铜在坡缕石中的吸附位置和吸附机理研究

对四个吸附铜的坡缕石的解吸附实验研究表明,被解吸附的铜来自于坡缕石的表面和纤维状晶体的网状空隙。吸附铜的坡缕石的X射线光电子能谱（XPS）上出现了932．5eV和933．7eV的光电子峰,表明坡缕石表面的铜以Cu^＋和Cu^2＋的形式存在;傅立叶变换红外吸收光谱（FTIR）上八面体离子的吸收峰出现规律性偏移,其中Mg3OH和Al2□OH吸收峰向高频方向移动了3～5cm^-1,部分铜离子进入到坡缕石的晶体结构的通道中;电子顺磁共振谱上（ESR）出现了g=2．34、2．12、2．08和2．05等4个信号：表明铜离子位于H^＋难以到达的位置。吸附铜的坡缕石的矿物学研究及其解吸附实验的结果均表明铜在坡缕石中以3种形式存在：①以Cu^＋和Cu^2＋的形式吸附在坡缕石纤维的表面,与坡缕石表面的悬空氧成键;②以ECu（H2O）4]^2＋的形式存在于坡缕石的晶体结构的微空腔中（通道）;③以Cu^2＋的形式存在于坡缕石晶体结构中的硅氧四面体六元环的底部或八面体位。     

东川式铜矿的成矿作用及后期叠加改造:来自硫化物原位硫同位素的制约

沉积岩型层状铜矿床(SSC型)的成因争论聚焦在成矿作用主要集中在沉积成岩期并可能叠加有后期成矿作用,还是形成于成岩后盆地闭合过程和造山作用有关.产于扬子板块西缘的东川式铜矿是中国SSC型矿床的典型代表,这些矿床赋存在晚古元古界东川群岩石中,主要呈层状矿体产出,但也存在少量脉状矿体.文章选择东川铜矿田内因民、汤丹和滥泥坪...     

安徽冬瓜山铜矿床的地球化学特征

冬瓜山铜矿床发育上部层状矿体和下部浸染状—脉状矿体,地球化学特征呈现出明显的垂向变化和二元结构性。从下部浸染状—脉状矿化岩石到上部层状块状矿石,CaO、MgO、Fe2O3、FeO、Cu、Au、Zn、Ag、As等含量和δ18O、δ12C值总体逐渐增高,SiO2、Al2O3、TiO2、K2O、Na2O、Pb、Hg、Sb、Mo、REE等含量和流体包裹体温度379·3℃→135·0℃及δ34S值总体逐渐降低。硬石膏δ34S值为 14·8‰~ 20·5‰,黄铁矿δ34S值为 2·7‰~ 7·9‰,含矿硅质岩δ18O为 12·0‰,含铜矿石中菱铁矿δ18O平均值为 13·97‰。地质地球化学特征反映冬瓜山铜矿床为海底热水喷流沉积成因。     

新疆小热泉子铜(锌)矿床同位素研究

小热泉子矿床是我国最近发现的一个中型富铜( 锌) 矿床,其矿床成因为众多的矿床学家所关注。本文对该矿床中不同类型矿石、矿物的S、O、H、Si 及稀有( 惰性) 气体He、Ar 同位素特征作了较祥细的论述,同时用KAr 法对硫化物的年龄测定进行了初步尝试。该矿床硫化物的δ34S 值为+ 1-5 ‰～+ 11-1 ‰,平均为6-15 ‰(46) ;3 He/4 He( 初始) 值为5 ×10 - 8 ～2-17 ×10 - 6 ,平均为0-64 ×10 - 6(6) ,40 Ar/36Ar 值为305-27     

LMWOA (low molecular weight organic acid) exudation by salt marsh plants: Natural variation and response to Cu contamination

