日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicus)秋繁同生群仔虾不同耐干露性能群体间的形态表型差异

于水温(18.0±1.0)?C、盐度20、p H 8.1±0.2条件下,以日本囊对虾秋繁同生群仔虾[总长(7.643±0.639)mm]为实验对象,以离水干露为胁迫因子,在确认其离水干露160min内的复水成活率为100%和离水干露240min时的复水存活率略低于5%后,借助显微扫描像素测量技术和多元分析方法定量研究了A、B、C、D、E实验群体(依次为干露处理160—180、180—200、200—220、220—240min时段内的死亡群体和干露处理240min时的存活群体)间形态表型特征的差异。结果表明:(1)在所涉15项形态性状中,各实验群体间均无显著差异(P0.05)的性状多达10项,依次为第一触角柄长、额剑长、眼径、第一腹节长、第二腹节长、第三腹节长、第四腹节长、第五腹节长、尾节长和尾节高;(2)在所涉17项形态比例指标中,各实验群体间均无显著差异(P0.05)的指标仅为3项,依次为头胸甲长/总长、头胸甲高/头胸甲长和尾节高/尾节长,群体间的欧氏距离均达到极显著水平(P0.01),且有随耐干露性能差异的增大而呈显著增大的趋势;(3)经主成分分析,提取到的4个特征值均大于1的主成分,累计贡献率达91.018%,其中第1主成分的贡献率高达57.974%,其载荷绝对值大于0.5的主要变量占形态比例指标总数的64.706%;(4)将A、B、C、D实验群体统归为干露处理淘汰群,E实验群体定义为干露处理选留群。采用逐步判别法,所建的Fisher分类函数方程组可较清晰地区分淘汰群和选留群个体,其中选留群个体的判别准确率P1、P2分别为100%和84.75%,淘汰群个体的判别准确率P1、P2分别为82%和100%,两者综合判别准确率为91%。     

造山后构造岩浆作用研究评述

综合造山后岩浆作用的主要岩石学特征包括：a双峰式火山岩组合;b高钾钙碱性甚至钾玄岩系列;c巨量花岗岩。由于其熔融源区受到早期的陆／洋壳俯冲作用的影响,它们在地球化学特征上总体表现出类似岛弧型火山岩的微量元素特征。如LILE,LREE富集和HFSE亏损;但比岛弧型火山岩具有更高的K2O＋Na2O含量、ω(Fe2O3+FeO)/ω(MgO)和ω（K2O）／ω（Na2O)比值以及较高的Sr含量和Zr/Y比值。其Sr-Nd同位素比MORB和OIB富集。这些特征表明同位素组成受控于LILE、LREE富集作用的时间和俯冲地壳的性质。在岩石成因方面,造山后岩浆作用的源区受到了年青地幔或地壳组分的改造,其岩浆形成机制与深大断裂的大规模走滑作用和造山后岩石圈的伸展－减薄作用密切相关。     

辽宁新甸金矿床成因

元古宇辽河群盖县组是一套黏土、半黏土质陆源碎屑沉积夹中-酸性火山岩或火山碎屑岩沉积建造,在地质历史发展过程中发生了变形变质作用,导致岩石中的硅质成分分异而形成硅化石英脉,同时,岩石中的成矿物质也发生了初步的迁移和富集.燕山期的花岗岩浆活动交代重熔了变质岩系,变质岩系中大量的成矿物质被活化、迁移至岩浆期后热液中,在成矿热液演化为偏酸性-还原性条件下,金等成矿元素发生了沉淀作用.稳定同位素、稀土元素特征表明金矿床的成矿物质来源于盖县组变质岩系,成矿热液为岩浆期后热液.伴随岩浆活动产生的一系列剪切构造既为成矿热液运移提供了通道,也为矿质沉淀提供了有利空间.新甸金矿床属于岩浆期后热液型矿床.     

Trace element modelling of the origin and evolution of the Oyaca‐Boyalik volcanic rocks (NE of Haymana,Ankara, Turkey)

