Architecture of vertically stacked fluvial deposits,Atane Formation,Cretaceous, Nuussuaq,central West Greenland

Excellent exposures of thick, multistorey, fluvial deposits from the deltaic Atane Formation on south‐east Nuussuaq, central West Greenland, show the architecture of up to 100 m thick continuously aggrading fluvial depositional complexes. The succession comprises vertically stacked channel belt sandstones separated by thin floodplain deposits, with little to no incision between storeys. Architectural elements and palaeocurrent patterns of channel deposits indicate deposition in large, relatively stable, low‐sinuosity rivers, probably located within an incised valley. Gradual transitions from channel to floodplain deposits accompanied by a gradual change from floodplain to spillover sand suggest avulsion on the floodplain as a possible mechanism for the vertically alternating channel and floodplain deposits. Despite its relative proximity to contemporaneous sea‐level (ca 35 km upstream from the palaeo‐shoreline) the depositional complex is entirely non‐marine. The aggrading nature of the deposits suggests a continuously rising base level coupled with a high and steady sediment supply. Vertical alternations between floodplain and channel deposits may be forced by subtle interruptions in this balance or autocyclic mechanisms on the floodplain. This study provides an example of aggrading lowstand/non‐marine transgressive systems tract deposits.     

松辽残留地台区成因机制研究

本文在讨论松辽残留地台区特征的基础上，根据松辽地台区地幔流场的演变历史及热流演化特征，探讨了该区的成因机制。     

基于Excel平台土壤含水量多元回归预测模型

土壤含水量是表述土壤干湿程度,反映旱情最直接的重要指标。土壤含水量预测能够反映未来某一时段农牧业旱情发展趋势,为开展旱情预警、各级领导和政府部门指挥抗旱减灾提供决策性依据。以降水、蒸发、风速等实测信息源为影响因子,以Excel为技术平台,创建了土壤含水量多元回归预测模型。该预测模型创建方法简单易行,便于改造和移植,有进一步推广价值。     

鄂西地区南沱组地层沉积特征及成因分析

以沉积学，流体力学的基本原理为基础，运用沉积对比，粒度统计等方面对鄂西地区南沱组杂砾岩的成因机理进行了探讨，通过岩石类型，剖面层序，岩石的砾石表面特征、碎屑颗粒分布规律及沉积物构造研究后认为，南沱组杂砾岩并非冰碛砾岩，而属海缘盆地下水泥石流和浅海相沉积。     

Integration of sedimentology and ground‐penetrating radar for high‐resolution imaging of a carbonate platform

Ground‐penetrating radar has not been applied widely to the recognition of ancient carbonate platform geometries. This article reports the results of an integrated study performed on an Upper Jurassic outcrop from the south‐east Paris basin, where coral bioherms laterally change into prograding depositional sequences. Ground‐penetrating radar profiles illustrate the different bedding planes and major erosional unconformities visible at outcrop. A ground‐penetrating radar profile conducted at the base of the cliff displays a palaeotopographic surface on which the outcropping bioherms settled. The excellent penetration depths of the ground‐penetrating radar (20 m with a monostatic 200 MHz antenna) images the carbonate platform geometries, ranging between outcrop workscale (a few metres) and seismic scale (several hundreds of metres). This study supports recent evidence of icehouse conditions and induced sea‐level fluctuations controlling the Upper Jurassic carbonate production.     

冲积扇砾岩储层构型特征及其对储层开发的控制作用——以准噶尔盆地西北缘某区克下组冲积扇储层为例

冲积扇砾岩储层作为陆相沉积储层十分重要的类型之一, 一直是我国油气勘探开发的重点领域。以准噶尔盆地西北缘某区下克拉玛依组为例, 根据砾岩储层相变快、储层非均质性强等特点, 在沉积相分析的基础上, 对储层构型特征进行了精细分析, 将储层划分为槽流砾石体、槽滩砂砾体、漫洪内砂体、漫洪内细粒、片流砾石体、漫洪外砂体、漫洪外细粒、辫流水道、辫流砂砾坝、漫流砂体、漫流细粒、径流水道和水道间细粒共13种构型单元, 其中以槽流砾石体、片流砾石体、辫流水道和辫流砂砾坝占主导。构型解剖结果显示:研究区砾岩储层槽流砾石体平面呈条带状, 剖面厚度大, 为2~8 m;片流砾石体沉积厚度大, 一般为2~7 m;辫流水道构型单元宽度为80~400 m, 剖面呈透镜状, 厚度为2~7 m;辫流砂砾坝沉积厚度较大, 为2~7 m。上述构型单元受北部和西北部方向物源控制明显。储层构型特征能有效反映储层非均质性、连通性等属性, 对油田开发具有较强的控制作用。     

