应力分散型预应力抗拔桩系列技术研究与应用

根据目前国内外预应力抗拔抗浮桩、部分粘结预应力抗拔抗浮桩的优缺点以及使用的局限性——长螺旋钻机对于桩径＞800 mm或桩长＞30 m的桩力不从心,研究了应力分散型预应力抗拔桩及钢筋钢绞线笼系列技术,用于一个直径1 m、桩长60 m的抗拔桩工程,采用旋挖成孔,可实现在工程桩上进行大吨位试桩,受力合理,节省资金和工期,实践证明该系列技术有很好的应用前景。     

锚拉抗滑桩及锚喷技术联合应用于快速滑动的滑坡防护加固工程

以桂林—阳朔高速公路K2542+750～810上边坡滑坡防护治理工程为例,介绍了锚拉抗滑桩及锚喷技术联合应用于治理快速滑动的滑坡的应用情况。滑坡体主要由断层破碎带岩土组成,具有地质构造复杂、岩石破碎、残坡积土孔隙大、雨季地下水丰富、滑坡体岩石成分复杂、力学性能差异大、正处于快速滑移阶段等特点;在滑坡防护加固工程的设计和施工中采用该技术方法等综合措施,解决了突出的问题,并取得了良好的经济效益和社会效果。     

大直径深层钻孔灌注桩拔除工艺研究

结合郑州南站连接线明挖隧道（拔桩区间）拟拔桩基直径大、桩长的特点,对桩体受力特征和拔桩工艺进行了研究。通过拔桩过程中桩周土破坏模式和桩体自身的抗拉强度分析计算,选取有效的减阻方法并应用于工程实践,取得良好效果。最后总结出大直径深层钻孔灌注桩拔除工程中桩身局部扩大、桩侧摩阻力过大和断桩等问题及相应的解决方法,供今后类似工程借鉴。     

卵漂石地层深基坑高压旋喷桩止水帷幕施工工艺

结合青海省微电机厂棚户区改造项目深基坑止水帷幕施工的成功经验,总结出卵漂石地层深基坑双排单重管高压旋喷桩止水帷幕施工的施工工艺及技术要点。     

东昆仑造山带东段哈图沟–清水泉–沟里韧性剪切带塑性变形及动力学条件研究

东昆仑造山带东段哈图沟–清水泉–沟里韧性剪切带记录了多个旋回的造山作用,本文通过对韧性剪切带中石英c轴组构和显微构造特征测试分析,探讨东昆仑造山带东段陆块间俯冲拼合及地壳伸展减薄的形成机制。结果显示,韧性剪切带变形温度介于380~650℃之间,形成环境为中–高绿片岩相到低角闪岩相,剪切带内差异应力值介于173~509 MPa之间,应变速率介于6.93×10–14~1.43×10–8 s–1之间,主体为10–11~10–10 s–1,显示韧性剪切带变形是快速俯冲作用下的产物,越靠近东昆仑造山带东段东昆中断裂带其变形温度、差异应力值及相应的应变速率值越大,表明东昆仑造山带东段韧性剪切变形中心为东昆中断裂带。利用不同方法所计算出的韧性剪切带运动学涡度值,显示韧性剪切带早期瞬时运动学涡度(0.56~1)对应于东昆仑造山带东段东昆南与东昆仑造山带东段东昆北陆块间俯冲的初始阶段,中后期运动学涡度(0.25~0.91)应当对应于东昆南与东昆北陆块间的俯冲碰撞阶段,最晚期的C′瞬时运动学涡度(0.19~0.51)则对应于后造山的伸展阶段。通过石英c轴组构结合其宏微观构造特征,认为东昆中构造带至少经历了3个期次的构造运动,分别为加里东晚期的逆冲兼左行走滑剪切作用、晚海西–印支期的逆冲兼右行走滑剪切作用和燕山早期及之后的脆韧性–脆性的左行走滑剪切作用。     

四川1:25万阿坝县幅区调主要成果与进展

四川1∶25万阿坝县幅区调,在三叠系多重划分对比与沉积盆地演化、新近—第四纪阿坝盆地演化、主要断裂带的断裂结构及其活动性研究等方面取得了重要进展,对南水北调西线一期工程区进行了详细地质调查,编制了一期工程区带状地质图、引水线路评价剖面图,提出了引水线路优选方案,为区域地质调查拓宽服务领域提供了经验,开展了区域地质调查数字填图系统应用试点工作,对系统运用的可行性、有效性及适用性进行了探讨,初步建立适宜于工程与环境地质调查为侧重点的数字区域地质调查工作流程与方法,提高了区域地质研究程度和成果报告的社会实用性。     

