On splitter plate coverage for suppression of vortex-induced vibrations of flexible cylinders

Experimental results show how vortex-induced vibration (VIV) amplitudes of flexible cylinders can be reduced up to a 90% by covering less than half of the length of the cylinder with splitter plates elastically mounted to the surface of the cylinder.The VIV amplitude reduction takes place along with drag coefficient reductions of up to a 50% for the reduced velocities investigated.     

Strymon and Strymonikos Gulf basins (Northern Greece): Implications on their formation and evolution from faulting

In Central and Eastern Macedonia of Northern Greece large NW–SE trending basins filled up mainly with terrestrial sediments developed during the Neogene over the Alpine basement rocks. Among them, the Strymon basin was established along the NNW–SSE trending Strouma/Strymon Lineament which formed over the tectonic boundary of the Serbomacedonian and Rhodope massifs, both representing the hinterland of the Hellenic orogen. The present study suggests that the Strymon basin was not formed as a syn-detachment basin over the Strymon Valley Detachment Fault, considered to have caused exhumation of the Rhodope massif metamorphic complex. Instead, transpressional s.l. tectonics dominated the region in the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene and it progressively changed into a wrench tectonics under which the Strymon basin has been initiated in the Middle Miocene. The basin continued to develop further under a short-lived NW–SE extension in the Middle-Late Miocene. The whole deformation is attributed to the late-stage collisional processes between the Apulia and Eurasia plates. The prevalent NE–SW extension has been constrained later on in the Late Miocene and Pliocene times activating both low-angle and high-angle NW–SE trending faults and causing the regional tilting towards the SW of the mountain fault blocks (i.e., mountain chains). From Quaternary onwards, the Strymon basin has been separated from the Strymonikos Gulf basin due to an N–S extension that mainly activates E–W striking normal faults.     

Evolution of Ataúro Island: Temporal constraints on subduction processes beneath the Wetar zone, Banda Arc

Ataúro is a key to understanding the late stage volcanic and subduction history of the Banda Arc to the north of Timor. A volcanic history of bi-modal subaqueous volcanism has been established and new whole rock and trace element geochemical data show two compositional groups, basaltic andesite and dacite–rhyolite. ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar geochronology of hornblende from rhyo-dacitic lavas confirms that volcanism continued until 3.3 Ma. Following the cessation of volcanism, coral reef marine terraces have been uplifted to elevations of 700 m above sea level. Continuity of the terraces at constant elevations around the island reflects regional-scale uplift most likely linked to sublithospheric processes such as slab detachment. Local scale landscape features of the eastern parts of Ataúro are strongly controlled by normal faults. The continuation of arc-related volcanism on Ataúro until at least 3.3 Ma suggests that subduction of Australian lithosphere continued until near this time. This data is consistent with findings from the earthquake record where the extent of the Wetar seismic gap to a depth of 350 km suggests slab breakoff, as a result of collision, commenced at ∼4 Ma, leading to subsequent regional uplift recorded in elevated terraces on Ataúro and neighbouring islands.     

Canonical Elements for Öpik Theory

The purpose of this paper is to find a set of canonical elements to use within the framework of Öpik theory of close encounters of a small body with a planet (Öpik, Interplanetary Encounters, 1976). Since the small body travels along a planetocentric hyperbola during the close approach and Öpik formulas are valid, without approximations, only at collision, we derive a set of canonical elements for hyperbolic collision orbits (eccentricity e → 1⁺, semi-major axis a fixed) and then we introduce the unperturbed velocity of the small body and the distance covered along the asymptote as a new canonically conjugate pair of orbital elements. An interesting result would be to get a canonical set containing the coordinates in the Target Plane (TP), useful for the analysis of the future encounters: in the last part we prove that this is not possible.     

由彗木碰撞引起的十米波爆发

据中国科学院北京天文台与电子工业部２２所的联合观测，证认出１９９４年７月２１日的木星十米波爆发中，有一个爆发可能是由于彗星木星碰撞引起的。     

西秦岭与东昆仑的侧向碰撞与造山

东昆仑和西秦岭两造山带间的关系历来存有争议。笔者认为在全面分析两造山带间由平行造山带走向的侧向运动所造成的基本地质构造现象的基础上,两造山带间是以侧向运动形式为主,这种侧向运动于古生代早期就已发生,至三叠纪末期因发生侧向碰撞造山而结束,鄂拉山次级造山带并由此而产生,同时也完成了秦昆两造山带结合,并进一步指出:西秦岭和东昆仑两造山带并非是在统一造山机制下所形成的同一造山带。     