Research on the seismic fortification level of offshore platform in Bohai Sea and adjacent areas

Introduction Offshore platform is the main facility for exploitation of ocean resources, e.g. oil and gas. Nearly 6 000 platforms have been built in the world, 100 among them in China, another 100 will be erected in China in the coming 5 years. The current aseismic design code commonly used in the world is RP2A-WSD based on the seismic hazard zone in the coastal waters of the United States, which is compiled by American Petroleum Institute (American Petroleum Institute, 2002). No specif…     

省域地震应急联动协同的工作平台研究

联动应急的工作平台建设是应急处置的一项基础性工作,包括联动应急的指挥平台和信息平台。指挥平台应坚持以应急管理流程为主线来设计,其主要内容包括各类支援平台、相关的数据库、管理指挥中心、各种保障体系等,其实现方式和途径可以设计为多维交互网络模型。联动应急信息平台的建设可从信息接入系统、信息服务系统以及信息交换平台、视讯展示平台等方面进行。     

Effect of vegetation cover and sediment type on 3D subsurface structure and shear strength in saltmarshes

The vulnerability of saltmarshes to lateral erosion at their margin depends on the local biogeomorphological properties of the substrate. In particular, the 3D architecture of pore and root systems is expected to influence shear strength, with repercussions for the wider-scale stability of saltmarshes. We apply X-ray computed microtomography (μCT) to visualize and quantify subsurface structures in two UK saltmarshes at Tillingham Farm, Essex (silt/clay rich substrate) and Warton Sands (sand-rich substrate), with four types of ground cover: bare ground, Spartina spp, Salicornia spp and Puccinellia spp. We extracted μCT structural parameters that characterize pore and root morphologies at each station, and compared them with field measurements of shear strength using a principal component analysis and correlation tests. The 3D volumes show that species-dependent variations in root structures, plant colonization events and bioturbation activity control the morphology of macropores, while sediment cohesivity determines the structural stability and persistence of these pore structures over time, even after the vegetation has died. Areas of high porosity and high mean pore thickness were correlated to lower values of shear strength, especially at Tillingham Farm, where well-connected vertical systems of macropores were associated with current or previous colonization by Spartina spp. However, while well-connected systems of macropores may lower the local deformation threshold of the sediment, they also encourage drainage, promote vegetation growth and reduce the marsh vulnerability to hydrodynamic forces. The highest values of shear strength at both sites were found under Puccinellia spp, and were associated with a high density of mesh-like root structures that bind the sediment and resist deformation. Future studies of marsh stability should ideally consider time series of vegetation cover, especially in silt/clay-dominated saltmarshes, in order to consider the potential effect of preserved buried networks of macropores on water circulation, marsh functioning and cliff-face erosion.     

Analysis of bacterial diversity and metals in produced water, seawater and sediments from an offshore oil and gas production platform

Produced water is one of the largest waste products routinely discharged into the ocean from offshore oil and gas platforms. This study analyzed bacterial communities and metals in the produced water, surrounding seawater, and sediment around the Thebaud platform. The bacterial community within the produced water was different from the seawater (SAB = 13.3), but the discharge had no detectable effect on the bacterial communities in the seawater (SAB > 97). In contrast, genomic analysis of sediments revealed that the bacterial community from 250 m was different (SAB = 70) from other locations further from the discharge, suggesting that the produced water had a detectable effect on the bacterial community in the sediment closest to the discharge. These near-field sediments contained elevated concentrations of manganese and iron that are associated with the produced water effluent. The results suggested that the discharge of produced water has influenced the bacterial community structure of sediments adjacent to the platform.