Experimental evaluation of shear strength behaviour of plastic and non-plastic silts

Silt is available in many parts of the world in combination with sands and clays. However, due to lack of clear understanding of its engineering behaviour, most of the time it is interpreted in terms of either sands or clays. Structures that are usually built on silty soils are designed to take into account design procedures developed for sandy or clayey soils. Presence of silts in combination with varying amount of sand and clays produces silt that is either plastic or non-plastic in nature. Silt is available in and around the Delhi region, in a majority mixture along with fine sands, which is non-plastic in nature. On the other hand silty deposits found in offshore Bombay High region are found in abundance along with significant amounts of clays and are termed as plastic silts. In this paper a comparison of the stress-strain behaviour of plastic and non-plastic silts is carried out under triaxial compression loading during both drained and undrained conditions. Two representative samples each from Delhi and Bombay High regions were considered for this comparison and results of stress-strain under four sets of confining pressure are discussed in detail. It is observed from this study that behaviour of silts is mainly dependent on the composition and structure of the resultant soil matrix. It is concluded from the results that shear strength parameters as well as volume change/pore pressure response of silty soils is dominated by the constituent soil present along with the silt. It is seen from the comparative behaviour of non-plastic and plastic silts that the presence of sand and clays has a governing effect on pore pressure development and the resultant friction angle. The study also corroborated that the nature of silt is transitional both in the case of plastic and non-plastic forms.     

Thermal analysis of energy piles in sand

The present work investigates the behaviour of geothermal energy piles in sand subjected to thermal loading and the resulting soil-structure interaction, numerically using the finite element software Abaqus and user-defined material subroutines for soil. The stress-strain response of sand has been simulated using CASM constitutive model based on critical-state soil mechanics. Detailed parametric sensitivity studies have been carried out to understand the effects of different end conditions of the pile, relative densities of the soil, coefficients of lateral earth pressure of the ground, lengths and diameters of the pile, thermal loads, coefficients of friction at the pile-soil interface, critical-state friction angles of soil, thermal conductivity of soil, specific heat of soil and thermal conductivity of the pile on the stress response of soil, deformation of the pile and soil, and strains in the pile. The results show that negative shear stress is generated in the soil at the pile-soil interface. In the pile with both ends restrained the lateral earth pressure coefficient in soil increases due to high radial strain generation. Moreover, the lateral earth pressure coefficient in soil increases with the increase in the thermal load, the coefficient of friction at the pile-soil interface and the critical-state friction angle of the soil.     

缺损桩的导纳谱判别法及应用

利用振动工程中的模态分析技术,对桩基系统的振动特性进行研究。根据桩基系统的集中质量参数振动模型,对完整桩和各种缺损桩模型的导纳谱进行了大量的正演计算,按照导纳谱特征与桩基的缺损类型及缺损位置之间的对应关系,编制了相应的判读软件DSP1.0系统,实现了桩基完整性以及缺损桩缺损位置和缺损性质的计算机自动判读。     

Geoeffective Analysis of CMEs Under Current Sheet Magnetic Coordinates

Using 100 CME–ICME events during 1997.01–2002.11, based on the eruptive source locations of CMEs and solar magnetic field observations at the photosphere, a current sheet magnetic coordinate (CMC) system is established in order to statistically study the characteristics of the CME–ICME events and the corresponding geomagnetic storm intensity. The transit times of CMEs from the Sun to the Earth are also investigated, by taking into account of the angle between the CME eruption normal (defined as the vector from the Sun center to the CME eruption source) and the Sun-Earth line. Our preliminary conclusions are: 1. The distribution of the CME sources in our CMC system is obviously different from that in the ordinary heliographic coordinate system. The sources of CMEs are mainly centralized near the heliospheric current sheet (HCS), and the number of events decreases with the increment of the angular distance from the CME source to the HCS on the solar surface; 2. A large portion of the total events belong to the same–side events (referring to the CME source located on the same side of the HCS as the Earth), while only a small portion belong to the opposite–side events (the CME source located on the opposite side of the HCS as the Earth). 3. The intense geomagnetic storms are usually induced by the same–side events, while the opposite side events are commonly associated with relatively weak geomagnetic storms; 4. The angle between the CME normal and the Sun–Earth line is used to estimate the transit time of the CME in order to reflect the influence of propagation characteristic of the CME along the Sun–Earth direction. With our new prediction method in context of the CMC coordinate, the averaged absolute error for these 100 events is 10.33 hours and the resulting relative error is not larger than 30% for 91% of all the events.