A critical review and re-investigation of the Pleistocene deposits between Cranfield Point and Kilkeel,Northern Ireland: Implications for regional sea-level models and glacial reconstructions of the northern Irish Sea basin

The coastline of County Down includes sites that are pivotal to understanding the history of the last glaciation of the northern Irish Sea Basin in relation to relative sea level and regional glacial readvances. The cliff sections display evidence that has been used to underpin controversial models of glaciomarine sedimentation in isostatically-depressed basins followed by emergent marine and littoral environments. They also provide crucial evidence claimed to constrain millennial-scale ice sheet oscillations associated with uniquely large and rapid sea-level fluctuations. This paper reviews previous work and reports new findings that generally supports the ‘terrestrial’ model of glaciation, involving subglacial accretion and deformation of sediment beneath grounded ice. Deep troughs were incised into the till sheet during a post Late Glacial Maximum draw-down of ice into the Irish Sea Basin. Ice retreat was accompanied by glaciomarine accretion of mud in the troughs during a period of high relative sea level. The trough-fills were over-ridden, compacted, deformed and truncated during a glacial re-advance that is correlated with the Clogher Head Readvance. Grounding-line retreat accompanied by rapid subaqueous ice-proximal sedimentation preserved a widespread subglacial stone pavement. Raised beach gravels cap the sequence. The evidence supports an uninterrupted fall in relative sea level from c. 30?m that is consistent with sea level curves predicted by current glacio-isostatic adjustment modelling. Critical evidence previously cited in support of subaerial dissection of the troughs, and hence rapid fall and rise in relative sea level prior to the deposition of the glaciomarine muds, is not justified.     

抗坏血酸为基体改进剂石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定金矿区植物样品中的痕量金

应用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)测定地球化学样品中的低含量金具有较高的准确度,但用于测定植物样品中痕量金时,传统方法的称样量较大(20 g),样品在马弗炉中灰化不完全,检出限较高(0.29ng/g)。本文确定了应用GFAAS分析金矿区植物样品中痕量金的测定条件,石墨炉的升温程序为:金的灰化温度1000℃,原子化温度2000℃,以抗坏血酸为基体改进剂,瓷坩埚为灰化器皿,且将样品的灰化温度降低到500℃,灰化时间2.0 h,确保了样品灰化完全且待测元素不发生挥发损失。本方法称样量较小(5.0 g),检出限为0.03 ng/g,精密度为6.8%~11.9%,加标回收率为83.8%~104.7%。经过金矿区实际植物样品试验,发现不同植物对金的富集能力相差较大,其中玉米植株对金的富集能力强。     

广西岩溶石漠化变化规律及强弱程度遥感分析

利用美国Landsat-5TM7、TM5、TM3波段假彩色合成图像,对广西岩溶石漠化分布特征和形成条件进行遥感综合分析.结合石漠化发育严重的平果和大化县,用不同时相的TM图像进行对比,查明岩溶石漠化的萎缩原因.在总结石漠化变化规律的基础上,对石漠化强弱程度的划分进行了探讨.     

产于东西伯利亚的玉是发展当地独特石雕艺技的基石

本文研究了东西伯利亚玉矿的开发史。从新石器时代起,东西伯利亚的玉就已成为需求量很大的一种矿物资源。赋存于贝加尔湖区丰富的玉石促进了当地石雕艺技的蓬勃发展。西伯利亚的玉因形成机理迥异而绚丽多彩,该区玉石成因原则上可分为“去超基性岩化型”和“去碳酸岩化型”两种不同类型。东西伯利亚的玉成为重塑当地数千年来文明发展史的标志。文章概述了东西伯利亚的玉在亚洲北部古代社会中和当代科学研究中的重要价值和意义,讨论了该种玉的天然属性对艺术品和工业品制备过程中可能出现的各种问题,展示了东西伯利亚的玉的独特魅力及其与系列化设计工艺品间的差异。     

陆相盐湖层序地层学研究简述

陆相盐湖盐源复杂多样,主要有陆源、海源和地壳深部三大类。前两类主要通过蒸发成盐,气候起着关键作用,形成的陆相盐湖低水位和高水位体系域中盐岩发育,湖侵体系域中盐岩相对不发育;第三类主要通过兑卤成盐,作为深层卤水通道的深大断裂的活动期次控制了盐岩的发育,盐岩主要发育在湖侵体系域,高水位体系域次之,低水位体系域中盐岩一般不发育。     

