试论斑岩铀矿成矿系列

本为作多年来在火山岩型铀矿领域的工作总结。章详细论述了斑岩铀矿成矿系列的特征，认为大部分火山岩型铀矿床的形成与火山活动晚期、最晚阶段的岩有着密切的关系。这些斑岩主要是花岗斑岩、霏细斑岩、石英斑岩。     

论斑岩铜矿的成因

较系统地论述了国内外学者对斑岩铜矿成因的不同学术观点 ,包括“岩浆热液说”(岩浆结晶分异说 )、“板块构造成矿说”(含Cu洋壳重熔说 )、“活动转移说”及“变岩浆成矿说” ;分别对它们的立论依据及不足之处进行了较详细的分析 ,并根据作者对斑岩铜矿的时空分布、物质组分、结构构造及矿物中各种包裹体等特征的深入研究 ,提出斑岩铜矿主要是由深源 (地幔或下地壳 )富碱 (K、Na)、硅的热流体 (或与地壳岩石中的裂隙水、地下水混合 )交代或局部熔融上部地壳含Cu岩石而成     

甘肃北山金、铜矿床红沙的植物地球化学特征及其找矿意义

北山地区植被属戈壁荒漠植被类型，主要植物群落为红沙，红沙中多数元素特别是成矿元素及其伴生元素的含量和变化系数矿区大于背景区，元素含量背景区呈对数正态分布，矿区呈偏对数正态或多峰分布，红沙中的元素组合分类背景区为Au,Cu,Pb,Zn,As,Sb,Mo,V,Mn和Ag,Sn,Sr,Ba及Ti,Cr,Co,Ni,金矿区为Au,Ag,As,Sb,Mo,Mn,Sr和Cu,Pb,Zn,Sn,Ba及Co,Ni,Ti,V,Cr,铜矿区为Cu,Pb,Zn,Mo,Au,Ag,Ba和As,Sb,Sn,Mn及Ti,V,Cr,Co,Ni,Sr，矿区红沙中浓集系数较大的元素多数在矿区岩石中的浓集系统亦较大，金，铜矿床红沙和岩石中的特征元素分别都有Au,Ag,Ag,Sb,Mo,(Mn)和Cu,Pb,(Ba,Ti,Cr)。在金，铜矿床（体上方分别发育有良好的Au和Cu的生物地球化学异常和元素组合及分带，根据红沙的地球化学特征能，判断金或铜矿种类型，并能对掩埋，隐伏金，铜矿床（体）进行定位预测。     

岩浆流体在热液矿床形成中的作用

岩浆流体在浅部分离为岩浆卤水和蒸汽相 ,CO2 、SO2 的加入将增加不混溶区间。Ag ,Zn ,Pb ,Sn等在高盐度卤水中呈氯化络合物的形式搬运 ,Cu、Au呈I价态的二硫化络合物的形式在富硫的蒸汽相中搬运。岩浆流体与大气水混合的稀释和热效应 ,是导致Sn元素沉淀的主要机制 ,流体混合需要长期稳定的抽送系统 :( 1)对流体界面混合 ;( 2 )两组裂隙处相遇混合。斑岩Cu矿床早期以岩浆流体为主导 ,晚期大气水普遍存在。反应性强、富含金属的岩浆流体从侵入体往外运移并且与主岩反应 ,形成带状分布的蚀变矿物组合。高硫化浅成热液矿床的早期以流体对主岩的广泛淋滤为特征 ,流体呈酸性和氧化性。密度差使得低盐度液体与深处高盐度卤水在空间上分离。低硫化浅成热液矿床的成矿流体呈低盐度、中性pH值和处于还原性、静水压力条件 ,流体沸腾是成矿卸载的主要机制。富Au型矿床与低盐度富气相流体有关 ,富Ag型矿床与较高盐度的流体有关。在热液系统的寿命中 ,导致矿化的流体活动仅在短暂的时期内存在。热液系统之间在岩浆标志上的变异是由于岩浆流体的间歇性贡献或缺失造成的。     

Cherts from the Yangla copper deposit, western Yunnan Province: geochemical characteristics and relationship with massive sulfide mineralization

Four layers of cherts were found for the first time in the Yangla copper deposit, western Yunnan Province. The cherts possessed the following geochemical characteristics: 1 Low TiO₂ and Al₂O₃ contents, but high ore-forming element (e.g. Cu, Au, Ag) contents; 2 low total REE contents and clear negative Eu anomalies when normalized to chondrite similar to the REE contents and distribution patterns of associated massive sulfide ores; 3 silicon isotopic compositions of cherts in the Yangla deposit being the same as cherts and geyserite of hot-water sedimentary origin; 4 lead and sulfur isotopic compositions of cherts in the Yangla deposit being similar to those of the massive sulfide ores in the Yangla deposit; 5 Rb-Sr isochron age of cherts from the Yangla deposit being identical with that of host strata. Hence, we conclude that the cherts in the Yangla deposit are of hot-water sedimentary origin, which have a close relationship with the massive sulfide ores. The discovery of hydrothermal cherts from the Yangla copper deposit provides further evidence for the hydrothermal exhalative origin of the massive sulfide deposits.     