基于改进RRT*算法的城市低空路径规划方法研究

随着无人机监测、巡查和测绘等低空技术得到广泛应用,低空长距离空中路径规划成为低空航空器应用面临的一个挑战。而传统快速扩展随机树（Rapidly-Exploring Random Trees/RRT）及其改进算法在大范围长距离低空三维空间下面临计算效率慢的问题,对此,本文提出一种带有R树空间索引的双向启发式RRT*算法,该算法在双向RRT*算法基础上为随机采样过程设置了启发函数,使得在面对狭小城市障碍物之间空隙时,能够避免局部最小值情况的出现。在此基础上为城市障碍物建立R树空间索引,减少了海量障碍物情况下碰撞检测的时间,提高了低空长距离空中路径规划效率。此外,为了得到更加符合无人机运动规律的路径,提高算法的实用性,在采样过程中设置转弯阈值控制转弯角度,并且对规划结果路径使用3次B-spline函数进行路径平滑。最后在武汉市三维城市场景中,利用武汉市建筑物数据进行了实验,实验证明相比已有算法,本文提出的带有R树空间索引的双向启发式RRT*算法相比较RRT算法和双向RRT*算法在500 m、 2000 m、 10 000 m不同距离下规划时间均降低了90%以上;采样次数相比RRT算法在不同距离下分别降低了51.6%、75%、86.7%,相比双向RRT*算法在不同距离下分别降低了20%、24.7%、57.3%;转弯次数相比RRT算法在不同距离下分别降低了77.3%、73.5%、78.3%,相比双向RRT*算法在不同距离下分别降低了37.5%、30.8%、16.8%;同时带有R树空间索引的双向启发式RRT*算法得到的结果路径长度相比其他2种算法也有缩短。该算法应用于低空长距离空中路径规划能够有效提高计算效率,降低规划时间,减少采样次数,缩短结果路径,减少转弯次数,丰富无人机的应用场景。     

扬子板块西缘中生代—新生代碰撞造山事件的记录:来自峨眉山玄武岩的锆石U-Pb同位素证据

利用LA-ICP-MS测定技术,对扬子板块西缘滇东倘甸一带的峨眉山玄武岩中的锆石进行了U-Pb同位素年龄测定,363个年龄数据的分布范围为(14.9±0.6)~(3 023±50) Ma,跨越地质时代长,其11个年龄峰值为750~850 Ma、~450 Ma、~275Ma、~260 Ma、~247 Ma、~215 Ma、~160 Ma、~120 Ma、~100 Ma、~52 Ma及~35 Ma,反映了峨眉山玄武岩在形成过程中经历地壳物质的混染,形成后受到了后期构造热事件的巨大影响。其中峨眉山玄武岩一、二亚旋回分别形成于(259.9±3.2) Ma及(259.2±3.6) Ma,~275 Ma的玄武岩锆石年龄可能代表峨眉山玄武岩岩浆房的形成年龄及峨眉地幔柱事件导致地壳开始隆升的时间,峨眉山玄武岩形成后,扬子板块西缘依次经历了~247 Ma、~215 Ma、~160 Ma、~120 Ma、~100 Ma、~52 Ma、~35 Ma的构造热事件,这些年龄数据是扬子板块西缘中生代—新生代碰撞造山事件达到温压高峰的时间记录。     

滇西昌宁-孟连古特提斯闭合的岩浆活动响应——来自临沧岩体南段花岗岩的地质地球化学证据

临沧花岗岩岩体(简称临沧岩体)是滇西澜沧江地区南段出露面积最大的复式岩基,也是特提斯构造域的重要组成单元,其岩石类型主要为黑云母二长花岗岩。锆石样品得出的定年结果为225.1±6.1 Ma,表明这些花岗岩类侵位于晚三叠世。临沧花岗岩的K2O/Na2O值大于1,铝饱和指数A/CNK=1.05~1.95属高钾钙碱性过铝-强过铝质S型花岗岩。岩石总体上富集轻稀土元素((La/Yb)N=6.06~21.01),亏损重稀土元素,并显示出明显的负Eu异常(δEu=0.20~0.38)。岩石地球化学特征指示,临沧花岗岩应为昌宁-孟连古特提斯封闭过程的产物原岩为中下地壳贫粘土的变质砂岩和变质泥岩,其Pearce构造判别图解中的同碰撞属性是对古特提斯封闭及保山-思茅地块碰撞的响应。     

甘肃北山新元古代侵入岩的厘定及其对北山盆山演化格局的制约

北山地区是中亚造山带的组成部分,记录了重要的新元古代构造演化信息。对甘肃北山咸水沟原1:25万区域地质调查所划的泥盆纪侵入岩开展研究,新解体出新元古代二长花岗岩体,对该二长花岗岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,其²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U加权年龄为(787 ±15)Ma。岩石富SiO₂、低TiO₂、高Al₂O₃、富碱,里特曼指数σ和铝饱和指数A/CNK均大于1.05,轻稀土相对于重稀土富集,(La/Yb)_N值为15.20~23.28,表明轻重稀土高度分异,(La/Sm)_N比值为3.14~4.22,指示轻稀土分馏较大,具明显的负Eu异常,富集Rb、Th、La,亏损Nb、P、Ti、Sr,表现出S型花岗岩特征。北山地区的新元古代二长花岗岩形成于大陆碰撞构造环境,位于Rodinia超大陆边缘,该期岩浆事件反映了新元古代北山地区发生了板块碰撞。