岩浆岩储层的形成及油气藏类型

对岩浆岩这一特殊油气藏的储层形成及其孔隙结构特征进行了较系统的阐述 ,认为造成该类储层的决定性因素为构造运动、风化及热液作用等 ,形成了以次生的裂缝为主的复杂孔隙结构类型 ,其储渗空间的分布具有局限性和一定的分散性。由此 ,也造成该类油气藏在分类上的特殊性 ,即按其储层成因的主导因素可分为 :构造裂缝油气藏、古风化壳油气藏及火山碎屑岩油气藏等三大类、若干种 ;提出岩浆岩油气藏在地壳中分布的规律 ,为勘探和开发该类油气藏提供一定的理论基础和评价的依据。     

高层结构塑性铰分布在不同荷载模式下的求解

目前,关于pushover水平荷载模式的研究成果已经有了很多。然而,已有的研究存在如下几个局限性:1.仅选取结构能力曲线和目标位移(顶端、层间)作为结构的性态指标;2.选取的结构模型多为中低层结构。为了考察pushover方法在高层结构的应用,选取了2个高层钢筋混凝土框架剪力墙结构,以结构的塑性铰分布为性态指标,分别进行不同荷载模式下pushover分析计算,给出了各荷载模式的优劣顺序。     

统一弹塑性本构模型在FLAC3D中的计算格式

统一强度理论是一个有着坚实理论基础、可表达各种岩土材料强度特性且被广泛应用的新的强度理论。FLAC3D是一个具有强大的计算分析功能且专门针对岩土工程问题开发并被广泛应用的数值分析软件。若能将二者结合起来,无疑会大大促进岩土工程领域相关问题的解决。针对这一问题,研究了统一弹塑性本构模型在有限差分方法中应用的基本理论格式。根据FLAC3D软件中UDM接口计算格式的要求,将统一强度理论引入其中,详细推导了统一弹塑性本构模型在FLAC3D软件中应用的计算公式。由于统一屈服面在应力空间内由12个面组成,在应力角为[0,π/3]的范围内,统一屈服面由两个相交面组成,为计算塑性因子及处理计算中应力超出屈服面的应力调整问题,利用应力角分析了应力空间的分区,推导了区域分界面的公式。最后,编制了相应的UDM接口程序对一圆形隧洞进行了弹塑性分析,对比了计算结果与解析解,结果很好地验证了此计算格式及相应接口程序的正确性。统一强度理论和FLAC3D软件的结合,将使二者的优点得以充分发挥,以解决更多的岩土工程问题。     

An experimental study of a damage‐controllable plastic‐hinge‐supported wall structure

The reinforced concrete (RC) shear wall serves as one of the most important components sustaining lateral seismic forces. Although they allow advanced seismic performance to be achieved, RC shear walls are rather difficult to repair once the physical plastic hinge at the bottom part has been formed. To overcome this, a damage‐controllable plastic hinge with a large energy dissipation capacity is developed herein, in which the sectional forces are decoupled and sustained separately by different components. The components sustaining the axial and the shear forces all remain elastic even under a rarely occurred earthquake, while the bending components yield and dissipate seismic energy during a design‐level earthquake. This design makes the behavior of the system more predictable and thus more easily customizable to different performance demands. Moreover, the energy dissipation components can be conveniently replaced to fully restore the occupancy function of a building. To examine the seismic behavior of the newly developed component, 3 one third‐scale specimens were tested quasi‐statically, including 1 RC wall complying with the current design codes of China and 2 installed with the damage‐controllable plastic hinges. Each wall was designed to have the same strength. The experimental results demonstrated that the plastic‐hinge‐supported walls had a better energy dissipation capacity and damage controllability than the RC specimen. Both achieved drift ratios greater than 3% under a steadily increasing lateral force.     