老挝华潘省香科菱镁矿地质特征与成因分析

经野外调研和室内研究,对老挝华潘省香科菱镁矿的矿区地质、矿体、围岩与夹石、矿石特征和矿床成因取得了一些新的认识。该矿区出露地层为下古生界（Pz₁）、中-上石炭统（C_2-3）和第四系河流二级阶地沉积（Qp_Ⅱ^al）,主要构造为1条北西向逆断层和4条北东向平移断层。矿体产于逆断层南西侧的强烈构造变形带中,呈脉状产出,厚度为数mm至10余cm,共圈出10个矿体。矿体的围岩与夹石的岩石类型相同,为浅变质陆源碎屑岩,具高硅（w（SiO₂）为81.190%）、低镁（w（MgO）为0.781%）、富铁（w（Fe₂O₃）为11.716%、w（FeO）为1.719%）特征。矿石矿物为菱镁矿,脉石矿物主要为石英、金云母、白云石、绢云母和褐铁矿。香科菱镁矿的形成过程是：在中-晚三叠世的古特提斯洋封闭过程中,镁质从超镁铁岩中析出形成含矿热液,含矿热液迁移与富集后在强烈构造变形带中形成网脉状菱镁矿。香科菱镁矿的成因类型属产于浅变质碎屑岩中之老挝香科式晶质菱镁矿热液型矿床,成矿时代属中-晚三叠世。     

Nivation forms and processes in unconsolidated sediments,NE Greenland

In the periglacial unconsolidated sediment landscape of Zackenberg in High Arctic NE Greenland, perennial and seasonal snowpatches dominate the geomorphological development in large areas and control the distribution of the vegetation. The existence and distribution of snowpatches and their associated landforms are mainly controlled by the dominating winter wind direction and the amount of snow precipitation, with aspect exerting much less influence. This makes them an important source of information on past environmental change, and knowledge of the combination of geomorphological processes and forms that result from their existence is thus essential. The main nivation processes are backwall failure, sliding and flow, niveo-aeolian sediment transport, supra- and ennival sediment flows, niveo-fluvial erosion, development of pronival stone pavements, accumulation of alluvial fans and basins, and pronival solifluction. The importance of failure, sliding and flow in the continuous retrogressive extension of nivation hollows and niches is emphasized under the term backwall failure. A morphological assemblage of landforms clearly demonstrates the direct nival sediment transfer link between the eroded nivation hollows, their associated meltwater eroded channels and the pronival alluvial fans or basins. All landform elements and their formative processes are integrated into a comprehensive model. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

日中美抗震规范中电气设备抗震设计研究

为研究我国电力设备抗震设计规范的适用性,以日本、中国和美国的电力设施抗震设计规范为研究对象,对比分析了3个国家规范在电气设备动力反应放大效应、法兰 - 瓷套管连接和电气设备振动台试验等方面的不同特点.通过国内外抗震规范的综合对比,分析了我国电气设备抗震设计的优缺点,通过借鉴国外先进的抗震设计理论,为修订我国电气设备抗震设计提出了建议.     

Probabilistic Prediction Models for Aggregate Quarry Siting

Weights-of-evidence (WofE) and logistic regression techniques were used in a GIS framework to predict the spatial likelihood (prospectivity) of crushed-stone aggregate quarry development. The joint conditional probability models, based on geology, transportation network, and population density variables, were defined using quarry location and time of development data for the New England States, North Carolina, and South Carolina, USA. The Quarry Operation models describe the distribution of active aggregate quarries, independent of the date of opening. The New Quarry models describe the distribution of aggregate quarries when they open. Because of the small number of new quarries developed in the study areas during the last decade, independent New Quarry models have low parameter estimate reliability. The performance of parameter estimates derived for Quarry Operation models, defined by a larger number of active quarries in the study areas, were tested and evaluated to predict the spatial likelihood of new quarry development. Population density conditions at the time of new quarry development were used to modify the population density variable in the Quarry Operation models to apply to new quarry development sites. The Quarry Operation parameters derived for the New England study area, Carolina study area, and the combined New England and Carolina study areas were all similar in magnitude and relative strength. The Quarry Operation model parameters, using the modified population density variables, were found to be a good predictor of new quarry locations. Both the aggregate industry and the land management community can use the model approach to target areas for more detailed site evaluation for quarry location. The models can be revised easily to reflect actual or anticipated changes in transportation and population features.     

首位中国国家地质公园诞生回顾与展望

石林喀斯特国际意义的科学价值发现源自时间、空间、演化相融合的地球科学综合考察评价路径,这就发现了"山石冠天下、风情醉游人"石林名胜的科学价值,也提供了石林地质公园可持续利用管理的基础.石林地质公园是集喀斯特地质、地貌、水文水资源、土壤、生物、人群聚落与文化习俗于一体的完整地理区,具有建成可持续发展示范区的科学价值、美学...