Geological interpretation of the Cootamundra gravity high,New South Wales

An intense Bouguer anomaly ‘high’ of about 30 milligals amplitude has been delineated to the east of Cootamundra, New South Wales. It is correlated with a north‐trending belt of basic metamorphic rocks of probable Upper Silurian age. The subsurface shape of the belt is deduced by qualitative and quantitative analytical techniques applied to the gravity data; it is inferred that the boundary on the western side is near‐vertical, while that on the eastern side is believed to have been overthrust by the Middle Devonian Young Granite. It appears also that there are no horizontal density variations below a depth of 6–7 km, implying that the base of the Young Granite lies at about this depth.     

厦门市地震应急现场指挥所方案

介绍了厦门市地震应急现场指挥所在现场通讯网络、现场灾情采集与传输系统、现场办公指挥系统、现场指挥软件和现场后勤保障系统5个方面的建设情况,并对其中存在的问题进行讨论。     

Research on controlling long-term performance by tensioning post tendon of long-span continuous rigid-frame bridges

The problems like cracking of the girder in the mid-span and the ever-increasing vertical deflection appear during the long term usage of the long-span continuous rigid-flame bridge. Post-tension tendon with re- served duct can increase the pre-stress of the main beam effectively, and decrease the long term span deflection in order to improve the performance of the girder. At the same time, the proper tension position is very crucial to optimise the stress distribution of the bridge and control the deflection increase. Combining with practical en- gineering, the authors analyze the influence of different positions of post-tension tendon （ including top-, web- and bottom plate tendons） on the stress and deflection of the main beam, and find out the optimal position of post tendon.     

Self‐centering steel connections with steel bars and a discontinuous composite slab

Six cyclic tests were conducted on three full‐scale subassemblies to investigate the behavior of interior beam‐to‐column post‐tensioned (PT) connections. Strands were placed along each side of the steel beam web, passing through the steel column to provide precompression between the beams and a column. Top and bottom energy‐dissipating (ED) bars, passing through the column and welded to the beam, were used to increase the moment capacity and ED capacity of the connection. One of the subassemblies also had a composite concrete slab with discontinuity at the column centerline to eliminate restraint from the metal deck, reinforcement, and welded wire mesh. The objectives of this paper were to investigate the following: the durability of the connection by loading each specimen twice, the ED capacity of the ED bar, and the effects that the type of ED bar and type of composite slab have on the self‐centering behavior of the connection. The experimental results showed that: (1) the connection could sustain severe inelastic cyclic loading at least twice without strength degradation, (2) the ED capacity of the bar was much larger than that dissipated by a single AISC loading protocol, and (3) a specimen with a discontinuous composite slab, which opened freely at the centerline of the column, ensured the same self‐centering hysteretic behavior as the bare steel specimen. However, the decompression moment of the PT connection decreased significantly at each interstory drift, resulting in an early opening of a gap at the beam–column interface. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Numerical models and ductile ultimate deformation response of post‐tensioned self‐centering moment connections

New steel moment‐resisting connections that incorporate post‐tensioning elements to provide a self‐centering capacity and devices to dissipate seismic input energy have recently been proposed and experimentally validated. Experimental studies have confirmed that these connections are capable of undergoing large lateral deformations with negligible residual drifts. To facilitate their implementation, accurate modeling of the behavior of systems incorporating post‐tensioned connections must be readily available to designers and researchers. A number of simplified models have been suggested in the literature by researchers trying to capture experimental results at the beam–column connections and thereby to predict the global response of structures incorporating such connections. To provide a clear set of guidelines for the modeling of post‐tensioned steel frames, for practicing engineers as well as researchers, in this paper three types of numerical models of increasing complexity are presented: (i) a sectional analysis procedure, (ii) a lumped plasticity spring frame leveled approach and (iii) a non‐linear solid finite element analysis to predict the response at ultimate deformation levels. The analytical results obtained from the numerical models predict well the structural behavior of these connections when compared with available experimental data. Even at the ultimate deformation level, analytical results are in good agreement with test results. Furthermore, detailing requirements are proposed to assure that flexural hinges form in the beams in order to improve the cyclic response of steel self‐centering connections when drifts exceeding the design drifts are imposed to the system. Experimental and analytical studies demonstrate that steel post‐tensioned self‐centering connections incorporating the proposed detailing in the beams develop an increased deformation capacity and thereby exhibit a ductile response while avoiding a sudden loss of their strength and stiffness. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