Lower Miocene Boyalik volcanic rocks, situated approximately 80 km south of Ankara, exhibit both alkaline and calc‐alkaline characteristics. Alkaline products are trachybasaltic and trachyandesitic, whereas calc‐alkaline products are dacitic. The phenocrysts in the dacites consist primarily of plagioclase and hornblende, with lesser amounts of biotite. The groundmass contains plagioclase and quartz microcrysts. Trachyandesites are mainly composed of plagioclase and biotite phenocrysts with a groundmass of alkali feldspar microlites and minor clinopyroxene microcrysts. Trachybasalts are mainly composed of olivine and plagioclase phenocrysts, with minor clinopyroxene phenocrysts associated with alkali feldspar, plagioclase and clinopyroxene microlites and microcrysts in the groundmass. Oxides are common accessory phases in all products. Boyalik volcanic rocks have essentially homogeneous incompatible trace element patterns with variable Nb and Th anomalies, enrichment in Rb, Ba, K, La, Ce and Nd, and positive Sr anomalies. Some trace element ratios (e.g. Ba/Ta, Ba/Nb, Th/U and Ce/Pb) are variable among the series. For instance, dacites and trachyandesites have higher Ba/Ta (724–2509), Ba/Nb (45–173) and Th/U (3.5–8.7) and lower Ce/Pb (7.1–3.9) values than the trachybasalts. Trace element data indicate that the series are chemically distinct but probably were derived from a common lithospheric mantle source via variable degrees of partial melting. The magmas then underwent a process of evolution involving assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC) during ascent to the surface. Although trachyandesites and dacites were generated from a lithospheric mantle source via ～1% and ～1.5% to ～5% degrees of partial melting, respectively, trachybasalts were derived from the same source via higher degrees of partial melting (～20%) with neglegible crustal contamination. Boyalik volcanism is linked to an intracontinental transpressional setting. However, the overall geochemical features are consistent with derivation from a mantle source that records earlier Eocene subduction between the Sakarya continental fragment and the K?r?ehir block during time.     

后碰撞伸展环境下的盆地特征与成盆机制

与造山带结合,动态、系统地探讨伸展盆地的成盆机制是大陆动力学研究的新思路。本文以后碰撞环境下的伸展盆地为对象,与其它类型伸展盆地相区别,尝试探讨其大陆构造属性和成盆机制。后碰撞伸展盆地一般平行于造山带展布,受相邻活动造山带控制,形成于造山带后碰撞构造环境。盆地的转换、叠合过程与相邻造山带的演化密切相关,表现为动态的耦合关系,即由前陆盆地与主碰撞造山带相耦合,发展为伸展盆地与后碰撞造山带相耦合。其成盆机制实质是地壳缩短增厚后的去"山根"作用,拆沉作用造成加厚地壳减薄,并诱发基性岩浆活动,在地表形成裂谷或断陷,接受河湖相沉积。     

灌浆技术在解决桥头跳车问题中的应用

简析高速公路产生桥头跳车的原因、危害、治理措施及灌浆技术的原理,阐述施工方法和灌浆效果检查方法,通过工程实例的运营情况验证应用灌浆技术解决桥头跳车问题的作用。     

威海市批后监管系统设计与实现

威海市国土资源局利用地理信息技术创新国土资源监管的手段,加强建设用地批后监管工作,有力保障用地行为依法进行,有效推进土地节约集约利用。该文介绍了批后监管系统的建设目标和建设原则,并详细论述了批后监管的总体框架和功能设计,说明了该系统的主要特点;并结合建设用地批后监管工作中的应用,总结了建设用地批后监管的应用经验。     

垦利县土地整理开发工作要点探索

伴随经济社会的不断发展,土地需求逐步增加,土地供应日趋紧张,规范土地整理开发行为,科学指导土地整理开发工作意义重大。以位于黄河三角洲的垦利县为例,根据其土地利用特点,分析开发整理工作取得成效及存在问题,探索土地整理开发工作要点,为今后开发整理工作提供理论指导和借鉴。     

Putting together the pieces of the puzzle: Traces of New Zealand in international school geography textbooks

How does a fairly remote space (the islands of New Zealand) contribute to the development of geographical literacy in the geography textbooks of post‐socialist (Romania), Western (Germany) and post‐colonial (Mexico) countries? A four‐step analysis of three textbooks of international selection revealed different regionalisation cultures combined with traditional and recently implemented educational paradigms of geography education and led to a similar result. Despite the many ways in which New Zealand's geographical distinctiveness could be used to enhance geographical literacy, there are few operationalisations of educational targets that might contribute to sustainable long‐term learning. Further, these results also offer a possible explanation for the absence of the ‘southern lands’ on students' cognitive maps of the world.     

昆仑山口西Ms8.1地震的地壳变形特征

利用全球定位系统1991－2001年及震后4期GPS观测数据。获得了2001年11月14日昆仑山口西地震（Ms8.1)的同震和震后形变运动图像，跨破裂带GPS网最近两点测得的最大同震形变为1.9m左右，而震后4个月断层蠕滑引起的变形约为80mm，破裂带两侧震后变形幅度具有非对称性。南侧震后变形基本是北侧的2－3倍。研究结果显示破裂带南盘在震后向偏东方向有明显移动，预示本次地震后能量的重新分配与积累，根据近几十年以来东昆仑断裂带的大地震由西向东扩展的特点，未来地震有向东迁移的可能。