Seismic response of single-column bent on pile: evidence of beneficial role of pile and soil inelasticity

While seismic codes do not allow plastic deformation of piles, the Kobe earthquake has shown that limited structural yielding and cracking of piles may not be always detrimental. As a first attempt to investigate the consequences of pile yielding in the response of a pile-column supported bridge structure, this paper explores the soil–pile-bridge pier interaction to seismic loading, with emphasis on structural nonlinearity. The pile–soil interaction is modeled through distributed nonlinear Winkler-type springs and dashpots. Numerical analysis is performed with a constitutive model (Gerolymos and Gazetas 2005a, Soils Found 45(3):147–159, Gerolymos and Gazetas 2005b, Soils Found 45(4):119–132, Gerolymos and Gazetas 2006a, Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 26(5):363–376) materialized in the OpenSees finite element code (Mazzoni et al. 2005, OpenSees command language manual, p 375) which can simulate: the nonlinear behaviour of both pile and soil; the possible separation and gapping between pile and soil; radiation damping; loss of stiffness and strength in pile and soil. The model is applied to the analysis of pile-column supported bridge structures, focusing on the influence of soil compliance, intensity of seismic excitation, pile diameter, above-ground height of the pile, and above or below ground development of plastic hinge, on key performance measures of the pier as is: the displacement (global) and curvature (local) ductility demands and the maximum drift ratio. It is shown that kinematic expressions for performance measure parameters may lead to erroneous results when soil-structure interaction is considered.     

CMW工法在隧道基坑支护工程中的应用

在南京市城市快速内环北线二期隧道基坑支护工程的粉细砂复杂地层中首次成功应用了CMW工法,与钻孔灌注桩、钢板桩、地下连续墙、土钉墙和SMW工法等相比,具有污染小、造价低、速度快和施工质量好等优点。结合该工程实例,介绍了CMW工法施工的优点、工艺流程、设备选择、施工方法、安全管理要求和使用效果等。     

粉煤灰混凝土桩钻孔压灌工艺在软土地基上的应用

介绍了粉煤灰混凝土桩及钻孔压灌工艺的特点,指出了粉煤灰混凝土桩钻孔压灌工艺在软土地基施工中应注意的问题,并列举了２个工程实例。     

桩头侧向集中荷载作用下桩—土系统的非线性动力性能分析

在对侧向动荷作用下桩－土相互作用系统的数值模拟方法进行了评述之后，一个三维显式有限元模型被用来描述桩－土系统，以分析其在施加于桩头的侧向脉冲式动载作用下的非线性动力性能，其中混凝土桩被考虑为线弹性材料，而桩周土体被模拟为一种可进入破坏状态的弹塑性材料，同时滑移界面单元被用来模拟桩、土间的滑移和分离。计算结果表明，桩－土系统的侧向动力性能由桩头的约束条件和地表以下一定深度内的系统上部的性能参数所控制     

深基坑双排桩结构支护效果有限差分数值模拟

[摘 要] 由两排平行的钢筋混凝土桩以及桩顶冠梁形成的双排桩支护结构可以有效控制基坑侧 向变形,被广泛应用于基坑支护设计中。本文以济南市西区文化中心项目大剧院为工程背景,对双排桩 支护结构下基坑坡面水平位移,坑底隆起,桩身弯矩、剪力,桩土接触面切向刚度和法向刚度等特征进行 研究,并通过“实体单元桩冶和“结构单元桩冶的计算结果进行对比分析。研究表明,桩与土体相互作用 力学模型能较好模拟双排桩支护施工过程,计算精度较高;桩顶的水平位移最大,基坑开挖底面的弯矩 和剪力最大;计算结果可为双排支护桩作用机理的研究提供参考。     

Simple formulas for the dynamic stiffness of pile groups

Simple formulas are derived for the dynamic stiffness of pile group foundations subjected to horizontal and rocking dynamic loads. The formulations are based on the construction of a general model of impedance matrices as the condensation of matrices of mass, damping, and stiffness, and on the identification of the values of these matrices on an extensive database of numerical experiments computed using coupled finite element–boundary element models. The formulations obtained can be readily used for the design of both floating piles on homogeneous half‐space and end‐bearing piles and are applicable for a wide range of mechanical and geometrical parameters of the soil and piles, in particular for large pile groups. For the seismic design of a building, the use of the simple formulas rather than a full computational model is shown to induce little error on the evaluation of the response spectra and time histories. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

玉林冬季免耕马铃薯分期播种试验及优质高产气候分析

对玉林市主栽的马铃薯品种黑龙江K 3紫花,采用稻草免耕、地膜覆盖和常耕栽培三种栽培措施分五次播种进行试验,表明,稻草免耕技术不但对地面温度、土壤湿度有很好调节功能,而且与地膜覆盖和常耕栽培产量差异达极显著水平。以播期为11月30日的产量最高,播期为12月10日产量最低。     

建筑桩基检测作业中的危险、有害因素及其对策与措施

从建筑桩基检测作业现场环境、作业过程两方面,系统分析了建筑桩基检测作业中的危险、有害因素,并从加强从业人员安全培训、严格开工安全验收制度、加强检测过程的安全巡查等方面,提出了解决建筑桩基检测作业中的危险、有害因素及其对策与措施。     

路堤下粉喷桩复合地基的设计方法探讨

通过有限元计算,讨论了采用粉喷桩处理饱和黄土与淤泥质土所形成的复合地基,在柔性基础作用下,基础刚度及复合地基中的桩体对复合地基承载力的影响。结果表明：减小基础刚度有利于桩间土体承载力的发挥;桩体对饱和黄土承载力的影响程度大于对淤泥质土体承载力的影响程度。最后依据实测及有限元分析结果,在原有刚性基础下粉喷桩复合地基承载力计算公式的基础上,增加了基础刚度影响系数与桩间土体承载力提高系数,给出了各影响系数的建议取值范围,并在实际工程中得到了成功应用。     

CCD倾斜仪的差分式结构和电路细分方法研究

介绍通过差分式结构设计和脉冲延迟细分方法解决CCD水管倾斜仪的抗干扰能力较弱、分辨力不高等不足.