软土地基工后沉降预测模型的研究

预测工后沉降是高速公路所要解决的主要问题之一。指数曲线法和双曲线法是以往常用的分析方法。但实践表明,前者推算的结果常常偏小,而后者推算的结果又常常偏大。文中提出了一种反映沉降速率与沉降半立方非线性关系的双曲型曲线预测模型。理论分析和实例预测结果表明,该模型的预测值更接近实测值,预测结果的可靠度更高。     

Seismic assessment of damaged piloti‐type RC building subjected to successive earthquakes

Building structures damaged by a seismic event may be exposed to the risk of aftershocks or another event within a certain period. In this paper, the seismic assessment of damaged piloti‐type RC buildings was carried out to evaluate probabilistic retrofitting effects under successive earthquakes. First, a framework to evaluate the effectiveness of retrofitting was proposed, and then the proposed methodology was demonstrated with a structure retrofitted with buckling‐restrained braces (BRBs). For consideration of realistic successive earthquakes, past records measured at the same station were combined. Within the framework, a series of nonlinear time history analyses were performed for an as‐is model subjected to single earthquake, a damaged model subjected to successive earthquakes, and a damaged model retrofitted with BRBs subjected to successive earthquakes. In addition, fragility analysis was systematically applied in the framework for evaluation of effectiveness of the retrofitting strategy. The proposed framework was capable of quantifying the influence of successive earthquakes and evaluating the effectiveness of BRB retrofitting by considering the severity of the first earthquake damage and the hysteresis behavior of the retrofit element. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

四川汶川8.0级地震地下流体异常分析

汶川8.0级地震引起了社会广泛地关注,产生了地震能否预测的疑问以及汶川地震前是否出现了异常的讨论,震后一些学者对前兆资料进行了研究总结,本文在前人研究的基础上仅对地下流体异常进行了分析,认为汶川地震前存在着一些地下流体异常,本文从中期异常、短临异常、同震及震后调整这几个方面对水氡、水位、水温、流量资料进行了分析研究。通过对中期异常的识别及提取,认为采用从属函数方法定量提取异常效果较为理想。     

相山铀矿田火山岩浆期后成矿热液系统

文章系统论述了相山铀矿田的成矿特征,从时空尺度对成矿物质来源进行了探讨,结合成矿的构造-岩浆-地球动力学背景分析,研究了相山火山盆地成矿热液系统的形成和演化,认为相山铀矿田成矿流体系统是受区域构造环境制约、火山岩浆期后热液系统演化的客观产物。火山岩浆期后成矿热液系统在时间上延续了大约50 Ma,但在不同时间域内其活动空间有异,并由此制约着矿田内铀矿化的时空分布。文章还对矿田内深入找矿提出了建议。     

Column restraint in post‐tensioned self‐centering moment frames

Gaps between beam‐to‐column interfaces in a post‐tensioned (PT) self‐centering frame with more than one column are constrained by columns, which causes beam compression force different from the applied PT force. This study proposes an analytical method for evaluating column bending stiffness and beam compression force by modeling column deformation according to gap‐openings at all stories. The predicted compression forces in the beams are validated by a cyclic analysis of a three‐story PT frame and by cyclic tests of a full‐scale, two‐bay by first‐story PT frame, which represents a substructure of the three‐story PT frame. The proposed method shows that compared with the strand tensile force, the beam compression force is increased at the 1st story but is decreased at the 2nd and 3rd stories due to column deformation compatibility. The PT frame tests show that the proposed method reasonably predicts beam compression force and strand force and that the beam compression force is 2 and 60% larger than the strand force with respect to a minor restraint and a pin‐supported boundary condition, respectively, at the tops of the columns. Therefore, the earlier method using a pin‐supported boundary condition at upper story columns represents an upper bound of the effect and is shown to be overly conservative for cases where a structure responds primarily in its first mode. The proposed method allows for more accurate prediction of the column restraint effects for structures that respond in a pre‐determined mode shape which is more typical of low and mid‐rise structures. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.