论个旧老矿区的新找矿方向

笔者通过对古地磁、氧同位素组成、稀土元素组成及成岩温度、Si0含量的变化规律以及花岗岩的侵入时代等方面的综合研究,总结出个旧东区及西区的花岗岩体是同源的花岗岩岩浆侵入演化形成的,同样是成矿母岩,都有利于个旧东区与西区锡多金属矿床的形成。笔者总结了个旧矿区的矿床类型及成矿规律。个旧矿区的原生矿床类型有：①产于碎屑岩中的裂隙脉型矿化;②产于石灰岩和白云岩中的层状—脉状、网脉状的气成—热液矿床;③产于花岗岩凹部及花岗岩突起顶部接触带矽卡岩中的接触交代矿床。个旧矿区的热液活动及热液蚀变作用很突出,花岗岩中的热液蚀变有：碳酸盐化、绿泥石化、云英岩化、绢云母化、钠长石化。其中碳酸盐化、云英岩化与锡、铜、钨矿化密切相关。笔者指出：在个旧矿区不论东区老矿区的深部及老矿山之间和外围还是整个西区都有进行新一轮找矿的必要性及可能性,而且提出个旧矿区的东区及西区新一轮找矿的方向和靶区。本文还指出在个旧矿区长期以来所划定的五子山复式背斜及贾沙复式向斜没有证据,应予以否定,包括应重新认识原来认为的仅局限于复背斜控制成矿的观点,开阔视野开展新一轮找矿。     

桂东大瑶山地区铜金多金属矿床成矿系列及成矿模式

大瑶山地区铜金多金属矿床主要由斑岩型、夕卡岩型、断裂-蚀变岩型3种类型的矿床（点）组成,矿种以金为主,伴有铜、银、铅、锌等矿化,构成了一个较完整的成矿系列组合,可划分2个矿床成矿系列和4个矿床成矿亚系列.成矿作用与浅成-超浅成岩浆岩关系密切.岩浆活动为矿床的形成提供了热源和热液.断裂构造提供了运移通道并控制着矿体分布.震旦系-寒武系是主要矿源层.建立了矿源层、构造、岩浆活动“三位一体”的区域成矿模式.     

内蒙古维拉斯托锌铜多金属矿床特征及成因

维拉斯托锌铜多金属矿床受米生庙复背斜南东翼的近东西向“S”型压扭性断裂构造控制,矿体赋存在接触部位的古元古界宝音图组和华力西中期花岗闪长岩体内.通过系统总结矿区地质、矿体地质以及矿床矿石结构构造、矿物及其交生、围岩蚀变、化学成分特征,认为锌铜多金属成矿作用与石英闪长岩侵入岩体关系密切,矿床形成时代为华力西中期,矿床成因类型为岩浆热液型.     

内蒙古维拉斯托锌铜矿床选矿试验研究

维拉斯托锌铜多金属矿床矿石中富含多种元素,其中铜、铅、锌、砷、银、钨、钴等元素具有综合利用价值,矿石类型属于比较难选多金属矿石.采用混合浮选铜铅（-0.076 mm为65%）-依次浮选锌、砷（钴）-再浮选钨-重选（摇床）选钨的选矿工艺流程,对选矿pH值、药剂种类及用量等系列选矿条件进行了实验研究,达到较为理想的选矿效果,为矿山生产提供了技术保证.     

内蒙古东乌珠穆沁旗舒哈迪铅锌多金属矿成矿特征

舒哈迪铅锌多金属矿床赋存在发育于奥陶系中统多宝山组细碧岩、石英角斑岩岩系中的断裂构造蚀变带内,矿体呈脉状、透镜状,受舒哈迪背斜构造及其伴生的断裂构造控制,铅锌矿石成分简单,伴生有银和铜.围岩蚀变主要为黄铁矿化、硅化、绿泥石化、绿帘石化、绢云母化和碳酸盐化,具有不明显的分带性.成矿物质来源于奥陶系中统多宝山组变质岩系,成矿热液来源于隐伏的岩浆侵入体,矿床成因属于岩浆热液充填（脉）型铅锌多金属矿床,矿床形成时代为燕山早-中期.     

Geology and Geochemistry of the Bianbianshan Au‐Ag‐Cu‐Pb‐Zn Deposit,Southern Da Hinggan Mountains,Northeastern China