铜精矿浸出液中铜镍萃取的研究与应用

研究了铜精矿催化加压浸取净化除铁后 ,料液中铜镍的萃取分离及串级模拟实验。采用LIX984萃取剂 ,在料液 pH =4.0时铜镍分离效果较为理想。除铜后的料液 ,用P2 0 4 萃取富集镍。经硫酸反萃的溶液可直接用于铜镍的电解精炼。     

Oxygen and Carbon Isotope Study of Calcite and Dolomite in the Disseminated Au-Ag Telluride Bulawan Deposit, Negros Island, Philippines

Abstract: The disseminated Au‐Ag telluride Bulawan deposit, Negros island, Philippines, is hosted by dacite porphyry breccia pipes which formed in a Middle Miocene dacite porphyry stock. Electrum and Au‐Ag tellurides occur mostly as grains intergrown with or filling voids between sphalerite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena and tennantite. Calcite, quartz and rare dolomite are the principal gangue minerals. Four types of alteration were recognized in the deposit, namely; propylitic, K‐feldspar‐sericitic, sericitic and carbonate alteration. Carbonate alteration is correlatable to the gold deposition stage and occurs mostly along fault zones. The δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C compositions of calcite and dolomite in propylite zone and ore‐stage dacite porphyry breccia were determined. The δ¹⁸O values of calcite in propylitized andesite range from +12.2 to +14.7%, and their δ¹³C values range from ‐6.1 to ‐1.0%. The δ¹⁸O values of calcite and dolomite in sericite‐ and carbonate‐altered, mineralized dacite porphyry breccia and dacite porphyry rocks range from +15.1 to +23.1%, and the δ¹³C values of calcite and dolomite range from ‐3.9 to +0.9%. The δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C values of the hydrothermal fluids were estimated from inferred temperatures of formation on the basis of fluid inclusion microthermometry. The δ¹⁸O values of hydrothermal fluid for the propylitic alteration were calculated to be +8.5 ‐ +9.5%, assuming 375°C. On the other hand, the δ¹⁸O values of ore solutions for base metal and Au mineralization were computed to be +13.6 ‐ +14.6%, assuming 270°C. The hydrothermal fluids that formed the Bulawan deposit are dilute and ¹⁸O‐enriched fluids which reacted with ¹⁸O‐ and ¹³C‐rich wallrocks such as limestone.     

上海金山张堰铜矿床地质特征

通过详查评价，提高了对矿床地质特征的研究程度。在继续肯定矿床的成矿严格受张堰花浆长岩体与金群的接触带控制的同时，对矿床的主要赋矿地层即外接带金山群的分层，构造其各类岩性组成在矿过程中的作用进行了详尽的厘定。     

五台山—恒山绿岩带Au-Ag-Cu成矿作用地球化学特征

五台山—恒山绿岩带Ａｕ、Ａｇ、Ｃｕ矿床可分为二大类型：（１）再生型金银铜矿，产在包括岩浆岩在内的各类岩石断裂构造中，与岩浆期后热液有关；（２）变生型金银铜矿，产于各类变质岩中，具有层控特征（即绿岩型金矿）。在地球化学特征上，再生型矿床与变生型矿床相比，矿体及围岩中Ｍｏ、Ａｇ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｄ等成矿及伴生元素明显富集；Ｋ２Ｏ、Ｒｂ、Ｓｒ、Ｂａ、Ｔｈ、Ｕ也明显富集，是后期岩浆热液作用的结果；Ｈｇ、Ｆ的明显富集则与后期构造活动有关；Ｚｎ／Ｃｄ比值较低，说明受到后期岩浆侵入影响；Ｔｈ／Ｕ比值低，可能指示富钙的酸性岩环境。再生型Ａｕ矿化的元素组合为Ｃｄ、Ａｓ、Ｎｉ、Ａｇ、Ｓｂ、Ａｕ、Ｈｇ（Ｂｉ），再生型Ａｇ矿化的元素组合为Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ａｇ、Ｃｄ、Ｃｕ、Ｎｉ（Ｍｏ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｂｉ），变生型Ａｕ矿化的元素组合较简单，只为Ａｕ、Ｈｇ、Ａｓ或Ａｕ、Ｃｕ。上述地球化学特征不仅可以有效地区分矿化类型，而且可以作为地球化学找矿和评价的指标     

江西永平铜矿田构造地球化学

本文在对永平铜矿田构造调查研究的基础上,初步探讨了矿田主要控岩控矿构造——F_1断裂构造地球化学和候家—嵩山倒转背斜褶皱构造地球化学,以及构造应力对矿液和成矿物质的运移与富集的影响——成矿构造地球化学。最后还提出了永平铜矿田构造地球化学成矿模式。