This work aimed to evaluate, in vitro, the capability of roots of two salt marsh plants to release low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) and to ascertain whether Cu contamination would stimulate or not organic acids exudation. The sea rush Juncus maritimus and the sea-club rush Scirpus maritimus, both from the lower Douro river estuary (NW Portugal), were used. Plants were collected seasonally, four times a year in 2004, during low tide. After sampling, plant roots were washed for removal of adherent particles and immersed for 2 h in a solution that matched salinity (3) and pH (7.5) of the pore water from the same location to obtain plant exudates. In one of the seasons, similar experiments were carried out but spiking the solution with different amounts of Cu in order to embrace the range between 0 and 1600 nM. In the final solutions as well as in sediment pore water LMWOAs were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Plants were able to release, in a short period of time, relatively high amounts of LMWOAs (oxalate, citrate, malate, malonate, and succinate). In the sediment pore water oxalate, succinate and acetate were also detected. Therefore, plant roots probably contributed to the presence of some of these organic compounds in pore water. Exudation differed between the plant species and also showed some seasonally variation, particularly for S. maritimus. The release of oxalate by J. maritimus increased with Cu increase in the media. However, exudation of the other LMWOAs did not seem to be stimulated by Cu contamination in the media. This fact is compatible with the existence of alternative internal mechanisms for Cu detoxification, as denoted by the fact that in media contaminated with Cu both plant species accumulated relatively high amounts (29–83%) of the initially dissolved Cu. This study expands our knowledge on the contribution of globally dominant salt marsh plants to the release of LMWOAs into the environment.     

Accumulation of Cu and Zn in discarded antifouling paint particles by the marine gastropod, Littorina littorea

The short-term (5 day) accumulation of Cu and Zn in different tissues of the marine gastropod, Littorina littorea, has been studied in the presence of 10 mg l⁻¹ of antifouling paint particles and pre- or simultaneously contaminated algal food (Ulva lactuca). Accumulation of Cu was observed in the head–foot, digestive gland–gonad complex and gills to extents dependent on how and when food was contaminated and administered. However, retention of Zn was only observed in the gills and only when L. littorea and U. lactuca were simultaneously exposed to paint particles. Relative to the alga, faecal material was highly enriched in Zn, suggesting that the animal is able to rapidly eliminate this metal, most likely through the formation and egestion of insoluble phosphate granules. Thus, L. littorea is a useful biomonitor of marine contamination by antifouling applications in respect of Cu but not Zn.     

Predicting size effect on diffusion-limited current density of oxygen reduction by copper wire

The size effect of copper wire radius (0.04–0.82 mm) on the diffusion-limited current density of an oxygen reduction reaction in stagnant simulated seawater (naturally aerated 0.5 mol/L NaCl) is investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and compared with the results obtained in 0.5 mol/L H2SO4. In the oxygen diffusion-limited range, size effect is found to occur independent of electrolytes, which is attributed to non-linear diffusion. Additionally, to sati...     

广东省典型矿区生态复绿遥感调查研究

以多期遥感数据为数据源,采用人机交互解译方法提取了广东省大宝山多金属矿、云浮硫铁矿、石菉铜矿3个典型矿区生态复绿的位置、面积、变化趋势,结合野外实地调查,查明了矿区生态复绿现状,结果表明:大宝山多金属矿共有3个生态复绿区,生态复绿面积总计约10.08万m~2;云浮硫铁矿生态复绿区主要位于东南部采场,面积总计约65.21万m~2;石菉铜矿总计有生态复绿区25.4万m~2,其中已复绿区15.4万m~2,正在复绿区10.0万m~2,还有大片区域急需复绿。最后总结了3个矿区生态复绿措施和效果,并提出值得借鉴的地方和存在的不足。该文采用的技术方法能够为其他矿区特别是大范围矿区生态复绿的快速提取提供有益的参考。     

新疆库车县盐水沟北铜矿床地质特征及成因探讨

盐水沟北铜矿区位于新疆库车县北部,其大地构造位置处于塔吉克-塔里木陆块区、塔里木陆块、塔里木北缘隆起、库车前陆盆地,区内构造活动强烈。铜矿床赋存于新近纪中新统康村组第一岩性段,矿体呈层状,严格受地层控制。区内共圈定10个铜矿体,矿石矿物主要为孔雀石、赤铜矿、水胆矾、自然铜等,矿体内无夹石,顶、底板围岩均为褐红色及浅红色粉质泥岩。该矿床为砂岩型铜矿床。     

中国中元古代裂谷作用及其对层控铜矿床的控制

本文以中国几个重要的层控铜矿为例,并以东川式铜矿及其成矿构造背景——昆阳拗拉谷为重点,分析了它们的大地构造背景和其它地质特征,指出它们均受裂谷—拗拉谷或类似的拉张-裂陷构造所控制,并归纳了这类矿床的主要特征。