The Bianbianshan deposit, the unique gold-polymetal (Au-Ag-Cu-Pb-Zn) veined deposit of the polymetal metallogenic belt of the southern segment of Da Hinggan Mountains mineral province, is located at the southern part of the Hercynian fold belt of the south segment of Da Hinggan Mountains mineral province, NE China. Ores at the Bianbianshan deposit occur within Cretaceous andesite and rhyolite in the form of gold-bearing quartz veins and veinlet groups containing native gold, electrum, pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena and sphalerite. The deposit is hosted by structurally controlled faults associated with intense hydrothermal alteration. The typical alteration assemblage is sericite + chlorite + calcite + quartz, with an inner pyrite - sericite - quartz zone and an outer seicite - chlorite - calcite - epidote zone between orebodies and wall rocks. δ34 S values of 17 sulfides from ores changing from –1.67 to +0.49‰ with average of –0.49‰, are similar to δ34 S values of magmatic or igneous sulfide sulfur. 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb and 208Pb/ 204Pb data of sulfide from ores range within 17.66–17.75, 15.50–15.60, and 37.64–38.00, respectively. These sulfur and lead isotope compositions imply that ore-forming materials might mainly originate from deep sources. H and O isotope study of quartz from ore-bearing veins indicate a mixed source of deep-seated magmatic water and shallower meteoric water. The ore formations resulted from a combination of hydrothermal fluid mixing and a structural setting favoring gold-polymetal deposition. Fluid mixing was possibly the key factor resulting in Au-Ag-Cu-Pb-Zn deposition in the deposit. The metallogenesis of the Bianbianshan deposit may have a relationship with the Cretaceous volcanic-subvolcanic magmatic activity, and formed during the late stage of the crust thinning of North China.     

Biogenic signature and ultra microfossils in ferromanganese nodules of the Central Indian Ocean Basin

Theories related to the precipitation mechanism of the metallic elements in marine manganese nodules have remained controversial between two schools of thoughts (1) chemical oxidation (abiotic origin) and (2) deposition of the metals through microbial enzymatic processes (biogenic origin). One of the most important evidence in support of the biogenic origin is the occurrence of fossilized microbes. However, well-documented literature in this regard is either lacking or very scanty in case of Indian Ocean nodules. Using high resolution FEG-SEM we have recorded various biogenic signatures and ultra microfossils in the ferromanganese nodule samples from Central Indian Ocean Basin (CIOB) that are presented in this paper. The microfossils are mostly protozoans belonging to varieties of bacteria, diatoms and foraminifera. Some of the features recorded in this study have perhaps never been reported before from any manganese nodules. The chemical compositions of these ultra microfossils indicate a high-level of manganese precipitation in and around them in comparison to the distant surrounding areas. While clumpy microbes are enriched with nickel, the rod shaped bacteria are rich in copper. Up to 4.70 wt.% nickel and 5.31 wt.% Cu have been recorded in the fossilized microbe bodies. The high abundance of biogenic features as well as microfossils in the ferromanganese nodules and their chemical compositions support arguments in favor of a dominant role of the microorganisms in the construction of the nodules of the CIOB.     

贵州梅树村期多金属矿沉积地质特征

贵州早寒世武梅树村期黑色岩系黑色岩系中的Mo、Ni、V等多金属矿与沉积环境的关系密切,形成不同的多金属组合,可分为粘土岩型钼钒矿和黄铁矿型镍钼矿和粘土岩型钒矿三种组合,分布于不同的沉积相区,可能为深源物质封闭海域沉积作用的产物。     

黄土碳酸盐碳同位素环境意义讨论

黄土碳酸盐碳同位素广泛应用于第四纪气候环境变化的研究中,以往研究中多利用钙结核、次生碳酸盐或成壤碳酸盐,认为其反映了C₄植物的丰度。黄土高原碳酸盐碳同位素表现为黄土层高,古土壤层中低,即黄土层中C₄植物丰度高于古土壤层。然而,这样的结果和黄土有机碳同位素得到的结果矛盾,有机碳同位素的结果表明温度对C₄植物的分布起到了决定性作用。由于有机碳同位素对植物类型的反映更为直接而可靠,因此碳酸盐碳同位素反映C₄植物丰度存在疑问。对黄土高原黄土碳酸盐碳同位素的系统概括后认为,第四纪期间黄土碳酸盐碳同位素与C₄植物有直接联系,但C₄植物丰度不是唯一决定性的因素,碳酸盐碳同位素的指示意义存在复杂性。在黄土高原地区,植被发育程度、与大气CO₂交换程度、植被本身的碳同位素值的变化以及原生碳酸盐的影响等因素都会对碳酸盐碳同位素产生影响。由黄土碳酸盐碳同位素的讨论可延伸到不同土壤碳酸盐碳同位素揭示的环境指示意义,不同的土壤环境,其气候条件、植被类型及发育程度...     

太平洋多金属结核及沉积物标准物质研制

太平洋多金属结核及深海沉积物标准物质,ＧＳＰＮ－２,３和ＧＳＭＳ－２,３,４个样品已研制完成。ＧＳＰＮ－２,３和ＧＳＭＳ－２采自太平洋ＣＣ区,ＧＳＭＳ－３采自中太平洋海盆（ＣＰ区）。原样被加工成－２００目（７４μｍ）的均匀粉未,其均匀性采用高精度的Ｘ射线荧光光谱法检测。样品的特性值采用国内外多实验室协同分析的方式定值,有包括台湾大学在内的１４个国内实验室和１８个国外实验室参加了合作分析。测试组分分别达７９和８１个,定值组分６３个。全组分的百分总和分别为：９９．７％,９９．５％,９９．８％和９９．７％。这４个标准物质已于１９９７年被国家技术监督局批准为国家一级标准物质,序号分别为ＧＢＷ０７２９５,ＧＢＷ０７２９６,ＧＢＷ０７３１５和ＧＢＷ０７３１。