考虑动水压力的桥墩钢筋锈蚀抗震性能改进模型研究

针对考虑动水压力作用下桥墩内部钢筋锈蚀后抗震力学性能变化规律的问题,通过力学推导和abaqus有限元模拟研究了桥墩的力学性能,首先依托塑性铰区域高度计算公式,构建桥墩动水压力计算简化模型,通过改进有限元计算模型,提出了优化后的考虑钢筋锈蚀的桥墩计算公式。计算结果表明：动水压力作用下桥墩底部钢筋锈蚀与混凝土损伤对桥墩主压应力影响最大,其他区域钢筋锈蚀影响较小,并对桥梁承载力计算公式进行修正,为后期同类工程计算提供了理论依据。     

基于试验的多年冻土典型路基形变研究

多年冻土塑性形变特性是理解其应力响应性态及过载退化的关键,也是近年来冻土工程和岩土工程学科研究领域的热点问题。基于三轴试验测得9%、12%和15%含水量条件下-1℃、-2℃多年冻土弹性模量、黏聚力和内摩擦角等土层物理力学参数,建立典型铁路路基模型,分析天然地震荷载作用下多年冻土区铁路路基在温度升高、强度退化作用下的塑性形变规律。结果表明：随着温度升高冻土强度退化,-1℃的塑性形变大于-2℃各坡脚、路基中心处的塑性形变;左右坡脚处塑性形变具有对称性分布规律;典型铁路路基试验土层地温由-2℃升高到-1℃,9%含水量试验土层塑性应变左坡脚放大3.5倍、右坡脚放大4.9倍,12%含水量试验土层塑性应变左坡脚放大1.6倍、右坡脚放大2.5倍。多年冻土退化条件下12%含水量的试验土层表现出良好的稳定性,在同等受力条件下塑性变形增长最小。     

Cross-correlation coefficients and modal combination rules for non-classically damped systems

In stochastic analysis the knowledge of cross-correlation coefficients is required in order to combine the response of the modal Single-Degree-Of-Freedom (SDOF) oscillators for obtaining the nodal response. Moreover these coefficients play a fundamental role in the seismic analysis of structures when the response spectrum method is used. In fact they are used in some modal combination rules in order to obtain the maximum response quantities starting from the modal maxima. Herein a method for the evaluation of the cross-correlation coefficients for non-classically damped systems is presented. It is defined in the time domain instead of the frequency domain as usually encountered in the literature. Although non-classically damped structures possess complex eigenproperties, the great advantage in using this approach lies in the fact that the evaluation of these coefficients does not require complex quantities. Moreover a further particularization of the presented method allows a simple application of the spectrum analysis requiring only one response spectrum for an assigned damping ratio. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

岩石地震波性质的实验与理论研究

岩石的地震波性质是解释地震观测资料的基础。本文首先以中国大陆超深钻主孔的榴辉岩为例,将榴辉岩在高温高压(最大为500MPa和700℃)下观测矿物组成、晶格优选定向(LPO)、温度和压力对其地震波性质的影响。然后对岩石地震波性质数据库进行统计分析,指出长英质岩石的波速与石英或长石的含量没有相关性;从酸性岩、基性岩到超基性岩,随着SiO2含量的降低和铁镁矿物含量的增高,岩石波速逐渐增高,云母和角闪石的LPO是陆壳地震波各项异性的主要来源;波速与孔隙率的负相关受流体与压力的影响。     

鲍店煤矿瓦斯涌出规律分析

利用构造学、沉积学、数学模型分析等方法,简要分析了鲍店煤矿基本地质条件及影响瓦斯赋存的不同因素,论述了研究区影响瓦斯的主要地质因素,包括地质构造、煤层顶板岩性和上覆基岩厚度。总结了鲍店煤矿瓦斯涌出规侓,认为该井田瓦斯涌出量东北部偏高,西南部较低。     

基于知识规则集的城市工程地质数据库质量控制

通过对现有数据库质量控制理论和方法的研究,分析了城市工程地质数据库特点,并在挖掘城市工程地质数据库中空间数据的拓扑一致性和属性数据逻辑一致性的基础上,建立了面向城市工程地质数据库的知识规则集,进而提出了基于知识规则集的城市工程地质数据库质量控制的技术方法体系。最后,以南京市工程地质数据库为例,基于该质量控制方法进行数据库质量控制实验,验证了该方法的正确性和有效性。