERF2.0模式未来11-40d环流预报效果,结果表明:200hPa高度场预报平均效果最好,预报与实况的距平相关系数(ACC)通过显著性检验达到17d,500hPa高度场为13d,200hPa纬向风场仅11d,200hPa经向风场和850hPa纬向风场预报效果最差,预报与实况的ACC均未通过显著性检验。热带地区200hPa和500hPa高度场预报效果最好,11-40d预报与实况的ACC均通过了显著性检验。     

粤北石人嶂钨矿区角闪辉长岩地球化学、年代学特征及其地质意义

石人嶂钨矿区发育的角闪辉长岩与钨矿密切共生,研究该矿区对认识粤北地区区域地质演化、深部岩浆信息以及区域基性岩与成钨作用关系研究意义重大,但到目前为止,尚未开展相关系统的研究。文章报道了角闪辉长岩的锆石和磷灰石U-Pb年代学、地球化学资料。磷灰石U-Pb年龄指示角闪辉长岩的结晶年龄为（171±14） Ma,形成于燕山早期晚阶段古太平洋板块俯冲背景下的岩石圈伸展的构造环境,其中,锆石为捕获锆石,具有3组年龄,分别记录了区域古元古代陆核增生,新元古代古华南板块的聚合和裂解,早中生代华南板块与华北板块,印支地块聚合的后造山伸展等多起构造事件。角闪辉长岩具有低Si、K、Mn,高Ca、Fe、Mg、Na、Ti的特征,富集Rb、Ta、Zr、Ti等,亏损Ba、Nb、Sr、Hf、Be、Cs、U、Th等元素,表明其源区具有E-MORB型富集地幔的属性。角闪辉长岩的形成主要受控于软流圈地幔的部分熔融。同时,由于角闪辉长岩的高氧逸度的特征及其较石人嶂钨矿成矿更早,角闪辉长岩的存在可能主要是为后期的钨矿化的叠加提供部分Ca、Fe等元素,并为富矿流体的运移提供通道。